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From Kazakhstan Encyclopedia

  • ...t|url=http://www.urbanrail.net/as/alma/almaty.htm|title=UrbanRail.Net &gt; Asia &gt; Kazakhstan &gt; Almaty Metro|accessdate=4 May 2015}}</ref> The station The station is located west of the city center, at [[Abay Avenue]] east of crossing with [[Altynsarin Avenue]]. It is built underground and has one
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  • ...вая плотина Медео}}) is a dam across the Medeu Valley south-east of [[Almaty]], Kazakhstan, designed to protect the city from devastating [[ ...s.E.|last=Mirtshoulava|contribution=Mud floods in the Caucasus and Central Asia|title=Floods|editor-first=Dennis|editor-last=J Parker |pages=217-218|isbn=0
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  • ...hern center of Almaty. It is located on Dostyk Avenue, a major road in the east part of the city which runs all the way from [[Medeo]] to [[Park of 28 Panf
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  • ...ry), [[Western Europe]]an art (16th–20th centuries), and art from [[East Asia]] ([[China]], [[India]], [[Japan]], and [[Korea]]).<ref name="codart" /> {{Asia-museum-stub}}
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  • ...Issyk [[kurgan]]''', in south-eastern [[Kazakhstan]], less than 20&nbsp;km east from the [[Talgar alluvial fan]], near [[Esik|Issyk]], is a burial mound di *Hall, Mark E. Towards an absolute chronology for the Iron Age of Inner Asia. Antiquity 71 (1997): 863-874.
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  • ...eld in such reverence that the city was known as the ''Second Mecca of the East'', a vision which has helped shape the spiritual identity of Muslims in Kaz *Hulsewé, A. F. P. and Loewe, M. A. N. 1979. ''China in Central Asia: The Early Stage 125 BC &ndash; AD 23: an annotated translation of chapters
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  • ...l-Karyat al-hadith''', '''Dihi Naw''', '''Shehrkent''') is a deserted town east of the [[Aral Sea]] in modern [[Kazakhstan]]. It is known from Arab writing ....A. & Modin, I.N. (2012). "Early medieval urbanization and state formation east of the Aral Sea: Fieldwork and international workshop 2011 in Kazakhstan".
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  • ...e-threshing [[wheat]] (from West Asia) and [[broomcorn millet]] (from East Asia).{{sfn|Spengler|2014}} ...oad", a route of likely transmission of wheat and other goods from Western Asia to China.{{sfn|Frachetti|2010}}
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  • ...ing Kazakhstan with [[China]], [[Europe]], [[Near East|Near]] and [[Middle East]], [[Siberia]] and [[Ural (region)|Ural]]. The prosperity of Otrar was interrupted by the [[Mongol invasion of Central Asia]].
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  • ...Jiaguo|last2=Evered|first2=Kyle T.|title=Environmental problems of Central Asia and their economic, social and security impacts|date=2008|publisher=Springe ...is connected via a canal to the '''Koshbulak Reservoir''' which lies just east. When first completed, all four reservoirs had a capacity of about {{Conver
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  • ...t codes|KOV|UACK}} is an airport located {{Convert|12.5|km|abbr=on}} north-east<ref name="AIP"/> of [[Kokshetau]], the administrative center of the [[Akmol |[[Asia Wings]]| [[Almaty International Airport|Almaty]], [[Petropavl Airport|Petro
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  • ...ogorsk ({{lang-ru|Усть-Каменогорск}}), the capital of the [[East Kazakhstan Region]]. The airport services [[Regional jet|small transport pl [[Category:East Kazakhstan Region]]
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  • ...'' {{Airport codes|BXH|UAAH}} is an airport {{Convert|6|km|abbr=on}} north-east the city of [[Balqash]] in [[Kazakhstan]].<ref name="AIP"/> {{Asia-airport-stub}}
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  • | name = Central Asia–China gas pipeline | direction = south–north-east
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  • | name = Central Asia–Center gas pipeline system | map_caption = Location of Central Asia–Center gas pipeline system
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  • | direction = west–east ...ina]]'s first direct oil import pipeline allowing oil import from Central Asia. It runs from [[Kazakhstan]]'s Caspian shore to [[Xinjiang]] in China. The
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  • ...zakh Steppe|desert steppe]] of [[Baikonur]], about {{convert|200|km|mi|0}} east of the [[Aral Sea]] and north of the river [[Syr Darya]]. It is near the [[ The shape of the area leased is an ellipse, measuring {{convert|90|km}} east–west by {{convert|85|km}} north–south, with the cosmodrome at the centr
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  • ...s a long heritage of involvement in Asia due to its association with the [[East India Company]]. Through connections with the largest number of Kazakh nat
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  • ...ation1_free2value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia and Australasia|Asia-Pacific]] ...has survived as one of the best-preserved of all [[Architecture of Central Asia#Timurid architecture|Timurid constructions]]. Its creation marked the begin
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  • ...threat, the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia (CICA) and the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, inte ...hip of Kazakhstani archeologist and historian Akishev in 50&nbsp;km to the East from Almaty city in 1969. The Saka warrior (4-3cc BC) in ceremonial clothes
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  • ...ng on Integration and Nation Building|first=Pal|last=Kolsto|journal=Europe-Asia Studies|volume=50|date=January 1998|pages=51–69|issue=1|publisher=Taylor
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  • ...nnel [[Kazakh TV]], which is potentially available across [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]. It features programming in Russian, Kazakh, and English.<ref>[http://www Khabar’s headquarters is located on Republic Square in [[Almaty]], just east of the Monument to Independence and across from the Presidential Palace.
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  • ...uated in the mountains south of [[Almaty]] between [[Gorge Turgen]] in the east and [[Chemlogan River]] in the west. The National Park borders [[Almaty Nat ...e and Culture Collide: Living and Working as a Science Diplomat in Central Asia |first=Katherine |last=Himes |quote=Various special types of deer are prote
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  • ...mily from what is today [[Abay District, East Kazakhstan|Abay District, in East Kazakhstan Province]]. His grandfather taught him to read and write. Auezov ...re.com/rnb/bashiri/Authors/Authors.html Iraj Bashiri, Biographies: Central Asia and Iran]</ref>
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  • ...ya was born on February 1, 1980 in [[Oskemen]] (a.k.a. Ust-Kamenogorsk), [[East Kazakhstan]] where she earned a degree in English language from the Institu {{Asia-journalist-stub}}
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  • ...l 1992, when he wrote, directed and produced ''Diki Vostok'' (''[[The Wild East]]''), a [[post-apocalyptic]] [[punk subculture|punk]] [[samurai]] [[Ostern] ...ations including the Forum for Democratic Forces of Kazakhstan and Central Asia, Republican People's Party of Kazakhstan, [[Democratic Choice of Kazakhstan
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  • East Kazakhstan region ...a - 7 591 km (the longest continuous overland border in the world), in the East with China - 1 783 km, in the South with Kyrgyzstan - 1 242 km, with Uzbeki
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  • It has been celebrated for over 3,000 years in [[Western Asia]], [[Central Asia]], the [[Caucasus]], the [[Black Sea Basin]] and the [[Balkans]].<ref>{{cit ...2008-03-21}}</ref> Before [[Sassanids]] established their power in Western Asia around 300 CE, Parthians celebrated Nowruz in autumn, and the first of [[Fa
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  • ...Kazakh TV is to present a complete picture of [[Kazakhstan]] and [[Central Asia]] to foreign viewers.<ref name="Kazakh TV">{{cite web |url=http://kazakh-tv ...pe]], [[Eastern Europe]], [[North Africa]], the [[Middle East]], [[Central Asia]] and [[Transcaucasia]].<ref name="CaspioNet TV">{{cite web |url=http://www
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  • ...e=June 2015}}{{dubious|date=June 2015}} [[Central Asia]], and the [[Middle East]], but also in parts of the Russian [[polar region]]s. The simple drum is f ...of the most famous frame drums in [[Persian Empire|Persia]] and [[Central Asia]], and in the [[Zoroastrian Middle Persian|Pahlavi]] ([[Persian language|Pe
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  • ...r Mongolian instrument Morin huur:Turkic and Mongolian horsemen from Inner Asia were probably the world’s earliest fiddlers. Their two-stringed upright f ...re the port towns of Venice and Genoa maintained extensive ties to central Asia through the trade routes of the silk road.
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  • ...z'' is cognate to the names of other instruments in the [[Music of Central Asia]], including the [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]] ''[[kobyz]]'' ([[Uzbeks|Uzbek]] ''qo'bi ...n]] (a Russian republic between [[Chechnya]] and the [[Caspian Sea]], just east of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] in the [[Caucasus]]) a special instrument
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  • ...Lorak, Anita Tsoi, the duo ''Myuzikola'',duo of "duo L'', group ''Vostok (East)'' 'Nagima Eskalieva, group '' "Rakhat Lukum", Parviz Nazarov, Rahat Turlyh ...ir Stupin and produced his participation at the International Competition "Asia Dausy" (1st place) and the International competition of performers in Pamuk
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  • ...List of sovereign states|sovereign country]] located across both [[Central Asia]] and [[Eastern Europe]].<ref name=CIA_World_Factbook>{{cite web|date=July ...Magazine.</ref> It is now considered to be the dominant state in [[Central Asia]].<ref>[http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2008/5/3442f45a-7517-425d-956c
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  • |time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]] ...ccessdate=1 June 2010}}</ref> Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil
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  • ...eign Language Film]] category. It won the award for Best Film at the 2nd [[Asia Pacific Screen Awards]]. ...e_film|title=Winner Asia Pacific Screen Awards Best Feature Film|publisher=Asia Pacific Screen Awards|accessdate=2011-01-08}}</ref>
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  • ...e tragedies experienced by the Korean population in Kazakhstan and Central Asia. ...ef>{{cite web|url=http://survinat.com/2012/11/wild-east-1993-3/|title=Wild East (1993)|accessdate=February 17, 2014|publisher=Survinat.com}}</ref> Nugmanov
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  • ...iaonline.com/content/view/6083/53/ |newspaper=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety Asia]] |publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] |date=14 May 2008 |accessdate=25 ...r 2008, ''Mongol'' was released in various countries throughout the Middle East, Europe and Africa.<ref name=BoxOfficeRelease/> France, Algeria, Monaco, Mo
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  • | birth_place= [[Oskemen]], [[East Kazakhstan Region]], [[Kazakhstan]] She represented Asia for the first time at the [[2006 IAAF World Cup]] team competition, althoug
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  • ...were [[Deportation of Koreans in the Soviet Union|deported]] to [[Central Asia]] in 1937.
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  • ...ot discount the possibility that manti may have originated in the [[Middle East]] and spread eastward to [[China]] and [[Korea]] through the [[Silk Road]]. ...[[Turkic peoples]] living in the vast area from [[Idel-Ural]] to the [[Far East]]. It is nowadays widespread throughout Russia and other [[post-Soviet coun
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  • ...a]], [[Eastern Europe]], [[Central Asia]], [[South Asia]] and the [[Middle East]]. ...'' ({{Lang-kk|сорпа}}).{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} In [[South Asia]], the term '''shorba''' in Hindi ({{lang-hi|शोरबा}}) simply mean
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  • ...= [[Indian Subcontinent]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[Central Asia]], [[Middle East]], [[Horn of Africa]], [[North Africa]], ...[[Indian subcontinent]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[Central Asia]], [[Southwest Asia]], the [[Arabian Peninsula]], the [[Mediterranean]], the [[Horn of Africa]]
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  • ===Central Asia=== ...IHzAA|year=2000|publisher=The White Horse Press for the Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit at the University of Cambridge|page=235}}</ref><ref name="Wang
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  • ...ral Asia]], [[Kurdish cuisine|Kurdistan]], [[Middle Eastern cuisine|Middle East]] ([[Levantine cuisine|Levant and Arabian Peninsula]]), [[Tatar cuisine|Tat ...in the Levant, similar products are referred to as drained [[Labneh#Middle East|labneh]] (''labneh malboudeh'').
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  • |region = Middle East, Central Asia, Balkans ...[[Middle Eastern cuisine|Middle East]] and [[Central Asian cuisine|Central Asia]].
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  • ...ral Asia]], [[Idel-Ural]], [[Mongolian cuisine|Mongolia]] and the [[Middle East]].<ref>Waters (2007), 51.</ref> It is shaped into either triangles or somet ...golians and other Turkic peoples sometimes dip boortsog in tea. In Central Asia, baursaki are often eaten alongside [[chorba]].<ref>Schreiber (2008), 104.<
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  • ...e President on Strategy and Business Development in the Middle East, South Asia, North Africa, and the Caspian Regions.<ref name="investing.businessweek">{
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  • In 2006, Gemini Films, the [[Central Asia]]n distributor of 20th Century Fox, complied with a Kazakh government reque ...remony}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17491344 | work=BBC News | title=Borat anthem stuns Kazakh gold medallist i
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  • ...nce-day-ulak-tyrtysh/</ref> in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan) is the [[Central Asia]]n sport in which horse-mounted players attempt to place a [[goat]] or [[ca ...gun with the nomadic Turkic-Mongol peoples who came from farther north and east spreading westward from China and Mongolia between the 10th and 15th centur
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  • ...ntification symbol. As the use of the red star spread to communism in East Asia, it was adapted: while some states kept the star as it was, some used a yel ...Star Belgrade]] ({{lang-sr|Crvena zvezda/Црвена звезда}}), the East German [[Roter Stern Leipzig]], the Angolan [[Estrela Vermelha do Huambo]],
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  • ...ast-in-music-2003-02-02 'Bach A L'Orientale' -- A unique union of West and East in music]. [[Hurriyet]]</ref>
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  • ...and thereafter gradually spread northward.<ref>Atabaki, Touraj. ''Central Asia and the Caucasus: transnationalism and diaspora'', pg. 24</ref> Islam also ...d substantial respect in their communities.<ref>Atabaki, Touraj. ''Central Asia and the Caucasus: transnationalism and diaspora''.</ref> Kazakh political
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  • ...e = Evangelical Lutheran Church in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Central Asia ...essions/Churchwide-Organization/Global-Mission/Where-We-Work/Europe-Middle-East/Russia.aspx | title = ELCA Companions in Russia and Other States | accessda
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  • Before conquest of Genghis Khan there used to be some [[Church of the East|Nestorians]]. {{Asia topic|Christianity in}}
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  • ...hiri/PDF/2008No16.pdf]</ref> Archaeologists trace back falconry in Central Asia to the first or second millennium BC.<ref name="Article on ancient falconry ...s]] fled for [[Mongolia]],<ref>http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/kz.htm</ref> settling in [[Bayan-Ölgii Province]] and bringing with them t
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  • ...|68730 || align=right |56269 || align=right |54252 || align=center|3 || [[East Kazakhstan Province]] ...17112 || align=right |292500 || align=right |312136 || align=center|3 || [[East Kazakhstan Province]]
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  • ...i Alatau]] (or [[Trans-Ili Alatau|Zailiysky Alatau]]) in the extreme south-east. ...the trade routes of the [[Silk Road]], which reached from China to western Asia and Europe. At that time, Almaty became one of the trade, craft and agricul
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  • ...ce=[[Kuigan (village)|Kuigan]], [[Kurshim (district)|Kurshim District]], [[East Kazakhstan Province]], [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]], [[S ...ref><ref>{{cite news |first= |last= |title= CONCERNS IN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P5-
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  • KTZ is engaging on a major railroad project to link China and [[Southeast Asia]] to Europe for a length of {{Convert|2400|mi|km|0}}. Currently the plan is ...>*[http://www.uic.asso.fr/download.php/world/NEW_report_2004.pdf Northern East West Corridor]</ref>
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  • Air Astana was described by the Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation in January 2012 as having "performed better in its first d ...Air Astana has rapidly become a key provider for air transport to Central Asia and Far Eastern destinations from Ukraine and v.v.
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  • ...s to affect production today. [[Kazakh wine]] is produced in the mountains east of Almaty. ...in-export-levels/|accessdate=21 July 2012|newspaper=The Gazette of Central Asia|date=21 July 2012|publisher=Satrapia}}</ref><ref>http://www.companiesandmar
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  • They are now found in [[central Asia]] and Southern Russia on dry steppe pastures.<ref>[http://www.fao.org/docre ...secure, nowadays largely unoccupied niche – vast Russian steppes in the East and the West of the country. They can be quickly and successfully utilized
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  • | [[Euro-Asia Air]]|| [[File:Euro-Asia Yak-40.JPG|100px]]|| 1997|| EAK || || ЕЦ || EAKAZ | [[East Wing (Kazakhstan)|East Wing]] ||[[File:Ilyushin Il-76TD, East Wing AN1633281.jpg|100px]]||2006||EWZ|| || ||
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  • |16||'''F''', '''U'''||[[East Kazakhstan Province]] | [[East Kazakhstan Province]]
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  • ...IAEA-unfriendly states.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-22026702|title=Banking on nuclear peace in Kazakhstan}}</ref> ...China Co., Ltd., sales promotion of Ulba products in [[China]] and [[East Asia]] countries, located in [[Shanghai]], [[China]].
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  • ...anges. The company operates 4 underground mines and 3 concentrators in the East Region, one open pit mine at Bozymchak, [[Kyrgyzstan]] and is developing tw ...ing copper producer posts half-year results|publisher=The Times of Central Asia|date=5 September 2013|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref> In February 2010 the
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  • ...[European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument]] (ENPI) under the ENPI-East Regional Indicative Programme 2007-2010 and 2010-2013. [[EuropeAid]] suppor ...=com_content&task=view&id=41&Itemid=68 Website of EC Delegation in Central Asia]</ref> It was particularly concerned initially with oil and gas pipelines r
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  • ...eographical location to control oil and gas flows from [[Central Asia]] to East ([[China]]) and West ([[Russia]], global market). On January 1, 2013, Kazakhstan became the first country in Central Asia to launch an economy-wide carbon [[Emissions trading|emissions system]] to
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  • ...1 billion barrels, Kashagan is the largest oil field outside of the Middle East. It is estimated to come on stream in 2016 and reach production of 1.5 mill ...ntry exported 8.8 billion cubic meters of gas to China through the Central Asia – China pipeline. Kazakhstan serves as a major transit country for gas ex
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  • ...gh to meet the demand that is now satisfied through imports from [[Central Asia]]. ...annually.<ref name="bmz.de">{{cite web|title=Renewable energies in Central Asia|url=http://www.bmz.de/en/what_we_do/approaches/bilateral_development_cooper
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  • ...ite book|last=Dahlkamp|first=Franz J.|title=Uranium Deposits of the World: Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShzwRGs5mDYC&pg=PA191|accessdate=30 M *[[East Mynkuduk mine]]- began production: 2006
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  • ...densate field]] in [[Kazakhstan]]. It is located about {{convert|150|km}} east of [[Oral, Kazakhstan|Oral]] (Uralsk) in the northwest of Kazakhstan. The f |newspaper=The Gazette of Central Asia
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  • | title = Caspian oil exports heading east | publisher = Asia Times
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  • | country = ASIA | direction_a = East
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  • ...uge|1520mm}} [[Russian gauge|broad gauge]] railway that connects [[Central Asia]] with [[Siberia]]. It starts north of [[Tashkent]] in [[Uzbekistan]] at [[ ...tween Almaty and Semey, became an important junction. Lines from there run east, connecting at [[Dostyk]] with [[China]]'s [[Lanxin railway]] Line (toward
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  • ...was the only railway-connection between [[European Russia]] and [[Central Asia]]. ....<ref>{{cite web|last1=Morrison|first1=Alexander|title=Railways in Central Asia|url=http://cesmi.info/wp/?p=61|website=CESMI Central Eurasian Scholars & Me
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  • ...military control and threatened [[British Empire|British]] interests in [[Asia]].<ref>''Military power, conflict, and trade'' by Michael P. Gerace, [[Rout ...t]] was an important bastion for the [[Red Army]].<ref>''On Secret Service East of Constantinople'', by [[Peter Hopkirk]], John Murray 1994</ref>
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  • | name = East Turkestan Liberation Organization | logo = The Flag of East Turkistan Republic.png
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  • ...94-bcfb2772a5e9.html Five Years After 9/11: Crackdowns loom behind Central Asia's War On Terror] RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty</ref><ref name=RUSSIALIKE>[ht The Supreme Court added [[Aum Shinrikyo]] and the [[East Turkestan Liberation Organization]] to the list of banned terrorist organiz
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  • ...te Studies|School of Undergraduate Studies]] and a [[University of Central Asia#Graduate School of Development|Graduate School of Development]] in the proc ...tions, the language of instruction is English. The [[University of Central Asia]], founded jointly by the Governments of [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kyrgyzstan]] and
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  • *[[University of Central Asia in Tekeli]] *D. Serikbaev East Kazakhstan State Technical University
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  • .... Between 2002 and 2007, he was World Bank project coordinator for Central Asia in the sphere of infrastructure, financial markets and education. From 2009 [[East China Normal University]], China
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  • ...d Tekeli|the American university in Bishkek|American University of Central Asia}} |name = University of Central Asia
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  • ...r working out of 1998–2001 economic policy in the countries of [[Central Asia]].<ref>{{cite journal| author = Лена Ларичева | title = АШМ ...national Business Academy Opens in Almaty | journal = The Times of Central Asia | date = January 27, 2000 | issue = | pages=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | a
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  • ...the Chief-editor of the journal ''Newsletter of Korean Studies in Central Asia'' and is a member of the editorial board of the journals ''Acta Koreana'' ( ...Ryang, R. King at all. Diasupora toshite no Korian (Koreans as Diaspora). East Rock Institute. Tokyo. 2007, 578 p.
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  • * [[Asia Pacific Screen Awards|ASIA PACIFIC SCREEN AWARDS]] - Asia Pacific Screen Awards Best feature film * Karlovy Vary International Film Festival 2008 - First prize "East of West"
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  • ...rkic peoples of the central and western [[China]], [[Mongolia]], [[Central Asia]] and [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]] and [[Volga]] regions. He was the first t ...ding alphabet, and from there it spread in two opposite directions: to the east and to the west”. <ref>Scherbak, A.M. "Runiform writing of Southeast Euro
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  • ...atai language|Chagatai]], which served as the [[lingua franca]] of Central Asia at that time. ...Michael. Dostoyevsky and Islam (And Shoqan Walikhanov). 'The Slavonic and East European Review'. Vol. 57, No. 1 (Jan., 1979), p. 20</ref> It was during h
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  • ...ov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/kazakhstan?profile=all UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, ''Kazakh ...1=Thomas |year=2015 |title=Explaining recent fertility increase in Central Asia |journal=Asian Population Studies |publisher=Routledge |url=http://www.tand
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  • ...situation are also leaving at rates comparable to the rest of the former [[East bloc]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2017}} ...these compatriots (known as ''[[Oralman]]'') in Slavic dominated North and East Kazakhstan as well as the German dominated [[Karaganda Region]], in order t
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  • ...ar.<ref name="Syroezhkin2009" /> Most are concentrated around Almaty and [[East Kazakhstan Province]].<ref name="Sadovskaya2007b" /> They form the majority ...Europe/Radio Liberty}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8489024.stm|periodical=BBC News|date=2010-01-31|accessdate=2010-02-
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  • ...ssessment.asp?groupId=70501 Assessment for Russians in Kazakhstan]</ref> [[East Kazakhstan]]<ref>[http://www.turkishweekly.net/news/874/the-russians-are-st [[Image:Prokudin-Gorskii Russians in Central Asia.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Russian settlers in Kazakhstan, 1911. [[Sergei Mikhai
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  • ...ies can be traced back to the Koreans who were living in the [[Russian Far East]] during the late 19th century. ...eb.archive.org/web/20031030073148/http://www.koryosaram.freenet.kz/update1/east-rock-intro.doc|archivedate=30 October 2003|accessdate=20 November 2006}}</r
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  • ...45 were forced to do labor in the forests and mines of Siberia and Central Asia under conditions similar to that prevalent in the Gulag slave labor camps.< ...an to return to the area of the [[Kaliningrad Oblast]] (formerly part of [[East Prussia]]), especially Volga Germans from other parts of Russia and Kazakhs
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  • ...served in private wealthy households. After the Russians conquered Central Asia in the late 19th century and abolished slavery, most female Dungan slaves r ...merchants who escaped, after they were sold by Jahangir's Army in Central Asia, and sent them back to China.{{sfn|Millward|1998|p=285}}
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  • ...part of Eastern Europe [[Ural mountains]] and northern parts of [[Central Asia]] (largely [[Kazakhstan]], but also found in parts of [[Uzbekistan]], [[Chi ...015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/kazakhstan/8039830/Kazakhs-striving-to-prove-Genghis-Khan-descent.html |tit
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  • ...l.britannica.com">http://global.britannica.com/topic/Tatar</ref> living in Asia and Europe who were one of the five major tribal confederations (''khanlig' ...rs, Turkmen, and Uzbeks of Central Asia, as well as many smaller groups in Asia speaking Turkic languages. [http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Turks.aspx#4]
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  • .../publication/12785/chechens_in_the_middle_east.html Chechens in the Middle East: Between Original and Host Cultures], Event Report, Caspian Studies Program ...een%20persia%20and%20turkey&f=false|title=Conflict and Security in Central Asia and the Caucasus|accessdate=25 December 2014}}</ref> The Chechens, however,
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  • ...ation of the forests and steppes of South Siberia stretching from somewhat east of the [[Ural Mountains]] to the [[Yenisey|Yenisey river]] in [[Russia]]. T ...g from around the [[Yenisei river]] all the way to the area lying somewhat east of the [[Ural mountains]].
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  • ...ions, significant number of Volga-Ural Tatars live in [[Siberia]], Central Asia, and the Caucasus. Outside of Tatarstan, urban Tatars usually speak [[Russ ...20–1930s &ndash; industrialization, Soviet education program for Central Asia peoples, 1948, 1960 &ndash; help for Ashgabat and Tashkent ruined by earthq
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  • ...es|Turkic]] [[ethnic group]]; the largest Turkic ethnic group in [[Central Asia]]. They comprise the majority population of [[Uzbekistan]] but are also fou ...ao), a sinicized [[Khitan people|Khitan]] dynasty, they brought to Central Asia the Chinese system of government. In the 13th century, Kara-Khanid Khanate
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  • ...rica]]; most Uyghurs in countries like Norway and Canada come from Central Asia rather than China.<ref name="Kamalov164">{{harvnb|Kamalov|2005|p=164}}</ref ...er Minorities as Cultural and Economic Mediators between China and Central Asia|url=http://www.isdp.eu/files/publications/cefq/09/LaruellePeyrouse.pdf|volu
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  • ...untry's south, while those from China and Mongolia are concentrated in the east.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/UNHCR/2250a389 ...4-09|title=Identity and Conflict at the Borders: Adaptation of Oralmans in East Kazakhstan |website=Laboratory for Social and Anthropological Research |pub
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  • {{About|the East Slavic ethnic group, regardless of country of citizenship|all citizens of R |related=Other [[East Slavs]] ([[Belarusians]] and [[Ukrainians]])<ref name="2008ydna">{{cite jou
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  • ...sity of Michigan Center for Chinese Studies |author2=Ohio State University East Asian Studies Center|publisher=Twentieth-Century China, New York|year=1997|
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  • | office = Second Emir of the East Turkistan Islamic Party ...''', was the leader of the [[Islamic terrorism|Islamic extremist group]] [[East Turkestan Islamic Party]], and suspected of having ties with Al Qaeda.<ref
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  • ...e Mongol Empire'' Bellingham, WA: Western Washington University Center for East Asian Studies, 2007. {{Asia-royal-stub}}
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  • ...o 1934. Initially the republic was named the "Turkish Islamic Republic of East Turkestan" (TIRET), representing the multi-national staff of its government ...015|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-28809-6|pages=197–}}</ref> The Second East Turkestan Republic attacked them as Kuomintang "puppets".<ref name="Klimeš
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  • | office = 2nd President of the [[Second East Turkistan Republic]] ...etcan Kasim'''</ref>) was a [[Uyghur people|Uyghur]] political leader in [[East Turkistan]] (Xinjiang) province of the [[Republic of China (1912–49)|Repu
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  • ...s and Early Islam|year = 1990|title = The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia|editor-last = Sinor|editor-first = Denis|pages = 355–357 |publisher = Cam ...is and State-Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East |author=Peter B. Golden |page=201 |year=1992 |isbn=978-3447032742 }}</ref>
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  • | order = [[Prime Minister]] of the [[Turkish Islamic Republic of East Turkestan]] ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • |church = [[Church of the East|Nestorian Church]] |religion = [[Church of the East|Nestorian Christianity]]
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  • | reign = Eastern [[Moghulistan]] ([[East Turkestan|Uyghurstan]]): 1487&ndash;1503 ...died 1503) ({{lang-ug|أحمد|}}), was Khan of eastern [[Moghulistan]] ([[East Turkestan|Uyghurstan]]) from 1487 to 1503. He was the second son of [[Yunus
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  • | caption =Central Asia around 1450 A.D. ...country out of reach of rivals in hope he will continue his affair in the East. Prince Lali gave his fourth daughter [[Shah Begum]] to Sayyid Zia-ud-Din w
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  • ...|p=Zhānggé'ěr}}; 1788 &ndash; 1828) was a member of the influential [[East Turkestan]] Afaqi [[khoja (Turkestan)|khoja]] clan, who managed to wrest [[ ...rchants who had escaped after they were sold by Jahangir's Army in Central Asia and sent them back to China.{{sfn|Millward|1998|p=285}}
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  • ...Chinese, multicultural, settled by Han and Hui, and separated from Central Asia for over a century and a half.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=FW8SB ...ang as a whole, with Dzungaria being excluded from the area consisting of "East Turkestan".
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  • ...bek Sultan Oghlan''' (died c. 1472) was Khan of eastern [[Moghulistan]] ([[East Turkestan|Uyghurstan]]) from 1468 or 1469 until his death. He was the only {{S-ttl | title=[[Chagatai Khans|Moghul Khan]] '''(in [[East Turkestan|Uyghurstan]]) | years='''1468/9&ndash;1472}}
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  • | order= [[First East Turkestan Republic|Emir of the First East Turkestan Republic]] ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • ...com/atimes/China/FK04Ad02.html China's Uighurs trapped at Guantanamo], ''[[Asia Times]]'', November 4, 2004</ref> :#The Emir of the safe house was Hassan Mahsum, the leader of the East Tajikistan Islamic Party.
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  • ...com/atimes/China/FK04Ad02.html China's Uighurs trapped at Guantanamo], ''[[Asia Times]]'', November 4, 2004 {{webarchive |url=http://www.webcitation.org/5i * The East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM) operated facilities in the Tora Bora regi
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  • ...=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/FK04Ad02.html |date=2009-08-01 }}, ''[[Asia Times]]'', November 4, 2004</ref> ...t he was a member of the East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM) AKA Sharq (East) Turkistan Islamic Partiyisa {{Sic}} (STIP).
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  • ...=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/FK04Ad02.html |date=2009-08-01 }}, ''[[Asia Times]]'', November 4, 2004 </ref> | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6189517.stm
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  • |church = [[Church of the East]] ...ist of Patriarchs of the Church of the East|Patriarch of the Church of the East]]
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  • ...20beg%20niyas%20ally&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F ...%20taiwan%20governor&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • ...in northwest Xinjiang. He served as Minister of Education in the [[Second East Turkestan Republic]] and Commissioner of Education in the [[Zhang Zhizhong] ...Azizi later apologized to Ibrahim and admitted that his opposition to the East Turkestan Republic was the correct thing to do.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Cl
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  • ...stan Republic.svg|20px|Flag of the First East Turkestan Republic]] [[First East Turkestan Republic]] ...el%20tao-yin%20oasis&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • Masud supported the [[First East Turkestan Republic]] while based at [[Aksu, Xinjiang|Aqsu]] with Mahmud Sij ...015|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-28809-6|pages=197–}}</ref> The Second East Turkestan Republic attacked them as Kuomintang "puppets".<ref name="Klimeš
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  • |office= [[First East Turkestan Republic|Emir of the First East Turkestan Republic]] ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • ...[File:Flag of the First East Turkestan Republic.svg|20px|Flag of the First East Turkestan Republic]] [[Young Kashgar Party]]}} ...cut%20off%20spike%20&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • ...Uyghur Autonomous Region]] under the occupation of China, also known as [[East Turkestan]]. He has spoken on behalf of the rights of the largely [[Islami ...006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unpo.org/content/view/10070/81/ |title=East Turkestan: Dolkun Isa Detained in South Korea| work=www.unpo.org| accessdat
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  • | order= [[First East Turkestan Republic|President of the First East Turkestan Republic]] ...Republic|Turkish Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkestan]]''' (or '''[[First East Turkestan Republic]]''') from early 1933 until the republic's defeat in 193
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  • | order= [[First East Turkestan Republic|Emir of the First East Turkestan Republic]] ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • ...h one of the main routes from ancient [[India]] and [[Tibet]] to [[Central Asia]] and distant China. It provided a convenient meeting place where not only ...1=Li Jin |author12=Hong Zhu |author13=Hui Zhou |title=Evidence that a West-East admixed population lived in the Tarim Basin as early as the early Bronze Ag
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  • [[File:Yuntai Uyghur east wall.jpg|thumb|Uyghur inscription on the east interior wall of the [[Cloud Platform at Juyong Pass]].]] [[Category:Extinct languages of Asia]]
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  • |regions = [[Central Asia]] ...}), were a nomadic confederation of [[Turkic peoples]] in medieval [[Inner Asia]]. The Göktürks, under the leadership of [[Bumin Qaghan]] (d. 552) and hi
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  • ...ons|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IR4tAQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=East-West Center|isbn=978-1-932728-80-4|page=16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= | ...[[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] [[ethnic group]] living in Eastern and [[Central Asia]]. Today, Uyghurs live primarily in the [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomo
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  • ..., Wu Erqi, Ma Tianxi, Tian Guan and Li Shengzhao) and sold them in Central Asia. They escaped and returned to China via Russia.{{sfn|Millward|1998|pages=16 ...k|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: A Political History of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|url=https://books.goo
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  • {{Expert needed|Central Asia|date=November 2008}} [[Image:Moghulistan.PNG|thumb|right|Central Asia in around 1450 CE]]
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  • {{Infobox East Asian ...scent]], sometimes referred to by Korean newspapers as the "[[Picasso]] of Asia".<ref name=Izvestia>{{cite news|title=Культурная интеграц
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  • ...he Soviet Union|1937 deportation]] of the ''[[Koryo-saram]]'' to [[Central Asia]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kbs.co.kr/end_program/1tv/sisa/sunspecial ...-[[anime]] style. In autumn of the same year she performs with her "To The East" show, which attracted more than ten thousand people. Following the show, t
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  • ...upreme leader of the DPRK".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8279830.stm|publisher=BBC News|title=N Korea constitution bolsters ...ar [[Khabarovsk]], in 1941,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/1907197.stm|title=Profile: Kim Jong-il|publisher=BBC News|date=16 J
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  • ...lage of [[Ael'tugeu]] in the [[Vladivostok District]] of the [[Russian Far East]] on 6 November 1913.{{sfn|Gabroussenko|2005|p=58}}{{efn|group=nb|According ...elf arrested on the spot for breaking the law confining Koreans to Central Asia. He then returned to the Institute in Kzyl-Orda and worked there until 1941
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  • ...mass of Zuev's work included analysis of the [[Kazakhstan]] and [[Central Asia]]n political history from the 3rd century BC to the 3rd century AD, history ...and tradition" (1996), "Forms of the ethno-social organization of Central Asia [[nomadic]] peoples in antiquity and Middle Ages: pied horde, centuria ([[C
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  • ...ement]] is designed to facilitate trade for goods and services for Central Asia via both Afghanistan and Pakistan.<ref>https://aric.adb.org/fta/pakistan-tu .../1316410/diversifying-energy-sources-away-gulf-pakistan-set-import-central-asia/</ref>
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  • ...zgan complex), the Akbastau and the Kosmurun Mines (which were part of the East Region complex), and the Taksura open pit (which was part of the North Mine ...-of-its-minerals/|accessdate=24 July 2012|newspaper=The Gazette of Central Asia|date=24 July 2012|publisher=Satrapia}}</ref>
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  • ...in's Eurasian Union concept |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/kazakhstan/8808500/Kazakhstan-welcomes-Putins-Eurasian-Union-concept.html | ...] to the east and [[East Asia]], the [[Middle East]] and part of [[Central Asia]] to the south. It lies between latitudes [[39th parallel north|39°]] and
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  • *[[Middle East economic integration]] [[Category:International organizations of Asia]]
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  • | East Kazakhstan|| 4.36|| - ...dumps, overburden dumps and hosting rocks. Thus, in waste-intensive areas (East Kazakhstan, Karaganda, Kostanai and Pavlodar oblasts) the percentage of ind
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  • ...historically significant [[mountain pass]] between [[China]] and [[Central Asia]].<ref>''Cambridge History of China: The People's Republic, Part 2 : Revolu ...ers on horseback between the western [[Eurasian steppe]] and lands further east, and for its fierce and almost constant winds.<ref>Douglas Carruthers, ''Un
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  • ...ау}}) is a generic name for a number of [[mountain range]]s in [[Central Asia]], characterized by interleaving areas of [[vegetation]], scattered rocks a The Alatau Mountains are located in the North East of Kazakhstan
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  • ...th|49° N]] latitude, and [[47th meridian east|47° E]] to [[52nd meridian east|52° E]] longitude. Temperatures can reach extreme highs of {{convert|45|to [[Category:Deserts of Central Asia]]
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  • ...gǔdì}}) is located on the [[China]]-[[Kazakhstan]] border, in [[Central Asia]]. It has an area of about {{convert|65000|km2|mi2}}. Its main waterway is ...g Prefecture]] in the [[Xinjiang]] Region of north-western China; and in [[East Kazakhstan Province]] of eastern Kazakhstan.
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  • ...ls]] and [[Mugodzhar Hills]] in the west and the [[Kazakh Steppes]] in the east. In the north are dry steppes with semi-steppes in the south. Deposits of [[Category:Valleys of Asia]]
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  • ...кое плато}}) is a plateau in north-west [[Kazakhstan]], central [[Asia]]. It lies 200–300 m above sea level. It extends some 630&nbsp;km north-south and 300&nbsp;km east-west. It is bisected by the Turgay Ravine which is 800&nbsp;km long and du
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  • ...feet) and a general south-western incline. Elevations are greatest in the east. In the southeast, the [[Zhel’tau highland]] reaches an elevation of 974 ...an pea shrub (''[[Caragana arborescens]]'') grow on the sand dunes. In the east the argillaceous desert merges with the stony desert where ''[[Salsola arbu
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  • | timezone = East ...stan]]. The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia |Auyl]] of [[Ulytau, Kazakhstan|Ulytau]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.de/coukz
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  • | timezone = East ...stan]]. The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Obagan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geonames.de/coukz-sub.h
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  • | timezone = East ...Tom. (2003). ''Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia''. Pantheon Books, New York. ISBN 0-375-42130-0.
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  • | timezone = East ...stan]]. The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Sarykemer]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.de/coukz-sub.html www.geo
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  • | timezone = East ...stan]]. The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Korday]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.de/coukz-sub.html www.geonam
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  • | timezone = East ...zakhstan]]. The administrative center of the district is [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Kulan, Kazakhstan|Kulan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geonam
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  • | timezone = East ...stan]]. The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Moiynkum]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.de/coukz-sub.html www.geon
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  • | timezone = East ...stan]]. The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Tole bi]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.de/coukz-sub.html www.geona
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  • | timezone = East ....</ref> The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Asy, Kazakhstan|Asy]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.de/coukz-sub.ht
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  • | timezone = East ...stan]]. The administrative center of the district is the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Bauyrzhan Momyshuly]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.de/coukz-sub.ht
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  • |timezone = Central Asia Time ...result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAw|title=Anthropology of the Middle East, Volumes 1-3|publisher= Berghahn Journals|date= 2006|page=35}}</ref>
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  • ...enter;"|[[File:Coats of arms of East Kazakhstan Province.svg|45x45px]]|| [[East Kazakhstan Region]] || region || Шығыс Қазақстан облысы | [[East Kazakhstan Region]] || [[Oskemen]]
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  • ...mes regarded as a definition for the natural [[boundary between Europe and Asia]], and was first proposed as such by [[Philip Johan von Strahlenberg]]. The oil basin of the Emba lies between the Mugodzhar Hills in the east and the Volga in the west. This area was known since olden days as ''maily
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  • [[Category:Plateaus of Asia]]
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  • ...rough [[Uzbekistan]] to [[Kazakhstan]]. The [[lowland]] region lies to the east of the [[Caspian Sea]] and southeast of the [[Aral Sea]] in the vast [[Aral [[Category:Endorheic basins of Asia]]
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  • ...lish/arsea/arsea.htm |date=24 April 2008 }}</ref> It lies to the south and east of what remains of the Aral Sea in [[Uzbekistan]] and [[Kazakhstan]]. ...elorussia's fields, all situated thousands of kilometers away from Central Asia."</ref>
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  • ...nd end of the bay, the [[Kaydak Inlet]] cuts deep into the coast extending east and then southwards. Nowadays both the bay and the inlet are filled with Ca [[Category:Bays of Asia]]
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  • ...harles Kingswood, ''Antelopes: Part 4 - North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia: Global Survey And Regional Action Plans (Pt. 4)'' p. 137</ref> |[[File:North-East part of Caspian Sea (IMW NL39).jpg|thumb|260px|Map of the northeastern part
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  • ...a [[canyon]] on the [[Sharyn River]] in [[Kazakhstan]], {{convert|200|km}} east of [[Almaty]], close to the Chinese border. The canyon is {{convert|80|or|9 ...193-2|pages=10–}}</ref>) that is spread over the arid semi-desert to the east of Almaty.{{Sfn|Brummell|2012|p=170}} In parts, it attains a depth of {{con
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  • ...ical region in the interior of [[Asia]]. It consists of the area north and east of the [[Aral Sea]], south of the Siberian [[craton]] and west of the [[Alt Kazakhstania is mainly flat: only in the east near [[Karaganda]] are there mountains and these only rise to 1,565 metres
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  • ...the west; and China's [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region]] to the east. [[Image:Astana-steppe-7748.jpg|thumb|left|In the [[steppe]]s of Central Asia ([[Aqmola Province]])]]
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  • | [[Asia/Almaty]] | [[Asia/Qyzylorda]]
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  • ...ntary Turks, and was famous for its [[kumis]].<ref>Through Russian central Asia. By Stephen Graham. Published by The Macmillan Company, 1916</ref> [[Category:Cities in Central Asia]]
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  • ...city |author=Daisy Carrington |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/07/13/world/asia/eye-on-kazakhstan-astana/index.html |date=13 July 2012 |accessdate=6 Octobe ...ket roads and lines connected this geographic centre to [[Kargaly]] in the East, [[Aktau|Aktau fort]] in the South and through [[Atbasar]] to [[Kokshetau|K
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  • ...to its east, up to the bank of the River Ishim beyond."</ref><ref>Central Asia - Page 176 Bradley Mayhew, Greg Bloom, Paul Clammer - 2010 "Back on Nurzhol
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  • ...the lake from [[Sayran (Almaty Metro)|Sayran metro station]] on the South East corner of the lake.
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  • ...ore while concurrently completing a B.A. in Hotel Management from the East Asia Institute of Management.
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  • ....<ref>[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d8dee514-f3d9-11de-ac55-00144feab49a.html Asia-Pacific - Kazakh PM]</ref> ...c world|Muslim state]] which is interested in being involved in the Middle East. Kazakhstan intends to found political and economic ties with Israel and it
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  • ==[[East Kazakhstan Region|East Kazakhstan]]== *[[Abay District, East Kazakhstan]] <ref>[http://akimvko.gov.kz/eng/map.htm East Kazakhstan Province (official site)] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.
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  • ...ption = '''Clockwise from top:''' Central Bridge which connects Europe and Asia during the evening; Stand marking the European side of the city; Orthodox C ...700|km|mi|abbr=off}} west of [[Almaty]] and {{convert|351|km|mi|abbr=off}} east of the [[Russia]]n city of [[Astrakhan]].
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  • | timezone = East ...ervices from 30&nbsp;km from Taldykorgan [[Central Kazakhstan]], [[Central Asia]], [[Russia]], [[Baltic States]] and the [[People's Republic of China]].
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  • ...een [[Almaty]] and [[Esik]], 25&nbsp;km from Almaty and several kilometres east of [[Birlik, Kazakhstan|Birlik]]. Population: {{Kz-census2009|45,529|punct= ...surrounding settlements. Such [[city development]] was common in [[Central Asia]] at that time.
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  • ...7&nbsp;km) are nearby. The closest railway station is in Astana. Akmol is east of the [[Korgalzhyn Nature Reserve]], part of the UNESCO heritage site [[Sa ...2= Greg|last3= Clammer|first3= Paul|author4= Kohn, Michael |title= Central Asia|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=B9m-hrsrtfYC&pg=PA179|year= 2010|pub
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  • ...ng-kk|Ақтау}}, ''Aqtaw'') is a city in [[Kazakhstan]], located on the east bank of the [[Caspian Sea]]. Its current name means "white mountain" in Kaz ...sea-grain-route/|accessdate=8 August 2012|newspaper=The Gazette of Central Asia|date=August 8, 2012|publisher=Satrapia}}</ref>
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  • Its history began as a small steppe village. Caravans from Central Asia would travel through Karkaraly on their way to Siberia. The name Karkaraly ...d numerous commercial and political contacts with western Siberia, Central Asia, Xinjiang and Iran.[http://www.discovery-kazakhstan.com/archive/2008/10_17.
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  • Karaganda is located 200 km South-East from Kazakhstan's capital Astana. [[Sary-Arka Airport]] is located 20 kilometers south-east of the city.
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  • |subdivision_name1 = [[East Kazakhstan Region]] ...kz|Алаш-қала}}, ''Alaş-qala''), is a city in [[Kazakhstan]], in [[East Kazakhstan Region]], and in the Kazakhstan part of [[Siberia]], near the bo
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  • |subdivision_name1 = [[East Kazakhstan Region]] ...r River]] valley and the administrative center of [[Urzhar District]] in [[East Kazakhstan Region]] of [[Kazakhstan]]. Population: {{Kz-census2009|17,320|p
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  • ...Atyrau Region|Atyrau]] (to the south) and [[Aktobe Region|Aktobe]] (to the east). |East =
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  • | timezone1 = East ...), [[South Kazakhstan Region]] (to the west) and [[Almaty Region]] (to the east). The total area is {{convert|144200|km2|mi2}}. The province borders [[Lake
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  • ...e to the [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] [[Sughd]]s who spoke [[Soghdian]], an East [[Iranian language]].<ref name="barthold">{{cite book Image:E8046-Chuy-Valley-Milyanfan-east.jpg|In the Chuy Valley near [[Milyanfan]]
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  • ...an]]. The park headquarters are in the city of [[Karkaraly]], 244&nbsp;km east of [[Karaganda]]. ...ere obviously imported, characteristic of southwestern Siberia and Central Asia.
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  • ...zakhstan Region]] to the north. The [[Ural River]] is the border between [[Asia]] and [[Europe]] and flows from Russia to the [[Caspian Sea]] through the r |East = [[Aktobe Region]]
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  • ...Beyneu District]], with the administrative center in the [[Village#Central Asia|auyl]] of [[Beyneu]]; |East = {{flag|Karakalpakstan}}, {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
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  • | timezone1 = East ...north), [[Kyzylorda Region]] (to the west), and [[Jambyl Region]] (to the east). The [[Syr Darya]] passes through the region, on its way to the [[Aral Sea
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  • ...pher and natural historian. He was a [[Victorian-era]] explorer of [[Inner Asia]], and was the first to catalogue many of the area's native plants. On home ...here, he was the first foreigner to report on the [[Eastern Yugur language|East Yugur]] and [[Western Yugur language|West Yugur]] languages, making a gloss
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  • [[Archaeology]] in Central Asia was active following its conquest by the [[Russian Empire]], but remains a ...,'' 'shallow water,' which coincidentally is the name of the river running east of the center of the city. Kāsgharī also later notes the verb ''seyremlen
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  • ...located on the [[China]]&mdash;[[Kyrgyzstan]]&mdash;[[Kazakhstan]] border, east of lake [[Issyk Kul]]. Its geologic elevation is {{convert|6995|m|ft|0|abb [[Category:International mountains of Asia]]
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  • ...tinents|conventional boundary]] between the continents of [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]. [[Vaygach Island]] and the islands of [[Novaya Zemlya]] form a further c ...Western Si. beria in the Bronze and Iron Ages.] [http://www.cambridge.org/asia/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780511266911&ss=exc Cambridge University Pres
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  • ...l River]]. From the west and east of the Southern Ural is limited to the [[East European]], [[West Siberian Plain]] and the steppes near [[Aral Sea]] anb [ [[Category:Mountain ranges of Asia]]
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  • ...n [[Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug]] in [[Tyumen Oblast]], 0.5&nbsp;km to east from the border of [[Komi Republic]].{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} The ...n the border between [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]: the Naroda river flows south-east from the summit into the [[Ob river]] in [[Siberia]], and the Kos'yu river
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  • {{Further|Boundaries between continents#Europe and Asia}} ...hat "the Europe of today was nothing but a geographical term; in reality [[Asia]] extended up to our frontiers".<ref name="bormann">[http://germanhistorydo
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  • ...astern continental margin zone of the European Plate ([[Baltica]]). On the east the rocks are [[Accretion (geology)|accreted]] oceanic and [[island arc]] [ ...of a north-south magmatic axis in the southern Urals that runs through the East Uralian megazone.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Fershtater, G.B., Montero, P.,
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  • ...bend of [[Ural River]] near [[Orsk]] city. The boundary between Europe and Asia runs along the eastern side of the Ural Mountains.<ref name=bse>{{cite web| ...s are fed by melting snow and precipitations. The largest lakes are on the east of the Central and Southern Urals. They include Tawatui, [[Argazi Reservoir
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  • ...ation1_free2value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia and Australasia|Asia]] ...ation2_free2value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia and Australasia|Asia]]
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  • ...tween 84° and 90° E (where it merges with the [[Sayan Mountains]] to the east), and extends southeast from there to about 45° N and 99° E, where it gra ...[Chapchan-daban]], at 3,217 m, in the south and north respectively. On the east and southeast this range is flanked by the great [[plateau]] of Mongolia, t
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  • |region = [[North Asia|North]], [[Central Asia|Central]], and [[West Asia]], and [[Eastern Europe]] ...p is named after the [[Altai Mountains|Altai mountain range]] in [[Central Asia]].
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  • ...s are on the left hand side when the Mongol Empire began its division into East and West Mongols. After this fragmentation, the western Mongolian nation wa ...Chinese, multicultural, settled by Han and Hui, and separated from Central Asia for over a century and a half.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=FW8SB
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  • * [[Geographic coordinate]]s: 79º50'30″{{spaced ndash}}84º56'50″ East, 42º14'16″{{spaced ndash}}44º50'30″ North ...akh Autonomous Prefecture is west of [[Mongolia]], south of [[Russia]] and east of [[Kazakhstan]]. Its foreign boundary is {{convert|2,000|km|abbr=on}}, ge
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  • ...[Ishim River]]. The Ob-Irtysh system forms a major [[drainage basin]] in [[Asia]], encompassing most of [[West Siberian Plain|Western Siberia]] and the Alt |title=Fish and Fisheries at Higher Altitudes: Asia
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  • ...|Altai]] and the [[Tarbagatai Mountains]]. It is the largest lake in the [[East Kazakhstan Province]]. ...ries are the ''[[Kara Irtysh]]'' (Black Irtysh) and [[Kendyrlyk]] from the east; its only outlet is the [[Irtysh River]] (or White Irtysh). The lake is gen
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  • ...ythians. Trading routes between [[Central Asia]], [[China]] and the [[Near East]] passed through the oases on the plateau and these ancient Altai nomads pr ...ce that Pazyryk trade routes were vast and connected with large areas of [[Asia]] including [[India]], perhaps Pazyryk merchants largely trading in high qu
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  • | title = A history of Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia ...& Kijngam, A. (2011). Cutting a Gordian Knot: the Bronze Age of Southeast Asia: origins, timing and impact. Antiquity, 85(328).</ref>
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  • ...violet-blue flowers. It is native to the [[Altai Mountains]] in [[Central Asia]], where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan meet. It is cultivated as ...hromosome sequencing of various Irises from the Siberian region of central Asia. They sequenced the [[RuBisCO|rbcL gene]] from some Siberian Iris species b
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  • ...oil and natural gas pipelines cross the depression from north to south and east to west. Many geologists believe the Caspian Sea and the depression were fo [[Category:East European Plain]]
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  • ...northern part is called the [[Caspian Depression]]. The desert part to the east of the [[Caspian Depression]] and Caspian is called the [[Turan Depression] [[Category:Endorheic basins of Asia]]
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  • '''Akbaur cave''' is one of the monuments of the [[bronze age]], located in [[East Kazakhstan]], Ukan region. The site is 3&nbsp;km from the north of Besterek [[Category:Caves of Asia]]
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  • ...company BW-KZ |location=Almaty}}</ref> or [[Sphinx]] with steep south and east sides and a more eroded northern side.<ref name="VK173">http://visitkazakhs ...f a [[medieval]] [[caravanserei]]<ref name="LP">{{cite book |title=Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan |last=Mayhew
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  • ...Ocean]], southwards towards the populated agricultural areas of [[Central Asia]], which lack water.<ref name=time75/><ref name=time82/> ...uction due to the availability of Siberian water for irrigation in Central Asia could provide food for some 200,000,000 people.<ref name=weiner/>
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  • ...Note that the map is upside down, i.e. the north is at the bottom, and the east is on the left]] ...ma H 2006:''Decrease of river runoff in the Lake Balkhash basin in Central Asia''. Hydrological Processes Vol. 20 Is. 6 Pp 1407–1423</ref> near [[Kapchag
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  • ...ere defeated on the River Ayaguz. <ref>History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Development in contrast : from the sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century ...y Ghobadi Pour et al. in 2011 in [[Katian]], [[Karagech Formation]] on the east side of the Ayaguz River {{convert|7|km|mi|0}} north of [[Akchi|Akchii]] vi
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  • |width = East {{convert|74|km|abbr=on}} <br />West {{convert|19|km|abbr=on}} ...t of lakes by area|15th largest in the world]]. It is located in [[Central Asia]] in southeastern [[Kazakhstan]] and belongs to an [[endorheic]] (closed) b
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  • ...orheic basin]] (a basin without outflows) located between [[Europe]] and [[Asia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Caspian Sea|url=http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Asi ...the [[Caucasus Mountains]] and to the west of the vast steppe of [[Central Asia]]. The sea bed in the southern part reaches as low as 1023 m below sea leve
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  • |location = [[Kazakhstan]] - [[Uzbekistan]],<br>[[Central Asia]] ...GE BASIN OF THE ARAL SEA AND OTHER TRANSBOUNDARY SURFACE WATERS IN CENTRAL ASIA|website=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)|date= 2005|ac
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  • ...thern [[Kazakhstan]] and adjacent portions of [[Russia]], extending to the east of the [[Pontic steppe]] and to the west of the [[Emin Valley steppe]], wit ...he southwestern part of the steppe, but elevation increases as one travels east or to the northern parts of the steppe, with a few exceptions.
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  • ...f [[Buratia]] in southern Siberia south of [[Lake Baikal]], and in the Far East of China and Russia. | title = Late Cambrian-Ordovician tectonics and geodynamics of Central Asia
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  • It is found in [[Upper Cretaceous]] formations of central and eastern Asia; fossils have been found in Mongolia, Kazakhstan and China. In the Nanxiong ...rmation]] (also called Manrakskaya Svita) of the [[Zaisan Basin]] in the [[East Kazakhstan Region]]. This formation is near to the [[Tayzhuzgen River]], an
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  • ...]. As of November 2007, about 1% of the $600 billion in goods shipped from Asia to Europe each year were delivered by inland transport routes.<ref>Berk.</r ...ntil the early 1990s the railway served as the primary land bridge between Asia and Europe, until several factors caused the use of the railway for transco
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  • ...f China]]. The Eurasian Land Bridge is the overland rail link between East Asia and Europe. ...Noinvite102810>{{cite news|title=China Invites Bulgaria to Join High-Speed Asia-Europe Rail with Turkey|url=http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=121602
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  • ...guardian1">{{cite web|author=Joanna Lillis for EurasiaNet, part of the New East |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/17/kazakhstan-eases-visa-re ...o establish five tourism clusters in Kazakhstan: Astana city, Almaty city, East Kazakhstan, South Kazakhstan, and West Kazakhstan Oblasts. It also seeks in
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  • .../ ''Aqsu-Zhabaghyly Qoryghy''}}) is the oldest nature reserve in [[Central Asia]]. It is located in the southern province of the [[Republic of Kazakhstan]]
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  • | designation1_free1value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia|Asia-Pacific]] ...tion through regions of the Asian continent connecting the [[Eastern world|East]] and [[Western culture|West]] and stretching from the Korean peninsula<ref
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  • ...own of [[Semey|Semipalatinsk]] (later renamed Semey), near the border of [[East Kazakhstan Province]] and [[Pavlodar Province]] with most of the nuclear te Later tests were moved to the Chagan River complex and nearby Balapan in the east of the STS (including the site of the [[Chagan (nuclear test)|Chagan test]]
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  • |caption=Brezhnev in [[East Berlin]] in 1967 ...ediately drafted. He worked to evacuate Dnipropetrovsk's industries to the east of the Soviet Union before the city fell to the Germans on 26 August, and t
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  • ...to the closure of the [[nuclear test site]] at [[Semipalatinsk]] in north-east Kazakhstan in 1991.<ref name=bbc1999/><ref name=chance/><ref name=krech/> T ...ef name=bbc1999>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/288008.stm World: Asia-Pacific: Kazakh anti-nuclear movement celebrates tenth anniversary] ''BBC N
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  • ...l River|Ural]] or [[30th meridian east|30°]] to [[55th meridian east|55° east]] longitude, and from the [[Black Sea]] and the [[Caucasus]] in the south t ...f the larger [[Eurasian steppe]], adjacent to the [[Kazakh steppe]] to the east. It is a part of the [[Palearctic ecozone|Palearctic]] temperate grasslands
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  • ...ecies, while those from the (now discontinuous) population in the [[Middle East]], at the southern extreme of this species distribution, are the smallest i ...s a rare winter visitor to [[India]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide|last=Rasmussen & Anderton|first=P.C. & J.C.|publisher=Smi
    39 KB (5,713 words) - 21:00, 27 April 2017
  • ...It is found in [[Africa]], on the [[Indian subcontinent]], in the [[Middle East]] and southern [[Europe]]. ...astal regions of [[Pakistan]], [[India]], and [[Sri Lanka]]), the [[Middle East]] ([[Turkey]], [[Israel]], [[Lebanon]], [[Kuwait]]) and southern [[Europe]]
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  • ...[[Falconidae]], the falcons. This [[bird]] is found in eastern Europe and Asia although its numbers are dwindling rapidly due to habitat loss and hunting. ...including the larger nesting colonies, are found in the Banat region, i.e. east of the Tisa River. More than 90% of the red-footed falcons continue to nest
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  • ...ume=8 |issue=1 |pages=89–98}}</ref> They have been recorded from Ireland east to Portugal and Italy,<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Palmer |editor-first=Ra ...naturally mainly in temperate areas of Europe across western Asia, as far east as the [[Primorsky Krai|Russian Maritimes]], near Sidemi.<ref name="Demente
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  • ...This partridge breeds on farmland across most of [[Europe]] into western [[Asia]], and has been introduced widely into [[Canada]], [[United States]], [[Sou ...|Altum]], 1894)</small> – eastern grey partridge, found from [[Finland]] east to [[Ural Mountains]] and south to [[Black Sea]] and northern [[Caucasus]]
    8 KB (1,137 words) - 21:00, 27 April 2017
  • ...eagle breeds from [[Romania]] east through the south Russian and [[Central Asia]]n steppes to [[Mongolia]]. The [[Europe]]an and Central Asian birds winter
    8 KB (1,155 words) - 21:00, 27 April 2017
  • ...e birds move downhill for the winter while others, especially in the north-east of the range, [[bird migration|migrate]] longer distances. The wintering ra ...Porter, R. F.; Christensen, S. & Willis, Ian (1988) ''Birds of the Middle East and North Africa'', T & AD Poyser, Calton, England.
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  • ...gration|migrate]] south in winter to tropical coasts in east Africa, south Asia and [[Australia]], usually preferring muddy areas. It is a rare vagrant in
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