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...munitetibektashi.org">{{cite web | author= | title= The World Headquarters of the Bektashi Order&nbsp;– Tirana, Albania | publisher= komunitetibektashi ...sion.gov.iq/usan/en/articledisplay.aspx?gid=1&id=6168|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Iraq)]]|access-date=18 April 2012}}</ref><br>

{{For|the Kazakh television station of the same name|Kazakhstan (channel)}} |conventional_long_name = {{nowrap|Republic of Kazakhstan}}

[[File:Kazakhstan-CIA WFB Map.png|right|thumb|350px|Location of Kazakhstan]] ...ealth, the country is an enthusiastic consumer of wine but must import 80% of the 30 m bottles it drinks.<ref name="Reuters"/>

...m the neighbouring countries of [[China]], [[Mongolia]], [[Uzbekistan]], [[Russia]], [[Kyrgyzstan]] and also from countries with notable Kazakh minorities: ...|first=Vivian }}</ref> The government prefers to settle them in the north of the country, and offers them more benefits; however, returnees themselves p

[[File:Renat map.jpg|thumb|A map of the [[Zunghar Khanate]] by a [[Johan Gustaf Renat|Swedish officer]] in capt ...ame of a part of [[Central Asia]], corresponding to the South-Eastern part of modern [[Kazakhstan]]. It owes its name, meaning "seven rivers" (literally

...''Wusun''' ({{zh|c=烏孫|p=Wūsūn|w=Wū-sūn|l=grandchildren/descendents of the [[Corvus (genus)|crow/raven]]}}) were an [[Proto-Indo-Europeans|Indo-Eu ...the Ili Valley and settled the area. They subsequently became close allies of the [[Han dynasty]] and a powerful force in the region for several centurie

|event_start = [[Battle of Hormozdgān]] ...t1 = [[Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628|Climactic Roman–Persian War of 602-628]]

|conflict = Russian conquest of Central Asia * Establishment of [[Russian Turkestan]]

*Kingdom of Khazaria |image_p2 = <span style="margin-left: 3px;>[[File:The Monogram of Kubrat.png|26px|link=Old Great Bulgaria]]</span>

[[Image:AltynEmeil.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The steppes of Eastern Kazakhstan in Altyn Emeil National Park]] ...]] and to the west of the [[Emin Valley steppe]], with which it forms part of the [[Eurasian steppe]]. Before the mid-nineteenth century it was called th

...|Palearctic]] temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands [[ecoregion]] of the [[temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands]] [[biome]]. ...n to conquer lands in the settled regions of [[Europe]] and in western and southern Asia.

| image = The book of antelopes (1894) Saiga tatarica.png | range_map_caption = Reconstructed range (white) and current distribution of the two subspecies ''Saiga tatarica tatarica'' (green) and ''S. t. mongolic

...e, running through China and [[Kazakhstan]]. As of November 2007, about 1% of the $600 billion in goods shipped from Asia to Europe each year were delive ...e former [[Soviet Union]] use a wider [[rail gauge]] than most of the rest of Europe as well as China. Recently, however, the Trans-Siberian has regained

...of [[Kazakhstan]] at [[Dostyk]]. From Kazakhstan, rail links extend into Russia.]] ...[Eurasian Land Bridge]] rail links running through the [[People's Republic of China]]. The Eurasian Land Bridge is the overland rail link between East As

{{About|the series of trade routes|other uses|Silk Road (disambiguation)}} | map_alt = Map of Eurasia with drawn lines for overland and maritime routes

...photo.png|300px|thumb|right|Lake [[Manych-Gudilo]] is midway on the course of the proposed Eurasia Canal]] ...the [[Black Sea]] along the [[Kuma-Manych Depression]]. Currently, a chain of lakes and reservoirs and the shallow irrigation [[Kuma-Manych Canal]] are f

...Eurasia over the past 130,000 years. Edited by A.A. Svitoch. GEOS. Moscow. Russia. 2002. ISBN 5-89118-268-8</ref> Catastrophic events during the epoch are th =={{anchor|History of investigation}}Research history==

| map_caption = Location of Mozdok–Makhachkala–Kazi Magomed pipeline | country = [[Azerbaijan]], [[Russia]]

|basin_countries = [[Azerbaijan]], [[Iran]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Russia]], [[Turkmenistan]] |islands = [[:Category:Islands of the Caspian Sea|26+]]

| basin_countries = [[Mongolia]], [[China]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Russia]] ...]] in [[Russia]], [[China]], and [[Kazakhstan]]. It is the chief tributary of the [[Ob River]].

| basin_countries = [[Kazakhstan]], [[Russia]] ...r is conventionally considered part of the boundary between the continents of Europe and Asia.

|subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|City]] ...n (rayon)|Lankaran rayon]]. The city forms a distinct first-order division of Azerbaijan.

| pushpin_map = Iran <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -- | pushpin_label_position = left <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->

|nickname = [[City of Winds]] rect 0 0 1200 441 [[Ismailiyya building|Details of the façade of Dede Qorqut on the Ismailiyya building]]

...a record of geodynamic processes during one of the most important episodes of [[continent]]al growth in [[Phanerozoic]] time. ...outhern Siberia south of [[Lake Baikal]], and in the Far East of China and Russia.

...District|relief=1|float=right|width=300|caption=Selection of [[outcrop]]s of the Timanide Orogen.|places= {{Location map~|Russia Northwestern Federal District|lat=70.483611 |long=29.540556 |label=[[Varang

|caption_bathymetry = Map of the Lake Balkhash drainage basin ...(meteorology)|precipitation]], largely vernal snowmelt, from the mountains of China's [[Xinjiang]] region.

....jpg|thumb|right|The map of 'Aral' Sea of 1853 published for the ''Journal of the [[Royal Geographical Society]]'' in London]] ...rg/fileadmin/DAM/env/water/blanks/assessment/aral.pdf|title=DRAINAGE BASIN OF THE ARAL SEA AND OTHER TRANSBOUNDARY SURFACE WATERS IN CENTRAL ASIA|website

| photo_caption = Satellite photograph of the Dzungarian Gate, the pale, [[fault-line]]d valley running between [[Lak | map_caption = The Dzungarian Gate in Kazakhstan on the border of China.

| image_shield = Aktyubinsk-obl-coat-of-arms.png | map_caption = Map of Kazakhstan, location of Aktobe Province highlighted

|country=Russia |map=Russia

[[File:UralMountains1.png|thumb|upright|Map of the Ural mountains.]] ...zi German leadership made many references to them as a strategic objective of the Third Reich to follow a decisive victory on the [[Eastern Front (World

...volcanics as well as the sediments of the western continental margin zones of the Siberian craton ([[Angara Plate]]) on the north and the [[Kazakhstania| ...London, Memoirs'', 32, 83–95.</ref><ref>Victor N. Puchkov. The evolution of the Uralian orogen. ''Geological Society, London, Special Publications'', 2

| header = Ural regions in [[Russia]] | image1 = Map of Russia - Urals Federal District.svg

|piccap=Map of the Altai mountain range ...99° E, where it gradually becomes lower and merges into the high plateau of the [[Gobi Desert]].

...book|author=David Brophy|title=Uyghur Nation: Reform and Revolution on the Russia-China Frontier|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=84bPCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT319& [[File:Tianshan tianchi.jpg|thumb|[[Heaven Lake of Tian Shan]]]]

{{About|the capital of Kazakhstan}} |photo2b = Astana, capital of Kazakhstan 02.jpg

|settlement_type = [[Regions of Kazakhstan|Region]] |image_shield = Coat of Arms of Karagandy Province.svg

| image_caption = The old building of the region library, Kostanay | map_caption = Map of Kazakhstan, location of Kostanay Province highlighted

| map_caption = Map of Kazakhstan, location of Mangystau Province highlighted | subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]

| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Kazakhstan|Region]]

|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Kazakhstan|Region]]

...of the First President; Nur Ghasyr Mosque at night; Fountains in the Park of the First President; St. Nicolas Cathedral. |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]

...[[Uzbekistan]], and [[Kyrgyzstan]] to the south; [[Russia]] to the north; Russia and the [[Caspian Sea]] to the west; and China's [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uygur [[Image:Kazakhstan 2001 CIA map.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Detailed map of Kazakhstan]]

|image_flag = Flag of the Eurasian Economic Union.svg |image_symbol = Emblem of the Eurasian Economic Union.svg

{{for|the medieval border-guards of the [[Kievan Rus]]|Chorni Klobuky}} |flag=File:Flag of Karakalpakstan.svg

[[File:Xinjiang Space View.jpg|thumb|400px|A satellite view of the Xinjiang region]] ...na-Xinjiang.png|thumb|200px|Xinjiang's location in the [[People's Republic of China]]]]