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From Kazakhstan Encyclopedia

  • ...languages ([http://kk.encyclopedia.kz Kazakh], [http://ru.encyclopedia.kz Russian] и [http://en.encyclopedia.kz English]). This resource collects informati ...be used to play both Kazakh music and the most complicated works of violin literature. Bowed instruments may have originated in the equestrian cultures of Centra
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  • ...ndosov. He considered the storage of 'all printed output in Kazakh and all literature about Kazakhstan' to be the most important task among the library activitie ...ooks and manuscripts. These number about 25 thousand volumes in the Kazak, Russian, Oriental and Western European languages from the eleventh to the eighteent
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  • |operator = [[RVSN]], [[VKS]], [[Russian Federal Space Agency|RKA]] == Literature ==
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  • ...n|Roscosmos]]<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Russian Aerospace Forces.svg}} [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] ...ceport is managed jointly by the [[Roscosmos State Corporation]] and the [[Russian Aerospace Forces]].
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  • ...y District|Zyryanov]] settlement of [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk gubernia]], [[Russian Empire]] == Literature ==
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  • ...ientific work instead A.I. Nosova, serving on service in [[Moscow]]..." ([[Russian state archive for scientific-technical documentation|RGANTD]]. F. 33 op. 1 == Literature ==
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  • ...tion is required in Kazakh language, for part of the day. Subjects include Literature, History, Geography, Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Technology, ...ades) students have the choice between three languages: French, Spanish or Russian. Two years of foreign languages are mandatory for the academic and academic
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  • ...P Chemistry]]. Apart from [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Russian language|Russian]] and [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]] languages are also offered in QSI Astana. * Literature I and II
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  • ...outes soon led to the town's decline, before it finally passed on to the [[Russian Empire]] in 1864.<ref name=whs /> ...usic, [[calligraphy]], Persian [[Persian miniature|miniature painting]], [[literature]], and various scientific pursuits,<ref name=timurid /> gave birth to a dis
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  • ...tion of educational, instructional, research, educational and journalistic literature, and to the research of Nursultan Nazarbayev phenomena. ...culture and history of Kazakhstan through excursions conducted in Kazakh, Russian, English, German, Chinese and Turkic languages. The main activity of the de
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  • ...his grandson to read and write; he also instilled within Mukhtar a love of literature, and the poetry of Abai.<ref>Mukhtar Auezov. The path of Abai. //Republic o Auezov's other projects included drawing and translating literature into the [[Kazakh language]]. Some translations made by him include [[Nikol
    16 KB (2,391 words) - 17:42, 26 April 2017
  • ...ies.<ref>{{cite book | title=The oral art and literature of the Kazakhs of Russian Central Asia | publisher=Duke University Press | author=Winner, Thomas Gust
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  • '''Syrbai Maulenov''' (Russian: Сырбай Мауленов ; Zhangildinsk region, [[Kostanay]], 17 Sept ...ty five poetic books. The majority of works of Maulenov is translated into Russian and languages of the people of the [[USSR]].
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  • ...rict newspaper, as a proofreader, translator and deputy editor, and in the literature department of the Eastern Kazakhstan regional newspaper "Kommunism tuyi" (l Oralkhan Bokeev’s works were translated into many languages – Russian, French, German, Japanese, Arabic, Chinese and others. The published transl
    9 KB (1,154 words) - 17:42, 26 April 2017
  • ...emid=23&authorid=62|title=Әбдіжәміл Нұрпейісов|language=Russian |trans_title=Abdizhamil Nurpeisov|accessdate=8 February 2013}}</ref> In 1954 he entered [[Maxim Gorky Literature Institute|Gorky Literary Institute in Moscow]] and graduated from it in 195
    38 KB (6,355 words) - 16:00, 3 May 2017
  • ...Андре́евич Ким}}; born 15 June 1939) is a [[Russian language|Russian-language]] writer.<ref name="Bogdanova182">{{harvnb|Bogdanova|2005|p=182}}< ...ly years there.<ref name="Bogdanova182"/> In 1948, his family moved to the Russian Far East and [[Sakhalin]], where he lived until 1957 before entering an art
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  • | notableworks = [[Labyrinth of Reflections]], <br>[[Night Watch (Russian novel)|Night Watch series]] ...one of the most popular contemporary [[Russian science fiction and fantasy|Russian science fiction writers]]. His works often feature intense [[Action genre|a
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  • ...uyama.pdf]</ref> A common English transliteration of his name (through the Russian) is ''Mir Yakub Dulatov''. ...Kazakh reformist nationalist movement, he developed an anti-colonial, anti-Russian worldview.
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  • | birth_place = [[Akmolinsk Oblast]], [[Russian Empire]] ...[[Kazakh language|Qazaq]] writer and pedagogue, one of the modern [[Qazaq literature]]'s founders.
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  • ...ial literature calling for greater independence of Kazakhs from Soviet and Russian power. He met repression and was executed in 1939. The Soviet government po ...Akmola three-class city school. In addition, he taught [[Russian language|Russian]] at a Muslim [[madrasah]]. On August 21 of 1913, Seifullin entered the [[O
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  • Omirshan Abdihalykuly (2009, in Russian). ''[http://rus.azattyq.org/content/Kazhygumar_Shabdanuly/1886686.html Knig ...ll term in Ürümqi jail.<ref name=MAR2010>Omirshan Abdihalykuly (2010, in Russian). ''[http://rus.azattyq.org/content/kyzhygumar_shabdanuly_writer/1987918.ht
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  • ...ze of the "Kazakhstan Youth Union", and the "Alash" International Prize in literature. Also he is the laureate of the "Young poets and authors" Festival held in
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  • {{Expand Russian|Союз писателей Казахстана|topic=culture|date=May 201 [[Category:Kazakhstani literature]]
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  • ...Turkic tribes that inhabited Kazakhstan over the course of the history and literature written by ethnic Kazakhs.[[Image:USSR stamp A.Qunanbayuli 1965 4k.jpg|thum ==Medieval Literature==
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  • ...cess-date=11 March 2013|newspaper=Golos Rossii|date=21 March 2012|language=Russian}}</ref><br>{{flag|Syria}} (by [[Kurds]])<ref name="damascusbureau.org">{{ci |[[Kyrgyzs]]<ref name="stan" />|[[Lezgins]]<ref name="russian" />
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  • ...66 he was a member of the [[Committee on Lenin]] and [[USSR State Prize in Literature and Art]]. He was a participant in international festivals in [[Tehran]] in ...p://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1216708380 Biographical information] (in Russian)
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  • == Literature == ...ook Number|ISBN]]&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">9965-9389-9-7</span>)</small> (Russian).
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  • ...official language is [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], though [[Russian language|Russian]] is still commonly used for everyday communication. * [[Literature of Kazakhstan]]
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  • ...language|Kazakh]] {{small|(official state language)}} |[[Russian language|Russian]]{{small| (using as official)<ref>[http://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/K95000100 | 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]]
    135 KB (18,214 words) - 17:43, 26 April 2017
  • ...r of Genghis Khan''''' in the United Kingdom, is a 2007 [[Cinema of Russia|Russian]] semi-[[Historical film|historical]] [[epic film]] directed by [[Sergei Bo ...005, and was completed in November 2006. After an initial screening at the Russian Film Festival in [[Vyborg]] on 10 August 2007, ''Mongol'' was released in R
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  • | Born = Samarkand Russian Empire | birth_place = [[Samarkand]], Russian Empire
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  • ...es. It also published a lot on [[Kazakh language]] and [[Kazakh literature|literature]]. Along with Qazaq (published between 1913 and 1918), Ay Qap played an im
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  • ...oviet Union]] (approximately 500,000 in [[Russia]] according to the 2002 [[Russian Census]]), [[Afghanistan]], [[Iran]], [[Turkey]], and [[Germany]]. ...], with some words of recent foreign origin (usually of [[Russian language|Russian]] or [[Arabic language|Arabic]] origin) as exceptions. There is also a sys
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  • ...oras in other countries of the former USSR. It was introduced during the [[Russian Empire]] period in the 1800s, and then adapted by the [[Soviet Union]] in 1 ...ame after letters from the Russian alphabet, but now they are placed after Russian letters similar in sound or shape.
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  • ...he homegrown Scout troops within Kazakhstan joined the membership of the [[Russian Association of Scouts/Navigators#After 1990|Ural Scout Region]]. ...create Scout units. Pavlodar Scout leaders published and sent out Scouting literature, and Scout troops were created in different cities and parts of Kazakhstan.
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  • * World Languages and Literature ...re and interests, the library has growing collection of Kazakh and Russian literature.
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  • ...k kaharmany original 1270249959254.jpg|centre|100px|"Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation"]] |<center>Awarded for merit in the fields of science, culture, literature and art, as well as statesmen and public figures, defenders of human rights
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  • | language = [[Russian language|Russian]] ...[[science fiction]] novel by [[Sergey Lukyanenko]], published in [[1997 in literature|1997]] in book form. It is a novel written in a very unusual style for the
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  • ...ceptance in society. During the reporting period, the dominant Islamic and Russian Orthodox leaders publicly criticized a number of nontraditional religious g ...of the law, in some cases citing discrepancies between [[Russian language|Russian]] and [[Kazakh language]] versions of a group's charter or referring a char
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  • == Literature == ...ib.iue.it/carrie/texts/carrie_books/paksoy-1/ Central Asian Identity Under Russian Rule]
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  • ...with influences from Western societies, as well as those from Kazakhstan's Russian and Chinese neighbors. ...f State. Retrieved on 2009-09-07.</ref> Less than 25% of the population is Russian Orthodox, including ethnic [[Russians]], [[Ukrainians]], and [[Belarusians]
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  • ...ra-Kar-Tel-v-Kazahstane/#.UNLldomLLAo Sells cellular provider] "Kartel" to Russian company "[[VimpelCom]]" for $425 million USD (with the deduction of net deb * 2005 — Sells 51% stake in «Bitel» to Russian company [[МТС]] for $150 million USD.
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  • ...built in 1906 connecting [[Orenburg]] and [[Tashkent]], then both in the [[Russian Empire]].<ref>Coulibaly, S Deichmann, U et al (2012) Eurasian Cities: New R ...ommon junction. It opened in January 1906, linking the existing network of Russian and European railways to the [[Trans-Caspian Railway]].
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  • ...e measure. These organizations are considered as terrorist in the [[Russia|Russian Federation]], the United States, [[Turkey]], Uzbekistan, and [[Pakistan]]." ...language|Kazakh]]. Police charged the resident with distributing extremist literature and encouraging religious strife. According to Marat Yermukanov of ''[[Eura
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  • ...rning. Fifty-four percent of the students were Kazakh, and 31 percent were Russian.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} ...- and 6-year-olds). All [[kindergartens]] are expected to teach Kazakh and Russian, and most emphasize one language over the other.
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  • All the activities of the Scientific Library are aimed at providing literature of the learning process, research, and cultural needs of its readers. ...ks, magazines and newspapers. It is subscribed to more than 500 Kazakh and Russian periodicals.
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  • ...azeta.kz | date= July 18, 2002 | accessdate = September 7, 2011 | language=Russian}}</ref> ...Gazeta.kz | date=March 5, 2003 | accessdate = August 25, 2011 | language = Russian}}</ref>
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  • .../ru/about/|work=http://www.ablaikhan.kz/|accessdate=23 March 2012|language=Russian|format=Web page|year=2011}}</ref> ...who taught the history of USSR, N.M. Voinova covered Russian language and literature, and E.F. Treyze taught German language. Hereinafter these teachers became
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  • {{For|Russian violinist and violist|Sergey Malov (musician)}} ...anuary 1880, [[Kazan]] - 6 September 1957, [[Leningrad]]) was a [[Russians|Russian]] [[Turkologist]] who made important contributions to the documentation of
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  • ...ate the current [[Cyrillic]] [[Kazakh alphabet]]. He also helped to create Russian-Kazakh [[military]] and [[agricultural]] [[dictionaries]]. ...[[East Kazakhstan Province]]. In 1916 he graduated from the Kanton-Karagae Russian-Kazakh school and enrolled in a real school in [[Ust-Kamenogorsk]], but was
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  • ...riant of his name was written in the Arabic script, and was similar to the Russian version.<ref group="nb">The name Shoqan Shinghisuly Walikhanuli reflects mo ...iddle jüz]]. Shoqan's family was very respected by the government of the Russian Empire, and Walikhanov's father was awarded, during his life, six appointme
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  • ...Russian Federation|accessdate=July 28, 2016|work=Demoscope Weekly|language=Russian}}</ref> ...ic of Kazakhstan Statistical Agency |accessdate=10 December 2010 |language=Russian |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref>
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  • ...uage Could Be Ticket in for Migrants] A large portion of Ukrainians speak Russian</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Khmelko, V.|format=PDF|url=http://www.kiis.com. ...the words "Rusyns" and "Ruthenian(s)". In areas outside the control of the Russian/Soviet state until the mid-20th century ([[Western Ukraine]]), Ukrainians w
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  • ...,409 according to the 2009 census), and [[Russia]] (801 according to the [[Russian Census (2002)|2002 census]]).<ref name="KGCensus"/><ref name="KZCensus"/><r ...female Dungan slaves remained where they had originally been held captive, Russian ethnographer Validimir Petrovich Nalivkin and his wife said that "women sla
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  • ...ncyclopedia.com/topic/Turks.aspx#4]</ref> in the territory of the former [[Russian Empire]] (and as such generally includes all [[Northwestern Turkic]]-speaki ...Turkic peoples living within the Russian Empire were named ''Tatar'' (as a Russian [[exonym]]). Some of these populations still use ''Tatar'' as a self-design
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  • ...Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]], [[Russian language|Russian]]<ref name=historicaldictionary>{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of In cities with a substantial Kurdish population, [[Kurdish literature]] and Kurdish language is taught in the primary and secondary schools. In t
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  • | languages = [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]],[[Russian language|Russian]],[[Chinese language|Mandarin]]
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  • ...territory was conquered by the [[Kokand Khanate]] in 1820s, and by the [[Russian Empire]] during the 1850s to 1860s. ...nsula]] for repelling Kalmyk raids and managed it for two centuries before Russian conquest. In the beginning of the 19th century, Kazakhs shifted some to the
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  • ...s of ethnicity|Citizenship of Russia|and|Demographics of Russia|other uses|Russian (disambiguation)}} ...0.6 M Latvia, 0.6 M in Uzbekistan, 0.6 M in Kyrgyzstan. Up to 10 million [[Russian diaspora]] elsewhere (mostly Americas and Western Europe).</ref>
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  • ...+Nevertheless,+the+name+'East+Turkestan'+acquired+a+wide+usage+in+academic+literature+only+in+the+second+half+of+the+twentieth+century.&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3IdYU9jWC4P The Taẕkirah is a genre of literature written about Sufi Muslim saints in [[Altishahr]]. Written sometime in the
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  • ...uage]], Western Yugur language, and [[Eastern Yugur language]] in his 1893 Russian language book ''The Tangut-Tibetan Borderlands of China and Central Mongoli ...home.nl/marcmarti/yugur/index.htm "Western Yugur Steppe" - A collection of literature and linguistic information]
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  • ...hurs#v=onepage&q=yellow%20uyghurs&f=false|title=Central Asia, 130 years of Russian dominance: a historical overview|author=Edward Allworth|year=1994|publisher In 1893, Russian explorer [[Grigory Potanin]], the first Western scientist to study the Yugu
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  • ...ssian and Soviet Censuses", in Ralph S. Clem, ed., ''Research Guide to the Russian and Soviet Censuses'' (Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press, 1986): 70-97.</ref><ref {{quote|The Uighurs are the people whom old Russian travellers called [[Sart]] (a name which they used for sedentary, Turkish-s
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  • | nationality = Russian ...udophobia Since Childhood] // [[Booknik]], 23 December 2012 (interview, in Russian)</ref>
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  • ...habarovsk Krai|Vyatskoye]], [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]] <small>(Soviet records)</small><br>{{birth date|19 ...2 February 2004|accessdate=19 February 2007|title=A Visit to Kim Jong Il's Russian Birthplace|last=Sheets|first=Lawrence}}<br>http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANS
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  • ...Cultural Front: Developments in the Early Literary History of North Korean Literature and Literary Policy|pages=298, 304 n4}}</ref> ...ped socialist realism as it would become the driving force of North Korean literature and arts.{{sfn|Gabroussenko|2005|p=85}}
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  • ...xt-align:right" | [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]], [[Russian language|Russian]] (interethnic) | style="text-align:right" | [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Russian language|Russian]]
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  • ...[[Qing dynasty]] ([[Xinjiang]] and north-western Mongolia) and partly to [[Russian Turkestan]] (earlier the Kazakh state provinces of [[Semirechye]]- Jetysu a ...khstan, lies its smaller counterpart, [[Dostyk]], or [[Dostyk|Druzhba]] in Russian.
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  • ...Pushkin]] bust. Pushkin is a famous Russian writer, founder of new Russian literature and literary language. The bust was erected at the school #4 in honor of hi *[http://www.saran.ru/ City website] (in Russian)
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  • ...m', which sold [[Chechen language|Chechen]] and [[Ingush language|Ingush]] literature and audio recordings. During this time, Liza separated from her husband an ...u/pub/2005/2005-088.shtml Interview with Umarova by Anna Politkovskaya (in Russian)]
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  • ...istrict. Of these, the largest ethnic group is Kazakh (96.2%), followed by Russian (2.23%), and Ukrainian (0.49%). ...ly became a large public and political center where politicians, people in literature and art, educators, scientists and travelers came.
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  • |language = Russian ...ref>''' (born December 1, 1970, in Dzhambul city, KazSSR, [[USSR]] ) was a Russian poet. He was a citizen of the [[Republic of Kazakhstan]]. Dmitriy is the Fi
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  • | birth_place = [[Akku, Kazakhstan|Lebyazhye]], [[Russian Empire]] ...lourful adventure tales set in the [[Asia]]tic part of Russia during the [[Russian Civil War|Civil War]].
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  • [[Archaeology]] in Central Asia was active following its conquest by the [[Russian Empire]], but remains a relatively understudied area. There has been some ...was known as Sayram at that time, the name which the town bears today. The Russian [[Oriental studies|Orientalist]] [[N. S. Lykoshin]] suggested that Sayram's
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  • ...hest peak in the Tian Shan is the [[Victory Peak]] (пик Победы in Russian or [[Jengish Chokusu]] in Kyrgyzstan) which, at {{convert|7439|m|ft|0}}, is ...ropeans to visit and the first to describe the Tian Shan in detail was the Russian explorer [[Peter Semenov of Tian Shan|Peter Semenov]], who did so in the 18
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  • ...Johan von Strahlenberg]], a Swedish officer who traveled in the eastern [[Russian Empire]] while a prisoner of war after the [[Great Northern War]]. However, ...guist [[Vilhelm Thomsen]] in a scholarly race with his rival, the German–Russian linguist [[Vasily Radlov|Wilhelm Radloff]]. However, Radloff was the first
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  • ...t the Dzungars]] ([[Xinjiang]] and north-western Mongolia) and partly to [[Russian Turkestan]] (the earlier Kazakh state provinces of [[Semirechye]]- Jetysu a ...=The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, Volume 23|first=|last=|volume=|edition=9|year=1894|publisher=Maxwell Somme
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  • ...ame '''Black Irtysh''' (''Kara-Irtysh'' in Kazakh, or ''Cherny Irtysh'' in Russian) is applied by some authors, especially in Russia and Kazakhstan, to the up ...reased water use in China has caused significant concerns among Kazakh and Russian environmentalists.<ref>[http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/civilsociety/
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  • ...ef name="Mikhailov 1994"/> Their microstructure is not well defined in the literature,<ref name="Simon 2014"/> but generally follows the typical elongatoolithid In 1991, the Russian paleontologist Konstantin Mikhailov introduced the modern classification of
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  • '''Viktor Georgiyevich Deimund''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: '''Ви́ктор Георгиевич Деймунд''' August 14, 1959 ...he homegrown Scout troops within Kazakhstan joined the membership of the [[Russian Association of Scouts/Navigators#After 1990|Ural Scout Region]].<ref>[https
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  • ...oured the dissemination of Buddhism in the river basin, and with it Indian literature and Hellenistic art."<ref name=Rene>{{Cite book |last=Grousset |first=Rene ...Route across Ukraine |url=http://tass.ru/en/russianpress/710813 |newspaper=Russian News Agency TASS |date=9 December 2013 |access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref
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  • ...ace = Lepsinsk ''uezd'', [[Semirechye Oblast|Semirechensk ''oblast'']], [[Russian Empire]] | language = Russian, Kazakh
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  • |birth_place = [[Kamianske|Kamenskoye]], [[Yekaterinoslav Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]] |death_place = Zarechye, near [[Moscow]], [[Russian SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]]
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  • ...of the Uigur people. V.P.Yudin authored over 80 scientific publications in Russian, Uigur and Kazakh languages, some of them vere re-published in English.
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  • ...urgenev]] and [[Lev Tolstoi]]. He was the first American diplomat to visit Russian [[Central Asia]], and as American [[Consul General]] in [[Constantinople]] ...yler entered [[Yale University|Yale College]], where he studied languages, literature and philosophy.<ref name="Rosenberg"/> He graduated with honors in 1859 and
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  • ...gradually lost their sovereignty and were incorporated to the expanding [[Russian Empire]]. ...iver]] and reached [[Astrakhan]], but were repelled by [[Tsardom of Russia|Russian]] forces.
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  • .../> The fair was organized in four long rows. In the two central rows were Russian and Siberian merchants trading iron and copper goods, textiles and tea.<ref ...ople of the day visited the fair. [[Abai Kunanbaev]] (the father of Kazakh literature) and [[Baluan Sholak]] (composer and famous wrestler) are known to have vis
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  • ...Oguz group formation is linked to the Western [[Zhetysu]] (often known, in Russian and other European languages, as Semirechye). ...centuries)'', Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences, Alma-Ata, I960, p. 133 (''In Russian'')</ref> from the Issyk Kul area the center of the Oguz confederation shift
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  • ...Moscow, 'Science', Ch.12, http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/HPH/hph12.htm (In Russian)</ref><ref name="Taishan45">{{harvnb|Taishan|2004|p=45}}</ref> ...id Empire]]), as well as [[Sanskrit]] ''[[bhaga]]'' and [[Russian language|Russian]] ''bog''.<ref>Peter Jackson, [http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/unic
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  • ...ow, 'Science', 1967, Ch.16, http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/OT/ot16.htm (In Russian)</ref> ...War of the 7th century'', http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/OT/ot15.htm (In Russian)</ref>
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  • ...in May, 1876,''] Cambridge University Press, reprint 2010 p.16.</ref> The Russian historian [[Nikolay Karamzin]] advanced the claim, asserting that consider ...ws were no exception, and one could assume, he added, that many German and Russian Jews descended from the Khazars.<ref>[[Isidore Loeb]] ‘Reflections on the
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  • ...ction appears to have survived the collapse of the Khazarian empire. Later Russian chronicles, commenting on the role of the Khazars in the magyarisation of H ...in the battle used [[catapult]]s against the opposing troops. A number of Russian sources give the name of a Khazar khagan from this period as [[List of Khaz
    176 KB (25,696 words) - 22:30, 27 April 2017
  • ...n in [[Ochakiv]], a small city in southern [[Ukraine]], then part of the [[Russian Empire]].<ref name=":0">''Immigration card - Avraham Poliak'' - File no. ST ...nd of Israel was Abandoned", "National Minorities in Iraq and The New Arab Literature".
    18 KB (2,813 words) - 22:30, 27 April 2017
  • | languages =Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish [[Russian Federation]] – 100% (17.4%) <br />
    151 KB (20,978 words) - 22:36, 27 April 2017
  • ...isuly]] (1804-1846), akyn, composer, leader of rebellious movement against Russian Empire *[[Eset Kotibaruli]] (1803-1889), leader of the anti-colonial war against Russian Empire
    12 KB (1,376 words) - 22:37, 27 April 2017
  • ...is an academic center coordinating scientific researches on the language, literature, culture, history of Turkic people from ancient times to the present-day an ...emy of Sciences and its research institutions, and research centers of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In addition, the Academy has strong relationships with
    7 KB (1,008 words) - 22:38, 27 April 2017

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