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From Kazakhstan Encyclopedia

  • |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...tury, Turkistan lay on the frontier of the settled Perso-Islamic [[oasis]] culture of [[Transoxiana]] to the south, and the world of the Kazakh [[steppe]] to
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  • |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...f gold coins and jewelry. The source of such legends was perhaps confirmed by the archaeological finds of various coins and jewelry.
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  • ...kh Government]] to [[Russia]] until 2050, the spaceport is managed jointly by the [[Roscosmos State Corporation]] and the [[Russian Aerospace Forces]]. ...north–south, with the cosmodrome at the centre. It was originally built by the [[Soviet Union]] in the late 1950s as the base of operations for the [[
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  • ...country's leadership in Germany after the war. After a careful study made by the German specialists in missile development of A.I. Ostashev finally deci ...s from the [[leadership]] of [[Kazakhstan]] dust A. I. Ostasheva was moved by his wife and son in [[Baikonur]] (city) and buried in the grave of his olde
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  • ...e Kazakhs alike, it is emblematic of the city, which became capital of the country in 1997. ...hin the 'egg'. Entrances to the monument are sunk below eye level, reached by stairs from the surrounding plaza. Copied the idea from 1982 Worlds Fair Su
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  • | architectural_style = Timurid, by Khawje hossein shirazi | designation1_date = [[List of World Heritage Sites by year of inscription#2003 (27th session)|2003]] <small>(27th [[World Heritag
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  • The Nazarbayev Center was established by a Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on January 23, 2012 ...nce and culture, civil society, and the media on the popularization of the country’s history.
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  • ...itution "National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan" of the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Kazakhstan. " The museum is located on the main square of the country - the Independence Square, which harmoniously blends into the single archit
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  • ...ref name="USHRP">{{citation|title=Kazakhstan Human Rights Practices|series=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices|publisher=Department of State|publication ...tists and terrorists; it drew severe criticism from the Society for Uyghur Culture of Kazakhstan as well as the Kazakh government, and ''Kazakhskaya Pravda''
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  • ...apers convicted before court rules on case |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=4 December 2012 |work= |publisher=[[Reporters Without Border ...d-March 2002 [[court order]] to stop printing for three months, was evaded by printing under other titles, such as ''Not That Respublika''.<ref name=NYT/
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  • | country = [[Kazakhstan]] ...Television News Agency. It is currently one of the largest networks in the country, and broadcasts daily in [[Russian language|Russian]] and [[Kazakh language
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  • ...n 1979. At the same time, he also completed a coaching program for [[cross-country skiing]]. ...k socialite Sandy Hill Pittman.<ref name= vogue>[http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2015/09/sandy-hill-pittman-mount-everest The Real Story of Sandy Hill Pittm
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  • ...estic and foreign policy of the state and represents Kazakhstan within the country and in international relations. The President is the symbol and guarantor o Legislative functions are performed by the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which consists of two Chamber
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  • ...inhabited Kazakhstan over the course of the history and literature written by ethnic Kazakhs.[[Image:USSR stamp A.Qunanbayuli 1965 4k.jpg|thumb|Post mark ...sed on through generations in oral form. The legendary tales were recorded by Turkish authors in 14-16th centuries C.E.
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  • ...w.iranicaonline.org|access-date=29 December 2013}}</ref><br>{{flag|Iraq}} (by [[Kurds]] and [[Iraqi Turkmens|Turkmens]])<ref name=IMFA>{{cite web|title=2 ...ch, 2008. "The traditional Nowrouz/Nowrooz celebrations, mainly celebrated by the Kurdish population in the Kurdistan Region in Iraq, and other parts of
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  • Kazakhstan Radio and Television Corporation is owned by the state of Kazakhstan. The broadcasts of the TV and radio stations within ...- 1956-1957: Head of the Radio information department of the Ministry of Culture of the Kazakh SSR. 1957-1959: Chairman of the Committee of Radio and Telev
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  • |country = [[Kazakhstan]] Gakku TV is aimed to expand Kazakh music and culture and to boost patriotic feelings.
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  • |country = {{flag|Kazakhstan}} ...opted in 1992 after a lengthy competition. The lyrics were written jointly by four people including poet Zhadyra Daribayeva, one of only a handful of wom
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  • {{Infobox song contest country ...ting the [[Culture and Arts Capital of the Turkic World|Turkish Capital of Culture]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Granger|first1=Anthony|title=Bala Turkvizyon: Child
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  • ...rkmenistan]], [[Uzbekistan]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]]. The country also borders on a significant part of the [[Caspian Sea]]. ...ulation|62nd largest]] population in the world, with a [[List of countries by population density|population density]] of less than 6&nbsp;people per squa
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  • == Culture == {{Main|Culture of Kazakhstan}}
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  • {{Infobox country .../02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=68&pr.y=12&sy=2014&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=916&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Kazakhst
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  • | country = Kazakhstan ...akh drama film]]. It was directed by [[Sergey Dvortsevoy]] and distributed by [[Zeitgeist Films]]. ''Tulpan'' was Kazakhstan's [[82nd Academy Awards|2009
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  • |country = Russia<br>[[Kazakhstan]] ...ry "[[The Prisoner of the Caucasus (story)|The Prisoner in the Caucasus]]" by the classic Russian writer [[Leo Tolstoy]].
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  • | country = {{Plainlist| ...ceived from a screenplay written by Bodrov and Arif Aliev. It was produced by Bodrov, Sergei Selyanov and Anton Melnik and stars [[Tadanobu Asano]], [[Su
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  • | country = {{KAZ}} ...erk]] on 29 July 2012 at the [[2012 Summer Olympics|2012 London Olympics]] by lifting 131&nbsp;kg.<ref name=london2012>{{cite web|title=Zulfiya Chinshanl
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  • | country = ...roduct]] similar to ''[[kefir]]'', but is produced from a liquid [[starter culture]], in contrast to the solid ''kefir'' "grains". Because mare's milk contain
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  • ...ls for transportation, clothing, and food.<ref>"Kazakhstan," Food in Every Country, accessed April 18, 2011, ...The cooking techniques and major ingredients have been strongly influenced by the nation's [[Nomad|nomadic]] way of life. For example, most cooking techn
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  • | country = [[Turkmenistan]] and [[Kazakhstan]] ...and lyophilized form — a characteristic which is (reputedly) unaffected by shelf life.
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  • ...sturgeon)|Beluga]], [[Ossetra]] and [[Sevruga]] caviars). Depending on the country, ''caviar'' may also be used to describe the roe of other [[Fish (food)|fis ...Caviar is the eggs or roe of sturgeon preserved with salt. It is prepared by removing the egg masses from freshly caught fish and passing them carefully
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  • | country = [[Afghan cuisine|Afghanistan]], [[Armenian cuisine|Armenia]], [[ ...ained yogurt]] (in particular, drained [[qatiq]]) or drained [[sour milk]] by forming it and letting it dry. It can be made in a variety of forms, inclu
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  • ...ada — up-to-date information on recent developments, as well as history, culture and traditions, of Kazakhstan; includes information about getting visas [[Category:Lists of newspapers by country|Kazakhstan]]
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  • ...n.tengrinews.kz |date=19 January 2012 |accessdate=23 November 2014}}</ref> By 2013, [[Kazakhstan]] officials reported Internet penetration levels of 62.2 ...access the [[Internet]] by [[Dial-up Internet access|dial-up]], 15 percent by means of [[Asymmetric digital subscriber line|ADSL]], and 6 percent using s
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  • All media must to register with the Ministry of Culture, Information and Sports, with the exception{{Citation needed|date=April 201 ...printing press]]es refused to print the publication after a failed attempt by a government representative to buy a controlling stake in ''Respublika'' in
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  • ...nd in the [[Bayan-Ölgii Province]] of [[Mongolia]]. Kazakh is also spoken by many ethnic Kazakhs through the former [[Soviet Union]] (approximately 500, ...bayev ordered the authorities to transcribe the Kazakh alphabet into Latin by the end of the year, thereby signalling the end of the Cyrillic alphabet as
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  • ...ional content in the [[Kazakh language]]. "Wiki" - means content generated by users, "Bilim" means knowledge. The organization was founded as a non-profit public foundation by [[Rauan Kenzhekhanuly]], Timur Muktarov, Nartay Ashim and Marat Isbayev in
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  • |country = [[Kazakhstan]] ...st meeting of the New University of Astana’s Board of Directors, chaired by Prime Minister Karim Masimov.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://online.zakon.kz/Doc
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  • ...The competition is traditionally held with the support of the Ministry of Culture of Kazakhstan. Since 2015 Agency San Bell announced that from that year on *{{ref label|note01|b|}} Symbat Madyarova was replaced by Asselina Kuchukova (Miss Almaty) to be Miss Universe and Miss World Kazakhs
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  • | country ={{flag|Kazakhstan}} | for = Merit in the fields of economics, science, culture, social issues, and education.
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  • | country ={{flag|Kazakhstan}} | for = Merit in the fields of science, culture, literature and art, as well as statesmen and public figures, defenders of
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  • ...cial activities; in the development of economy, social sphere, science and culture; in the state, law enforcement and military service, the development of dem ...command and control, high combat readiness of the troops and ensuring the country's defense; or for the excellent organization of military, external and inte
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  • ...ц Рубо - Игра Кокпар.jpg|thumb|right|450px| Playing Kokpar by [[Franz Roubaud]] ]] ...aras]], [[Tajiks]], and [[Turkmens]]. In the West, the game is also played by [[Afghan people|Afghan]] [[Turkish people|Turks]] (ethnic [[Kyrgyz people|K
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  • |country = {{KAZ}} ...Socialist Republic|Soviet Kazakhstan]]. The original lyrics were modified by [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]], the [[President of Kazakhstan]], before the decre
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  • ...ll as in countries where communism is [[Bans on Communist symbols|banned]] by the official law. ...lishment of a Socialist International. This was unveiled in 1914 and flown by the [[Irish Citizen Army]] during the 1916 [[Easter Rising]].
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  • [[Hindus]] in [[Kazakhstan]] are mainly of the [[ISKCON]] sect and by expatriate Hindus from India. ...mpany|Ispat]] International, a Soviet era steel plant which was taken over by the NRI businessman Shri L.N. Mittal. The plant, now called [[Ispat Karmet]
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  • ...filiated with the "Spiritual Association of Muslims of Kazakhstan", headed by a supreme [[mufti]].<ref>[http://www.religions-congress.org/content/view/12 The country is multiethnic, with a long tradition of tolerance and secularism.{{Citatio
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  • ...s then part of the [[Soviet Union]], and a small number still live in that country. ...[[Bukhara]] and [[Baghdad]], though none of them have ever been inhabited by a majority of Kyrgyz people nor included in a Kyrgyz territory.
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  • ...ArticleID=454 2004 archive KAZAKHSTAN: Week by Week News Bulletin Released by the Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the State of Israel]</ref> ...the Republic of Kazakhstan|National Security Committee]] claimed that the country's Ministry of Defense knowingly bought faulty artillery and defense systems
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  • ...f> Geographically speaking, Kazakhstan is the northernmost Muslim-majority country in the world. Kazakhs make up over half of the total population, and other ...18th century, Russian influence rapidly increased toward the region. Led by [[Catherine the Great|Catherine]], the Russians initially demonstrated a wi
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  • {{Culture of Kazakhstan}} ...ain symbolic value in Kazakh culture. Kazakh culture is largely influenced by the Turkic [[Nomad|nomadic]] lifestyle.
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  • {{Infobox song contest country ...g Contest]]. Kazakhstan won the contest in 2014 when they were represented by [[Zhanar Dugalova]] who sang "Izin korem".
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  • | Country = Kazakhstan ...|accessdate=29 May 2015|date=29 May 2015}}</ref> The winner was be decided by [[Televoting|SMS voting]]. Songs must be in the national language [[Kazakh
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  • |subdivision_type = Country ...97, the government relocated the capital to [[Astana]] in the north of the country.
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  • | country = [[Kazakhstan]] Tengiz is operated by [[Tengizchevroil]], a 40-year partnership planning to produce billions of b
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  • | birth_place = [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] ...glarize them. In 1974, in [[Butyrka prison]] he was "crowned" i.e. awarded by criminal brotherhood the title of [[Thief in law|vor v zakone]] ([[thief in
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  • ...with respective rituals and tattoos) by consensus of several ''Vors''. Vor culture is inseparable from [[prison gang|prison organized crime]]: only repeatedly ...factor which controlled society. The criminal culture with its own slang, culture and laws became known as ''Vorovskoy Mir'' ({{lang-ru|воровской м
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  • ...which is a largely taboo subject in Georgia's ultra-conservative religious culture. ...isi]], [[Batumi]], [[Poti]], [[Kutaisi]] and [[Gori, Georgia|Gori]]. Upset by images of graphic prisoner abuse, protestors demanded justice and promised
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  • {{Infobox country languages | country = Kazakhstan
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  • | country = [[Kazakhstan]] ...gogical Institute. The University was granted a special status of national by the Presidential Decree from 5 July 2001, ''“considering the significant
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  • {{Infobox country demographics | country = Kazakhstan
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  • [[Kazakhstan]] is multiethnic country where the indigenous ethnic group - the [[Kazakhs]], comprise the majority ...ongol]] tribes united to establish the [[Kazakh Khanate]]. With a cohesive culture and a national identity, they constituted absolute majority on the land unt
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  • ...of the population. Today they live mostly in the northeastern part of the country between the cities of [[Astana]] and [[Oskemen]], the majority being urban ...e subject to imposed [[cultural assimilation]] into the [[Russians|Russian culture]]. The methods to achieve that goal included the prohibition of public use
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  • ...s|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203093043/http://belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya-statistika/otrasli-statistiki/naselenie/demografiya_2/curre ...–768,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/countries/US|title=Country: United States: Belarusians|work=Joshua Project|date=2016|accessdate=23 May
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  • ...uent emigration to Russia and Ukraine, this number had declined to 796,000 by 1998 and 456,997 in the 2009 census.<ref name = "Coordinating">[http://www. ...ers of paramilitary Ukrainian peasant and [[Cossack]] bands, who were sent by the Russian government to Kazakhstan after their failed [[Koliyivschyna|upr
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  • ...zakhstan have either been assimilated into Kazakh society or have left the country.<ref>{{Harvnb|Akiner|1983|loc=381}}.</ref> ...of Meskhetian Turks were formed in Kazakhstan and they were not permitted by the Georgian government of [[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]] to return to their homela
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  • ...0; among those, as many as 100,000 did not survive the first winter in the country.<ref>{{harvnb|Iglicka|1998|pp=998–999}}</ref> ...igration procedures, allowing any ethnic Pole from abroad to settle in the country upon receiving an invitation from a company or association.<ref>{{harvnb|Gr
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  • ...Horde as a result of his decision. The Russians conquered the Middle Horde by 1798, but the Great Horde managed to remain independent until the 1820s, wh By 1917 there were close to a million Russians in Kazakhstan, about 30% of the
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  • ...known as [[Karafuto Prefecture]]) in order to fill labour shortages caused by [[World War II]].<ref name=Byong>{{cite news|last=Ban|first=Byung-yool|titl ...a few (mainly those who have studied Standard Korean) refer to themselves by this name; instead, Koryo-saram has come to be the preferred term.<ref name
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  • ...s|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706163803/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/en/census/2009/main.php|archivedate=6 July 2011}}</ref> ...sis/e/bevoe/bevoetab10.htm|title=Foreign population on 31 December 2004 by country of origin|date=24 January 2006|accessdate=5 August 2007|work=Federal Statis
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  • ...t China in the 1800s|Muslims in China that are sometimes still referred to by this name in Central Asian languages|Hui people}} ...ral/nationality/ |title=About number and composition population of Ukraine by data All-Ukrainian census of the population 2001 |work=Ukraine Census 2001
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  • The following table shows the number of Armenians in each Central Asian country according to Soviet censuses from 1926 to 1989, and censuses taken place af | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Country'''
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  • ...he [[sex chromosome]], Gagauzes are most proximal to Macedonians, followed by [[Greek Macedonia]]ns apart from [[Thessaloniki]], and others such as [[Bul ...azil]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Belarus]], [[Estonia]], [[Latvia]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Turkey]],<ref>http://russia.rin.ru/guides_e/7369.html</ref> a
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  • ...e=March 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}: Distribution of population by nationality. Retrieved on 23 April 2009 </ref> ...oha.com/2015/04/uae-population-by-nationality |title=UAE´s population – by nationality |work=BQ Magazine |date=12 April 2015 |accessdate=12 July 2015
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  • The largest group by far that the Russians have called "Tatars" are the [[Volga Tatars]], native ...tp://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Altera/tatars.html Dada 韃靼 Tatars]" by Ulrich Theobald, chinaknowledge.de.</ref><!-- also written 達打, 達靼,
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  • ...pis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/tab5.xls Russian Census 2010: Population by ethnicity] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424000000/htt ...United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees |url=http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,AUT,,5139cf902,0.html |title=Continuing Human Rights Abuses Force Cheche
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  • ...pis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/tab5.xls Russian Census 2010: Population by ethnicity] {{ru icon}}</ref> ...eral/nationality/|title=About number and composition population of Ukraine by data All-Ukrainian census of the population 2001|work=Ukraine Census 2001|p
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  • ...State Statistics Committee of Ukraine: The distribution of the population by nationality and mother tongue]</ref> ...tem of government. In the 13th century, Kara-Khanid Khanate was destroyed by the Turkic [[Khwarazmian dynasty]], a vassal of the Qara Khitai.
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  • '''Uyghurs in Kazakhstan''' form [[Kazakhstan|the country]]'s 7th-largest ethnic group, according to the 1999 census.<ref name="Censu ...rnment closed the Xinjiang&ndash;Kazakh SSR border, both to prevent flight by ethnic minorities, and to prevent the penetration of Soviet secret agents i
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  • ....<ref name="Kueppers">{{citation|url=http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/culture/articles/eav042203.shtml |title= Ethnic Kazakhs Find Titular Homeland to be ...=Vivian }}</ref> The government prefers to settle them in the north of the country, and offers them more benefits; however, returnees themselves prefer region
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  • {{About|the East Slavic ethnic group, regardless of country of citizenship|all citizens of Russia, regardless of ethnicity|Citizenship ...y|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111042053/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/en/census/2009/main.php |archivedate=11 January 2010}}</ref>{{Failed
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  • ...a picture of medieval Europe at the close of the Crusading period, painted by a keenly intelligent, broadminded and statesmanlike observer. His travels o ...agha, but the Ilkhanate ruler died before their arrival, and was succeeded by his son, [[Arghun Khan]].
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  • ...injiang]] (新疆, meaning "new frontier") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led [[Qing dynasty]] in 1759. Xinjiang is now a part of the [[Pe ...l map showing the separation of Dzungaria and the Tarim Basin (Taklamakan) by the Tien Shan Mountains]]
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  • ...or ''Xīlǎgǔr''. During the [[Qing dynasty]], the Yugur were also called by a term that included "fān", the Classical Chinese term for Tibetic ethnic ...ctised [[Manichaeism]] and [[Buddhism]] in numerous temples throughout the country.
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  • |subdivision_type = Country ...126.</ref><ref>Bonavia, Judy. ''The Silk Road: Xi'an to Kashgar.'' Revised by Christopher Baumer (2004), pp. 306-319. Odyssey Publications. ISBN 962-217-
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  • ''Uyghur'' is often pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|w|iː|g|ər}} by English speakers, though an acceptable English pronunciation closer to the ...tory because the sound shift ð/ḏ > y did not appear to have taken place by this time.{{sfn|Golden|1992|p=155}} The etymology therefore cannot be accur
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  • ...nt2=[[Khoja (Turkestan)|Aq Taghlik Khojas]] (Afaqi Khojas)<br/>''Supported by'':<br/>[[Kokand Khanate]] ...4"/><br/>[[Khoja Kichik Khan]]<br/>[[Khoja Tawakkul Khan]]<br/>''Supported by'':<br/>Muhammad Ali Khan
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  • | caption = Viktor Tsoi in 1986, photo by [[Igor Mukhin]] ...eceived little or no funding and were not given any exposure by the media. By this time Tsoi had begun to perform the songs he wrote at parties.
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  • ...ent to communist values.{{sfn|Gabroussenko|2005|p=56}} After a remark made by [[Kim Jong-il]] on his 2001 visit to Russia, [[North Korean media]] has ref ...]] when the [[Red Army]] [[Soviet invasion of Manchuria|entered in 1945]]. By that time, he had substantial experience with [[Soviet literature]] and lit
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  • ...tical reforms to position [[Kazakhstan]] among the top 30 global economies by 2050.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kazakhstan 2050 Strategy Leads to Government Res ....<ref>{{cite web|title=Kazakhstan Overview|url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/kazakhstan/overview|website=www.worldbank.org}}</ref>
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  • | subdivision_type = Country ...blishment to the exploitation of a complex-ore deposit, discovered in 1791 by a local inhabitant, G. G. Zyrianov. Zyrianovsk has a lead combinat (divisio
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  • | subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...[[kumis]].<ref>Through Russian central Asia. By Stephen Graham. Published by The Macmillan Company, 1916</ref>
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  • |subdivision_type = Country ...–010015<ref>{{cite web|url=http://postalcodedb.com/AlphabeticSearch.aspx?country=Kazakhstan&city=Astana |title=Postal Code for Astana, Kazakhstan |accessdat
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  • | country = [[Kazakhstan]] | suffragans = <!-- List most senior first (usually reckoned by date of consecration); use | suffragan = for one -->
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  • ...ash;in the late 1980s he founded one of the first cooperative banks in the country. By 2007, Russneft was in the top-10 for Russian oil companies, with oil produc
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  • |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...к}}). The former name is still commonly used in the Russian language, and by [[Russians in Kazakhstan]].<ref>https://lenta.ru/articles/2016/06/06/aktobe
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  • |subdivision_type = Country ...ge=Russian|accessdate=17 December 2011}}</ref> It is completely surrounded by the territory of [[Karakiya District]], but administratively does not belon
    12 KB (1,518 words) - 20:13, 27 April 2017
  • |subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] ...In 1853, during the [[Russian conquest of Turkestan]], the fort was taken by Russian troops under General [[Vasily Perovsky]].<ref name="Pospelov" /> Th
    13 KB (1,707 words) - 20:13, 27 April 2017
  • | subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] Kostanay was founded by Russian settlers in 1879 and named Nikolaevsk, in honor of [[Tsar Nicholas
    9 KB (1,208 words) - 20:13, 27 April 2017
  • |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...water, food, goods, tools etc. - the result of numerous mistakes committed by the administration. Clashes took their toll. Workers: 16 fatalities, 27 wou
    7 KB (817 words) - 20:13, 27 April 2017
  • |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...y district. Of these, the largest ethnic group is Kazakh (96.2%), followed by Russian (2.23%), and Ukrainian (0.49%).
    26 KB (3,973 words) - 20:13, 27 April 2017

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