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From Kazakhstan Encyclopedia

  • ...s. All the company's oil went through [[oil refinery|refineries]] owned by Central Asian Industrial Holdings N.V. (CAIH), a Dutch-registered offshore affiliat ...l industry and in Central Asia. He became CEO and negotiated a merger with Central Asian Industrial Holdings N.V. From mid-October 1999 to 2000 Hurricane acqu
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  • ...trategic geographical location to control oil and gas flows from [[Central Asia]] to East ([[China]]) and West ([[Russia]], global market). On January 1, 2013, Kazakhstan became the first country in Central Asia to launch an economy-wide carbon [[Emissions trading|emissions system]] to
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  • | publisher = Asia Times | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-20251682
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  • ...uge|1520mm}} [[Russian gauge|broad gauge]] railway that connects [[Central Asia]] with [[Siberia]]. It starts north of [[Tashkent]] in [[Uzbekistan]] at [[ ...ranch would enhance Russia's military and economic presence on the [[China|Chinese]] border.
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  • ...elopment policies, the demography of the region has altered - ethnic [[Han Chinese]] population of the region has risen to 40% or 7.5 million people of the to [[Amnesty International]] reports that "The Chinese government’s use of the term "separatism" refers to a broad range of acti
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  • ...94-bcfb2772a5e9.html Five Years After 9/11: Crackdowns loom behind Central Asia's War On Terror] RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty</ref><ref name=RUSSIALIKE>[ht ...slamic Movement of Uzbekistan]], [[Hizb ut-Tahrir al-Islami]], [[Jamaat of Central Asian Mujahedins]], [[Islamic Party of Eastern Turkestan]], [[Kurdistan Wor
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  • ...d Tekeli|the American university in Bishkek|American University of Central Asia}} |name = University of Central Asia
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  • ...atai language|Chagatai]], which served as the [[lingua franca]] of Central Asia at that time. ...so English language literature, Walikhanov traveled extensively in Central Asia in the late 1850s.<ref name="Futrell, Michael 1979 p. 20">Futrell, Michael.
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  • ...ov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/kazakhstan?profile=all UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, ''Kazakh ...1=Thomas |year=2015 |title=Explaining recent fertility increase in Central Asia |journal=Asian Population Studies |publisher=Routledge |url=http://www.tand
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  • ...lands of northern Kazakhstan, causing many Kazakhs to move eastwards into Chinese territory in search of new grazing grounds. ...an sphere of influence. This diverse demography stemmed from the country's central location and its historical use by Russia as a place to send colonists, [[d
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  • |group=Chinese people in Kazakhstan |related-c=[[Overseas Chinese]]
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  • ...mer [[Soviet Union]], primarily in the now-independent states of [[Central Asia]]. There are also large Korean communities in southern [[Russia]] (around [ ===Deportation to Central Asia===
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  • ...800s|Muslims in China that are sometimes still referred to by this name in Central Asian languages|Hui people}} |related-c = [[Hui people|Hui]], [[Chinese people]]
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  • | languages = [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Chinese language|Mandarin]] ...part of Eastern Europe [[Ural mountains]] and northern parts of [[Central Asia]] (largely [[Kazakhstan]], but also found in parts of [[Uzbekistan]], [[Chi
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  • ...l.britannica.com">http://global.britannica.com/topic/Tatar</ref> living in Asia and Europe who were one of the five major tribal confederations (''khanlig' ...ار. Tatars themselves wrote their name as تاتار or طاطار. The Chinese term for Tatars was ''Dada'' 韃靼, especially after the end of the [[Yuan
    39 KB (5,526 words) - 20:04, 27 April 2017
  • ...ins. Mongol thesis, according to which etymology can be traced back to the Chinese "Ta-Tan" or "Da-Dan", is more widely accepted than Turkic one.<ref name="ro ...ions, significant number of Volga-Ural Tatars live in [[Siberia]], Central Asia, and the Caucasus. Outside of Tatarstan, urban Tatars usually speak [[Russ
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  • | image = File:Uzbek man from central Uzbekistan.jpg ...,637 (July 2013 est.) [Uzbeks = 80%]|publisher=[[The World Factbook]]|work=Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)|accessdate=10 June 2013}}</ref>
    55 KB (7,944 words) - 20:04, 27 April 2017
  • |related = [[Chinese people in Kazakhstan]] ...no-Soviet split]] and [[Sino-Soviet border conflict|border conflict]], the Chinese government closed the Xinjiang&ndash;Kazakh SSR border, both to prevent fli
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  • ''Oralman'' from China form the majority of teachers of the Chinese language at [[List of universities in Kazakhstan|universities in Kazakhstan ...Akbota"/> For instance, the Kazakh language differs quite a lot from other central asian languages and so also from their structure of alphabet.<ref name="Akb
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  • ...Newsru.com |date= |accessdate=2012-07-22}}</ref> who lived in modern north-central European Russia and were partly assimilated by the [[Slavs]] as the Slavs m ...[Doukhobor]]s in [[Canada]], emigrated as religious dissidents fleeing the central authority.
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  • ...nal|title=Twentieth-century China|author=University of Michigan Center for Chinese Studies |author2=Ohio State University East Asian Studies Center|publisher= ...t the [[Tarim mummies]] indicate that the Uyghurs were "older than [[China|Chinese civilization]] itself", and that the Uyghurs invented [[Four Great Inventio
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  • {{Chinese | publisher=[[Radio Free Asia]]
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  • ...hs]] and [[Kyrgyz people|Kyrgyz]]; its anti-[[Hui people|Hui]], anti-[[Han Chinese|Han]], and anti-[[communism|communist]] policies, declared in its [[declara He stayed in Nanjing, and then fled to [[Chongqing]] with the Chinese government when Japan invaded. He lived there along with several other Uygh
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  • Ehmetjan was born in Ghulja ([[Yining City|Yining]] in Chinese) in 1914. He studied at the [[Communist University of the Toilers of the Ea
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  • ...gma were recorded in [[Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]], and [[China|Chinese]] accounts as a prominent and powerful political entity in the [[Tarim Basi ...s and Early Islam|year = 1990|title = The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia|editor-last = Sinor|editor-first = Denis|pages = 355–357 |publisher = Cam
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  • ...BITIG]</ref> was a political alliance of nine [[Turkic tribes]] in [[Inner Asia]], during the [[early Middle Ages]]. Toquz Oghuz was consolidated within th ...other tribes.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia |author=Colin Mackerras |chapter= Chapter 12 - The Uighurs |editor = Denis
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  • ...mperial powers of the time sponsored archaeological expeditions to Central Asia, including Britain, Russia, Germany, France and Japan.<ref>{{cite book|last ...F. R.|title=Three further collections of ancient manuscripts from Central Asia|journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal|year=1887|volume=66|pages=
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  • ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F ...y-on-uyghur-politics/ |journal=Uyghur Initiative Papers |publisher=Central Asia Program |volume= |issue=11 |pages=2 |doi= |access-date= }}</ref>
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  • ...[China]] resulted in an economic blockade of the region, which allowed the Chinese to eventually emerge victorious. A campaign against the [[Mirza Abu Bakr Du <ref>The Tarikh-i-Rashidi: a history of the Moghuls of central Asia by Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat; Editor: N. Elias,Translated by Sir Edward
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  • | caption =Central Asia around 1450 A.D. ...nyin]]: ''Hazhi Ali'') ({{lang-ug|ھاجى علي|}}), of the contemporary Chinese records.<ref name=bio>{{harvnb|Rossabi|1976}}</ref><ref name="Rossabi2014">
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  • ...rchants who had escaped after they were sold by Jahangir's Army in Central Asia and sent them back to China.{{sfn|Millward|1998|p=285}} ...ame="Lansdell1894">{{cite book|author=Henry Lansdell|title=Chinese Central Asia A Ride to Little Tibet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dWlCAAAAIAAJ|y
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  • ...es to the 2nd millennium BC. There have been many empires, primarily [[Han Chinese]], [[Turkic people|Turkic]], and [[Mongols|Mongol]], that have ruled over t ...Chinese, multicultural, settled by Han and Hui, and separated from Central Asia for over a century and a half.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=FW8SB
    347 KB (52,725 words) - 20:04, 27 April 2017
  • ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F ...20ahmad%20jan%202500&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • |nationality= [[Republic of China|Chinese]] ...25514-7|page=43|pages=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref> and also spoke fluent Chinese.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GXj4a3gss8wC&pg=PA74
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  • ...n Map 1 in Kim (2004), before p. 1; it's 赛里木 (''Sailimu'') on modern Chinese maps.</ref> ...en in the [[Chagatai language]]&mdash;the old literary language of Central Asia, which can be thought of as an ancestral form of today's [[Uyghur language|
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  • ...=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/FK04Ad02.html |date=2009-08-01 }}, ''[[Asia Times]]'', November 4, 2004</ref> ...O). The IMU is a coalition of Islamic militants from Uzbekistan and other Central Asian states opposed to Uzbekistani {{Sic}} President Islom Karimov's secul
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  • |continent = Asia |common_languages = [[Chinese language]], [[Uyghur language]] (Turki)
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  • ...20beg%20niyas%20ally&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F | battles = [[Chinese Civil War]]
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  • {{Chinese ...ear=1998|page=100}}</ref> In October, the [[Chinese Revolution (1949)|1949 Chinese revolution]] brought the Communists to power [[Peaceful Liberation of Xinji
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  • ...el%20tao-yin%20oasis&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • ...accepted some of his relatives as students in Nanjing after he joined the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang.<ref name="BoormanHoward1967">{{cite ...onal Political Council), the only other Muslim member was the [[Hui people|Chinese Muslim]] General [[Ma Lin (warlord)|Ma Lin]].<ref name="BoormanHoward1967"/
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  • ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F ...g of Sinkiang in 1934-1944 years. Symbolizes 6 great principles of rule by chinese warlord [[Sheng Shicai]]- kinship with the Soviet Union, struggle against i
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  • ...cut%20off%20spike%20&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F [[Category:Executed Chinese people]]
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  • ...1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/29/world/asia/china-yugurs-gansu.html | newspaper = [[New York Times]] | date = September
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  • ...led several rebellions in [[Xinjiang]] against the [[Kumul Khanate]], the Chinese governor [[Jin Shuren]], and later the [[Hui people|Hui]] warlord [[Ma Chun ...l, local Uyghur self-defense groups. After the [[Russian Civil War#Central Asia 4|Russian Civil War came to Semiryechye]], Hoja Niyaz met Uyghur revolution
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  • ...20revolution%20sabit&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F ...20amir%20abdullah%20&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. F
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  • {{Chinese|uig=ئۆركەش دۆلەت|uyy=Ɵrkəx Dɵlət|usy=Өркәш Дөләт|u ...of his name: {{zh|s=吾尔开希|t=吾爾開希|p=Wú'ěrkāixī}}), is a Chinese dissident of [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]] heritage known for his leading role during
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  • ...site = [http://www.hts.gov.cn Hotan Government Website (in Chinese)] |blank4_info = [[Uyghur language|Uyghur]], [[Standard Chinese]]
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  • |regions = [[Central Asia]] ...}), were a nomadic confederation of [[Turkic peoples]] in medieval [[Inner Asia]]. The Göktürks, under the leadership of [[Bumin Qaghan]] (d. 552) and hi
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  • {{Chinese ...://arkenmusic.com |title=Arken Music |author=Arken Music Network |language=Chinese |access-date=30 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="ccprojects">{{cite web |url=htt
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