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| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kazakhstan ...romoney.com/article.asp?ArticleID=1856080 |publisher=euromoney.com}}</ref> In 2012, the airport handled 4,003,004 passengers, including 1,997,570 arrivin

| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kazakhstan ..., Kazakhstan {{airport codes|SCO|UATE}}. The airport started operations in 1993 after the collapse of the [[Soviet Union]] and bears the name Shevchenko-Ce

| caption = View of the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi in Turkestan, Kazakhstan. | map_caption = Location in Kazakhstan

{{for|the novel by [[James A. Michener]]|The Voice of Asia}} [[File:VoiceofAsiaDoor.JPG|thumb|VOA's head office in Almaty]]

| seasons = [[1992–93 FIS Ski Jumping World Cup|1993]]<br>[[1994–95 FIS Ski Jumping World Cup|1995]]–[[2004–05 FIS Ski Jum ...in the 1990s. Funaki is known for his special variant of the [[V-style]], in which the body lies flatter between the skis than usual.

...itle]], bestowed to the winning ice hockey team in [[Kazakhstan]], founded in 1992. ...f the President Begins|url=http://astanatimes.com/2015/08/ice-palace-opens-in-astana-as-hockey-tournament-cup-of-the-president-begins/|website=http://ast

...e = ru}}</ref> they were renamed to '''Urozhai''' in 1955 and '''Kairat''' in 1956.<ref name="History" /> The club's home ground is the [[Central Stadium ...USSR]]. Kairat is considered to be one of the most popular football clubs in Kazakhstan.

{{MedalTableTop|JO Atlanta 1996 - Saut à la perche.jpg|250px|Igor Potapovich in [[Atlanta]] 1996}} ...ndoor Championships]] and became the indoor World Champion two years later in 1997.

| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1993|10|18}} '''Zarina Diyas''' ({{lang-kk|Зарина Диас}}; born 18 October 1993) is a Kazakhstani [[tennis]] player.

...ng on Integration and Nation Building|first=Pal|last=Kolsto|journal=Europe-Asia Studies|volume=50|date=January 1998|pages=51–69|issue=1|publisher=Taylor ...riter of the paper, claimed that [[Uyghurs in Kazakhstan|Uyghur immigrants in Kazakhstan]] were separatists and terrorists; it drew severe criticism from

...ang-ru|Рашид Мусаевич Нугманов}}; born March 19, 1954 in [[Alma Ata]], [[Kazakhstan]]) is a [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]] [[film director]], [[ ...to [[Los Angeles]] to [[Tokyo]], and was awarded the Prix Special du Jury in [[Valenciennes]], France. The film marked the end of both the Kazakh New Wa

| launch = 1 March 1993 | former names = '''Tsesna''' (1993–2000)<br>'''AsTV''' (2000–2004)<br>'''Astana''' (2004–2012)

| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] |time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]]

...cked many Oscar prognosticators when the obscure ''Kelin'' was shortlisted in 2010 over better-known films for Italy, Korea, Norway and others. Ultimatel | align="center" | [[1992 in film|1992]]<br /><small>[[65th Academy Awards|(65th)]]</small>

...' refers to the [[film industry]] based in [[Kazakhstan]]. [[Film|Cinema]] in Kazakhstan can be traced back to the early 20th century. Today, Kazakhstan ...rrie, Maureen. ''The Cult of Ivan the Terrible in Stalin's Russia (Studies in Russian and Eastern European History and Society) ''. New York: Palgrave, 2

...urmukhambetova-anna-1133468/ London 2012 profile]</ref> She finished fifth in the [[Weightlifting at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 69 kg|69kg even [[Category:1993 births]]

| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1993|12|22}} ...Summer Olympics]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]], where she captured a silver medal in the [[Weightlifting at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 69 kg|69 kg eve

| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1993|7|25}} ...tch: 98 kg (2014)|Clean and jerk: 134 kg (2014, '''[[List of world records in Olympic weightlifting|WR]]''')|Total: 232 kg (2014)}}

...Brings India's Heat to the Backyard | date=10 May 2011}}</ref> as well as in the [[Caucasus]].<ref name="Raichlen">{{cite news|last=Raichlen|first=Steve Temperatures in a tandoor can approach 480&nbsp;°C (900&nbsp;°F), and it is common for ta

..., ''master's'', and ''doctoral'' degree curricula. Most classes are taught in English and strive to create and transfer knowledge relevant to Central Asi ...he first class, consisting of 81 MBA and MA students, graduated from KIMEP in 1994.<ref name="History of KIMEP">[http://www.kimep.kz/about/history Histor

...[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] |accessdate=2008-01-25}}</ref> In 2011, it had 1,223 members.<ref name="Census_2010">{{cite web |title=Trienn ...couting]] was not introduced to the region during the [[History of Central Asia#Return of indigenous rule|khanate period of the pre-Soviet era]].

...emier League]], and the [[Kazakhstan national football team]]. It is based in [[Almaty]]. ...n Kazakhstan being regarded as the "king of sports", occupying first place in sport fans' preferences.

| for = Merit in the fields of economics, science, culture, social issues, and education. | established = 1993

| for = Merit in the fields of science, culture, literature and art, as well as statesmen an | established = 1993

| WG played = <!-- leave blank if never played in WG --> ...ed by the [[Kazakhstan Tennis Federation]]. They currently compete in the Asia/Oceania Zone of Group I.

| recognized = 1993 ...]] representing [[Kazakhstan]]. It is a member of the [[Olympic Council of Asia]].

| commander-in-chief = [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] | commander-in-chief_title =

...as a military alliance. Uzbekistan rejoined the CSTO in 2006 but withdrew in 2012. ...|archivedate=27 February 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> It suspended its membership in 2012. The CSTO is an observer organization at the [[United Nations General

...the [[Sport governing body|governing body]] for the [[sport]] of [[judo]] in [[Kazakhstan]]. The Judo Federation in Kazakhstan was established in 1973. The beginning of the second stage of judo development is connected wi

...transl|ru|''Kommunisticheskaya partiya Sovetskogo Soyuza''}}), abbreviated in English as '''CPSU''',{{efn|Sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist P ...rty]]), a revolutionary group led by [[Vladimir Lenin]] which seized power in the aftermath of the [[October Revolution]] of 1917. The party was dissolve

...=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-09-08}}</ref> In April 2015, Nazarbayev [[Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015|was re-ele ...esided over an authoritarian regime.<ref name="dissent"/> No election held in [[Kazakhstan]] since independence has met international standards.<ref name

== Career in Soviet Union == ...iplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR in Moscow in a training course for senior diplomats.

...sia and Belarus, transformed into the [[Eurasian Economic Community]] then in 2015 into the [[Eurasian Economic Union]]. President Nazarbayev has priorit ...</ref> Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region.<ref name=TW1>{{cite web|tit

...{Citation |publisher = UNESCO |title = History of Civilizations of Central Asia |volume=6 |publication-date = 2005 |location=Paris }}</ref> * 1918 - Soviets in power; city becomes part of the [[Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Rep

This is the list of [[football (soccer)|football]] clubs (teams) in [[Kazakhstan]]. #[[FC Dostyk]], [[Almaty]] 1993

...dor]] in [[New Delhi]]''' is the official representative of the Government in [[Astana]] to the Government of [[India]]. ...opened in 1992 in Almaty and Kazakhstan opened its Embassy in New Delhi in 1993.

| caption =Participation in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ...read of [[nuclear weapon]]s and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of [[Nuclear technology|nuclear energy]], and to further

...rate]]s, [[benzodiazepine]]s, and [[Psychedelic drug|psychedelics]] signed in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]] on 21 February 1971. The [[Single Convention on Nar ...ry on the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Commentary, published in 1976, is an invaluable aid to interpreting the treaty and constitutes a key

...to the convention include almost the full Americas, Europe, large parts of Asia, Oceania, and about 50% of Africa ...]], it applies to arbitrations which are not considered as domestic awards in the state where recognition and enforcement is sought. Though other interna

| date_effective = 1 July 1993 (revised version 1 january 1999) ...dum of Understanding]] and came into effect on 1 July 1993 and was amended in January 1999. It was the first MoU to be concluded under the auspices of th

...lt=World map, with Kazakhstan in green|Location of Kazakhstan in [[Central Asia]]]] ...stan. Modern ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' appeared from 40,000 to 12,000 years ago in southern, central, and eastern Kazakhstan. After the end of the [[last glac

...mi-[[Eurasian nomads|nomadic]] [[Eurasian Steppe|steppe]] people mentioned in [[China|Chinese]] records from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD. ...re last mentioned by the Chinese as having settled the [[Pamir Mountains]] in the 5th century AD. They possibly became subsumed into the later [[Hephthal

...|year=1997|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|isbn=978-1-57506-020-0|page=284|quote=In the Middle Persian period (Parthian and Sasanian Empires), Aramaic was the ...an language|Parthian]] (administration, until the late 3rd-century) spoken in the north and east, and by the [[seven Parthian clans]]){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|

...]]n [[trade route]]s facilitated travel and trade between [[Europe]] and [[Asia]] by such groups as the [[Radhanites]] and the early [[Rus' (people)|Rus]]. The originator of the term is unknown but it was in use by scholars as early as the nineteenth century.

...es such as the [[Khazar Correspondence]], according to which at some point in the 8th–9th centuries, the ruling elite of the Khazars was said by [[Juda ...ate it.<ref name=rubin /> Despite skepticism, he reformulated the concept in 2016 by developing a novel method of genetic analysis that uses the fringe

|continent = Asia ...72|pp=25–71|}}. This figure has been calculated on the basis of the data in both Herlihy and Russell's work.</ref>

...e=2006-08-03|accessdate=2010-02-02|title=Kazakhstan's Intelligence Service in Disarray|last=McDermott|first=Roger N.}}</ref> or unofficially as the '''Ka ...tee of the Republic of Kazakhstan''' ('''NSC''') is an intelligence agency in [[Kazakhstan]].<ref name="CACI"/> It was founded on 13 July 1992.<ref>{{cit

...mation.<ref>{{citation|publisher=[[Baker & McKenzie]]|title=Doing Business in Kazakhstan|chapter=The Judicial System and Dispute Resolution|pages=86&ndas ...g with the new presidential decree "On the courts and the status of courts in the Republic of Kazakhstan" altered the structure of the judiciary and decr

...ht|Kairat Kelimbetov at the [[World Economic Forum]] on Europe and Central Asia 2011]] ...at time a Minister Kelimbetov announced that Kazakhstan's GDP grew by 9.1% in the last year.<ref name=GDP>[http://www.rferl.org/reports/centralasia/2005/

...[[Carl Friedrich von Ledebour]], a German naturalist who saw them growing in the [[Altai Mountains]]. ...ike domesticated varieties its leaves go red in autumn: 62.2% of the trees in the wild do this compared to only 2.8% of the regular apple plant or the