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...publisher= komunitetibektashi.org | url=http://www.komunitetibektashi.org/in.php?fq=brenda&gj=gj1&kid=1 ...arsi]]s)<ref name="www.iranicaonline.org">{{cite web|title=Nowruz observed in Indian subcontinent|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/nowruz-ii/|pu

| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] |time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]]

'''Asar''' (''All Together'') was a [[political party]] in [[Kazakhstan]]. ...ctober 2004, the party won 11.4% of the popular vote and 4 out of 77 seats in the [[Mazhilis]]. Following calls from its leader [[Dariga Nazarbayeva]] fo

{{Infobox Political Party ...transl|ru|''Kommunisticheskaya partiya Sovetskogo Soyuza''}}), abbreviated in English as '''CPSU''',{{efn|Sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist P

|predecessor = Position established ...=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-09-08}}</ref> In April 2015, Nazarbayev [[Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015|was re-ele

...sia and Belarus, transformed into the [[Eurasian Economic Community]] then in 2015 into the [[Eurasian Economic Union]]. President Nazarbayev has priorit ...n&id=132061</ref> Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region.<ref name=TW1>{

| image = NPT parties.svg | caption =Participation in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

| parties = 180 ...nvention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.svg|thumb|{{legend|#50C878|State parties to the Stockholm Convention as of 2016}}]]

...le="font-size:110%; line-height:1.4em;">Governments of [[opium]]-producing Parties are required to "purchase and take physical possession of such crops as soo | parties = 185<ref name="un-treaties"/>

...nt which establishes a multilateral framework for cross-border cooperation in the [[energy industry]]. The treaty covers all aspects of commercial energy ...arly-10 year long [[Yukos shareholders vs. Russia|Yukos]] case was decided in favor of the claimants on the basis of the Treaty, with a record-breaking $

| caption = {{legend|#00aa00|Parties to the convention}} | parties = 196<ref name=untreaty/> <small>(all eligible states except th

| caption = Parties and signatories to the ICESCR: | parties = 164

| date_signed = 6 October 1999<ref name=parties/> | location_signed = New York<ref name=parties/>

| date_drafted =31 October 2003 | date_signed = 9 December 2003

| name = United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances ...ritories of Parties where the treaty is not applied}} {{legend|#ff1111|Non-parties}}

...e = CEDAW Participation.svg|right|400px|thumb| Participation in the CEDAW | parties = 189 ([[List of parties to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against

| parties = 177<ref name=UNTC-CERD/> ...requires its parties to outlaw [[hate speech]] and criminalize membership in racist organizations.<ref name=Art4>ICERD, Article 4.</ref>

| name = International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights | caption = Parties and signatories of the ICCPR

| caption =<div style="text-align: left">{{legend|#008000|states parties}} | parties =173

...cal trouble shooting, negotiating and generic problem solving capability)] in Gesellschaftliche Komplexität und kollektive Handlungsfähigkeit (Societys ...ist of treaties by number of parties|first universally ratified treaties]] in United Nations history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unep.org/Documents.Mu

| image = Kyoto Protocol parties.svg ...ut binding targets}} {{legend|#EEEE00|Annex B parties with binding targets in the first period but which withdrew from the Protocol}} {{legend|orange|Sig

...through many territorial divisions before the current borders were created in the 1920s and 1930s. [[File:SovietCentralAsia1922.svg|right|250px|thumb|Map of Soviet Central Asia in 1922 with the Turkestan ASSR and the Kyrgyz ASSR]]

...|year=1997|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|isbn=978-1-57506-020-0|page=284|quote=In the Middle Persian period (Parthian and Sasanian Empires), Aramaic was the ...an language|Parthian]] (administration, until the late 3rd-century) spoken in the north and east, and by the [[seven Parthian clans]]){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|

...ve power]] is exercised by the government. [[Legislative power]] is vested in both the [[Forms of government|government]] and the two chambers of parliam ...isters in the Cabinet. [[Bakhytzhan Sagintayev]] became the Prime Minister in September 2016.

|caption=Brezhnev in [[East Berlin]] in 1967 |title=Other political offices held

...y)|Georgia]]. It is the second-longest [[Pipeline transport|oil pipeline]] in the former Soviet Union, after the [[Druzhba pipeline]]. The first oil that ...Ceyhan pipeline was signed between Azerbaijan and Turkey on 9 March 1993 in [[Ankara]].<ref name=dailynews2>

...ometer|MODIS]] on the orbiting [[Terra (satellite)|Terra satellite]], June 2003 ...a.int/esaEO/SEM5GYTLWFE_index_0.html|accessdate = 2007-05-25}}</ref> It is in an [[endorheic basin]] (a basin without outflows) located between [[Europe]

|otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations--> ...6-98/f96-98.htm The New Russia of Vladimir Zhirinovsky: Fascist Tendencies in the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia] ([[NATO]])</ref><ref name=abroadath

|established_event7 =EEU established ...n/|accessdate=5 August 2015|publisher=Russia Today}}</ref> It participated in the EAEU from the day of its establishment as an acceding state.<ref name=F

[[File:China-Xinjiang.png|thumb|200px|Xinjiang's location in the [[People's Republic of China]]]] ...ntier") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led [[Qing dynasty]] in 1759. Xinjiang is now a part of the [[People's Republic of China]], having

|region5={{flag|Turkey}} ([[Minorities_in_Turkey#Uyghurs|Uyghurs in Turkey]]) ...k Shichor|author2=East-West Center|title=Ethno-diplomacy, the Uyghur hitch in Sino-Turkish relations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IR4tAQAAIAAJ|y

...ov]], remained in detention after unfair trials ... Torture remains common in places of detention."<ref>[[Human Rights Watch]], [https://www.hrw.org/worl ...Guardian]]|date=11 March 2015|quote=Nazarbaev has clamped down on dissent in Kazakhstan, and the country has never held an election judged to be free or

...cularly in combination with [[hammer and sickle]]. It has been widely used in [[flag]]s, [[Nation state|state]] [[emblem]]s, [[monument]]s, [[Ornament (a ...ion|Communist Party]], along with, for example, the [[hammer and sickle]]. In Soviet heraldry, the red star symbolized the [[Red Army]] and the military