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...ainly in the Syr Darya valley and its tributuaries of Keles and Atysi. Its people appear to have [[Turkified]], becoming known as the [[Kankalis|Kangars]]. ...ype of coin, there is an "X" sign on the reverse side; these may originate from the mint of a local ruler. There is a suggestion that the coins of the seco

| finish = Horgos, [[Xinjiang]], [[China|People's Republic of China]]<br>(connected to [[West–East Gas Pipeline]]) ...ort|pipeline]] system from [[Central Asia]] to [[Xinjiang]] in the [[China|People's Republic of China]].

...import from Central Asia. It runs from [[Kazakhstan]]'s Caspian shore to [[Xinjiang]] in China. The pipeline is owned by the [[China National Petroleum Corpora ...elds to the [[Atyrau]] was completed in 2003. The construction of pipeline from {{Interlanguage link multi|Atasu, Kazakhstan|2=kk|3=Атасу кенті|p

...e fled the [[People's Republic of China]], during the [[Kazakh exodus from Xinjiang]], and later wrote about the migration, and about Kazakh culture. He lived [[Category:Writers from Xinjiang]]

...language]]. For more than forty years, Shabdanuly was imprisoned by the [[People's Republic of China]] for his political views. ...akh_In_China_Released_In_Almaty/1887778.html 'The Tragic Destiny Of Kazakh People Living Abroad, Written By A Witness]''. Radio Liberty, November 25, 2009.</

...te=24 November 2009 |accessdate=13 December 2010 }}</ref> He was born in [[Xinjiang]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Известный писатель Кабдеш [[Category:Living people]]

...ttp://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-03/21/c_13790562.htm|title=Xinjiang Uygurs celebrate Nowruz festival to welcome spring|author=|date=|work=Xinhu |[[Mazandaranis]]<ref>[[Nowruz Eve among Mazandarani people]]</ref>

...ort fretless neck. It is used by [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]]s and [[Baloch people]], and is similar to [[Sarinda]]. The soundbox is carved out of a single pi ...[[Demographics of Afghanistan|Afghans]], [[Uzbeks]], [[Uyghurs]], [[Tājik people|Tajiks]], [[Turkmens]] and [[Qaraqalpaks]].

...]] [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] composer from [[Kazakhstan]]. He was named a [[People's Artist of the USSR]]. ...lmaty Region]], Kazakhstan. His father died when he was just 3 months old. From a young age he was distinguished by discipline, commitment, lack of youthfu

|established_event8 = Independence declared from the [[Soviet Union]] ...people per sq. mi.). The capital is [[Astana]], where it was moved in 1997 from [[Almaty]], the country's largest city.

...h Africa]] and [[South Africa]]. Due to cultural diffusion and emigration from these areas, samosas in today's world are also prepared in other regions. ...Burma|Burmese]]), ''sambosa'' ({{IPA|[sam͡bosḁ]}}; among the [[Malagasy people|Malagasy]]) or ''chamuça'' (among the [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]-s

{{About|the Chinese noodles|the village in Iran|Lamian, Iran|a person from the Greek city of Lamia|Lamia (city)|}} ...e clump of dough, and inserts his fingers into the loop to keep the strand from sticking to itself. Doing this, the pull has doubled the length of the doug

...ificant minority language in the [[Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture]] in [[Xinjiang]], [[China]] and in the [[Bayan-Ölgii Province]] of [[Mongolia]]. Kazakh i ...Kazakhs and Kazakh speakers reside in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang.

|region=[[Xinjiang|Xinjiang-Uyghur Autonomous Region]], [[People's Republic of China]] ...200 people in the [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang-Uyghur Autonomous Region]] of the [[People's Republic of China]].

...[[Altay Prefecture]] and the [[Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture]] of the [[Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/bo ...atinisation (USSR)|Latin alphabet was introduced by the Soviets]] and used from 1927 to 1940 when it was replaced with Cyrillic.

|name = Xinjiang Daily |owners = [[Communist Party of China|CPC]] Xinjiang Committee

...as for Kazakh citizens were introduced: Australia (Electronic Visitor visa from November 2013). | {{flag|People's Republic of China|name=China}}

...lso referred to as Ospan) fighter for the freedom of the Qazaq people in [[Xinjiang]] *[[Raiymbek Batyr]] (1705-?), warrior in the 18th century against [[Dzungar people|Dzungar]]s

*Xinjiang Railway International Logistics Park, [[Urumqi]] [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]

...China]], [[Mongolia]], [[Uzbekistan]], [[Russia]], [[Kyrgyzstan]] and also from countries with notable Kazakh minorities: [[Iran]] ([[Iranian Kazakhs]]), ...ekistan and Kyrgyzstan are often found in the country's south, while those from China and Mongolia are concentrated in the east.<ref>{{citation|url=http://

...ters") in [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]] and Persian, to the rivers which flow from the south-east into [[Lake Balkhash]]. ...bounded by the province of [[Semipalatinsk]] on the north, by [[China]] ([[Xinjiang]]) on the east and south, and by the former Russian provinces of [[Fergana

...urs]], [[Karluks|Qarluqs]] and local [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] and [[Tajik people|Tajik]] peoples submitted to the Mongolians. The Uyghur state of [[Gaochan ...0–20), and [[Küchlüg]], a fugitive [[Naimans|Naiman]] prince in flight from [[Genghis Khan]]’s [[Mongols]]. Kuchlug was given shelter by the Qara Khi

...tau Mountains and central Kazakhstan. Modern ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' appeared from 40,000 to 12,000 years ago in southern, central, and eastern Kazakhstan. Af ...populations in and out of the [[steppe belt]]. The dry period which lasted from the end of the second millennium to the beginning of the 1st millennium BCE

...] [[Eurasian Steppe|steppe]] people mentioned in [[China|Chinese]] records from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD. ...Gansu as vassals of the Xiongnu. In 133-132 BC, the Wusun drove the Yuezhi from the Ili Valley and settled the area. They subsequently became close allies

{{History of Xinjiang}} ...or '''Onoq Khaganate''' ({{zh|c=西突厥 |p=Xi tūjué}}) was a [[Turkic people|Turkic]] [[khaganate]] formed as a result of the wars in the beginning of t

*Strengthened Tang rule of [[Xinjiang]] ...ower,+were+badly+defeated,+and+the+Uighurs,+a+Turkish+tribe,+were+detached+from+them+and&q=heavenly+khan+ruler&hl=en|year=1964|publisher=Macmillan|page=144

|status = [[Sinicization|Sinicized]] [[Khitan people|Khitan]] empire<br />in [[Central Asia]] ...who led the remnants of the [[Liao dynasty]] to Central Asia after fleeing from the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jurchen]] conquest of their homeland in the

...akastan]]. Not to be confused with the [[Sakha]], the endonym of the Yakut people of Siberia. For other uses, see [[Saka (disambiguation)]].}} ...ticular branch of the "[[Sarmatians|Scytho-Sarmatian family]]" originating from nomadic Iranian peoples of the northwestern steppe in [[Eurasia]].<ref name

...itories of southern and southeastern [[Kazakhstan]], northwestern China ([[Xinjiang]]) and parts of [[Uzbekistan]]. ...e Senior ''zhuz'' of the southern and southeastern steppe being set apart from the two other zones by [[Lake Balkhash]].

...[Khanate of Kokand|Kokand]] <br> [[Turkmens|Turkmen]] tribes <br> [[Kyrgyz people|Kyrgyz]] tribes <br> [[File:Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg|border|23px]] ...forts along the northern border of Kyrgyzstan. 1864-1868 they moved south from Kyrgyzstan, captured Tashkent and Samarkand and dominated the Khanates of K

{{See also|Xinjiang under Qing rule|Qing reconquest of Xinjiang}} {{Location map+ |Xinjiang

...ute [[Muslims]] in the [[Hami Oases]]. But his action was opposed by local people and he was later defeated by the Mongols under [[Jebe]]. ...at ''[[khatun]]'' ("queen") [[Töregene Khatun|Töregene]] might have been from this tribe. [[Hulegu]] had a Naiman general, [[Ketbuqa]], who died in the [

...hstan|Kazakh]] politician who was the 6th [[Prime Minister of Kazakhstan]] from 13 June 2003 to 9 January 2007.<ref name=PROFILE>[http://www.templetonthorp ...se in the government that took office on 10 January 2007. He was dismissed from that post in June 2009. On 11 November 2014 he was appointed as Governor of

...ies Laevigatae]]''. It is a [[rhizomatous]] [[perennial plant|perennial]], from central Asia, with pale blue or violet flowers. It is cultivated as an orna The flowers come in a range of shades from pale blue to violet,<ref name=efloras/><ref name=ClaireAustin/> white<ref n

...eene) "pink peony", and in China '''新疆芍药''' (xin jiang shao yao), "Xinjiang peony". These plants are ½-1&nbsp;m high, have a thick irregular taproot a ...s consisting of filaments of ½–1&nbsp;cm topped with anthers that ripen from the inside out, open with slits and release yellow pollen. The pollen is re

...ses, wolves and khulans in Mongolia. Bi-annual progress reports. available from: www.takhi.org</ref> ...n wild ass population is declining due to [[poaching]] and [[competition]] from grazing [[livestock]]. The [[conservation status]] of the species is evalua

...rical and philological points the richest manuscript heritage of the Uigur people. V.P.Yudin authored over 80 scientific publications in Russian, Uigur and K V.Yudin studied manuscripts unearthed in [[Xinjiang]], northwest China, including: "Chingiz-name" by Utemish-Khodja (16th centu

...stan]]. As of November 2007, about 1% of the $600 billion in goods shipped from Asia to Europe each year were delivered by inland transport routes.<ref>Ber ...ian connects Moscow with Russian Pacific seaports such as [[Vladivostok]]. From the 1960s until the early 1990s the railway served as the primary land brid

...e Chinese rail system connects with that of [[Kazakhstan]] at [[Dostyk]]. From Kazakhstan, rail links extend into Russia.]] ...rn branch of the [[Eurasian Land Bridge]] rail links running through the [[People's Republic of China]]. The Eurasian Land Bridge is the overland rail link b

| Caption = Silk Road extending from [[Europe]] through [[Asia]]. Overland routes are red, and the maritime rout ...22, 2014, UNESCO designated 5,000&nbsp;km stretch of the Silk Road network from Central China to the Zhetsyu Region of [[Central Asia]] as a new World Heri

...ing the [[Eastern world|East]] and [[Western culture|West]] and stretching from the Korean peninsula<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.miho.or.jp/english/membe While the term is of modern coinage, the Silk Road derives its name from the lucrative trade in [[silk]] (and horses) carried out along its length,

.... It flows from the [[Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture]] of the [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region]] to the [[Almaty Province]] in Kazakhstan. ...of which is in Kazakhstan. It takes its beginning in eastern [[Tian Shan]] from the [[Tekes River|Tekes]] and [[Kunges River|Kunges]] (or [[Künes]]) river

...Altai Mountains|Mongolian Altai]] in [[Dzungaria]] (the northern part of [[Xinjiang]], China) close to the border with [[Mongolia]]. ...e ''Kara-Irtysh'' (Black Irtysh) in the [[Mongolia]]n Altay mountains in [[Xinjiang]], [[China]], the Irtysh flows northwest through [[Lake Zaysan]] in [[Kazak

...the very sparsely populated mountainous terrain of the southern part of [[Xinjiang]]'s [[Yumin County]]; by the time it crosses the [[China–Kazakhstan borde ...=11&lat=45.76&lon=82.78&layers=B0000000000F Soviet topo map] about 2 km NE from Peak Kertau (which is marked with its elevation, 3282 m).</ref> After flowi

|caption = View from Space, April 1991 ...|precipitation]], largely vernal snowmelt, from the mountains of China's [[Xinjiang]] region.

...an]]. The valley of the Dzungarian Gate (yellow, given its elevation) runs from northwest to southeast through the mountain range that lies between the two ...''The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West'', Thames & Hudson, 2000, p. 44</ref>

| location = [[People's Republic of China|China]]–[[Kazakhstan]] border ...na–Kazakhstan border|international border]] between [[Kazakhstan]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]]. Gora Alagordy has an elevation of {{convert|46

...it merges with the [[Sayan Mountains]] to the east), and extends southeast from there to about 45° N and 99° E, where it gradually becomes lower and merg ...n. The proposed [[Altaic languages|Altaic language family]] takes its name from this mountain range.

|pic=Xinjiang regions simplified.png |11=[[Dzungar people|Zunghar]]

...ist">[http://peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/china2.html "China II: Sinkiang - Xinjiang" Ultra-Prominence Page] Listed here as "Nayramadlin Orgil". Peaklist.org. R ...nt between the Government of the Russian Federation, the Government of the People's Republic of China, and the Government of Mongolia on the determination of