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| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]]
|time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]]
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...of 62.2 percent.<ref>{{cite web|title= About 10 million are Internet users in Kazakhstan |url=http://www.inform.kz/rus/article/2614489 |website=www.infor
...456,000 in 2008.5 Despite these increases, Internet usage is concentrated in urban centers, while outside those centers access remains beyond the reach
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...[Sport governing body|governing body]] for professional and amateur tennis in [[Kazakhstan]].<ref name="History of Federation">{{cite web|url=http://www.
...Head office is located in Astana, capital of Kazakhstan. Out of 14 regions in Kazakhstan, Federation has 12 branches, not counting two main cities [[Asta
4 KB (508 words) - 00:57, 17 May 2026
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...[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] |accessdate=2008-01-25}}</ref> In 2011, it had 1,223 members.<ref name="Census_2010">{{cite web |title=Trienn
...nt of Kazakhstan) represented [[Kazakhstan]] at the Congress. The Congress established the ''Association of Russian Scouting Renaissance''. The homegrown Scout tr
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...as a military alliance. Uzbekistan rejoined the CSTO in 2006 but withdrew in 2012.
...|archivedate=27 February 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> It suspended its membership in 2012. The CSTO is an observer organization at the [[United Nations General
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| formation = {{Start date |2008|06|28}}
| purpose = Extensive and democratic dialogue in solving global challenges
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...transl|ru|''Kommunisticheskaya partiya Sovetskogo Soyuza''}}), abbreviated in English as '''CPSU''',{{efn|Sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist P
...rty]]), a revolutionary group led by [[Vladimir Lenin]] which seized power in the aftermath of the [[October Revolution]] of 1917. The party was dissolve
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|predecessor = Position established
...=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-09-08}}</ref> In April 2015, Nazarbayev [[Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015|was re-ele
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...sia and Belarus, transformed into the [[Eurasian Economic Community]] then in 2015 into the [[Eurasian Economic Union]]. President Nazarbayev has priorit
...n&id=132061</ref> Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region.<ref name=TW1>{
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|name = Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA)
...king_name = the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia
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| caption =Participation in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
...read of [[nuclear weapon]]s and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of [[Nuclear technology|nuclear energy]], and to further
117 KB (17,004 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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| caption = Participation in the Biological Weapons Convention
...c, protective and other peaceful purposes. The objects may not be retained in quantities that have no justification or which are inconsistent with the pe
22 KB (3,027 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...Europe and Central Asia. The EU has begun applying Aarhus-type principles in its legislation, notably the [[Water Framework Directive]] (Directive 2000/
...garding access to information, public participation and access to justice, in governmental decision-making processes on matters concerning the local, nat
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...] of 13 July 1931 to include the vast number of synthetic opioids invented in the intervening thirty years and a mechanism for more easily including new
...armaceuticals, and the [[United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances]], which strengthens provisions
106 KB (14,775 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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| long_name = Cape Town Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment
| wikisource =Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment
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...nts. In 1960, at the 11th meetings of the CGPM, the system of units it had established was overhauled and relaunched as the "[[International System of Units]]" (S
...CIPM Mutual Recognition Agreement]] (CIPM-MRA) program without taking part in the activities of the BIPM.
47 KB (6,822 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...ence of Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity in October in [[Nagoya]], Japan, the Nagoya Protocol was adopted.<ref name=autogenerated1
...bsequent year, the Ad Hoc Working Group of Technical and Legal Experts was established for the drafting of a legal text which addressed the conservation and susta
32 KB (4,432 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...rate]]s, [[benzodiazepine]]s, and [[Psychedelic drug|psychedelics]] signed in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]] on 21 February 1971. The [[Single Convention on Nar
...ry on the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Commentary, published in 1976, is an invaluable aid to interpreting the treaty and constitutes a key
85 KB (11,624 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...nation Against Women Statistics |date=21 December 2000 |accessdate=15 July 2008}}</ref>
...nto the [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|systematic killing of women]] in the Mexican city of [[Ciudad Juárez|Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua]].
28 KB (3,959 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...such as trading in influence and [[abuse of power]], as well as corruption in the [[private sector]], such as [[embezzlement]] and [[money laundering]].
...án]], Mexico, from 9–11 December 2003 and thereafter at UN headquarters in New York City. It was signed by 140 countries. As of December 2016, there a
38 KB (5,460 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...e = CEDAW Participation.svg|right|400px|thumb| Participation in the CEDAW
...mination Against Women''' ('''CEDAW''') is an international treaty adopted in 1979 by the [[United Nations General Assembly]].
61 KB (8,604 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...its parties to outlaw [[hate speech]] and criminalize membership in racist organizations.<ref name=Art4>ICERD, Article 4.</ref>
...Lack of time prevented this from being considered by the General Assembly in 1961,<ref>United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1684 (XVI), 18 Decembe
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...ted in August 1949, and defines humanitarian protections for [[civilian]]s in a [[war|war zone]]. There are currently [[List of parties to the Geneva Con
...ng them binding on non-signatories to the Conventions whenever they engage in armed conflicts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://legal.un.org/avl/ha/icty/icty.ht
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...NOT parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control |accessdate=2008-04-30 |publisher=[[WHO]]}}</ref>
...mum requirements, and signatories are encouraged to be even more stringent in regulating tobacco than the treaty requires them to be.<ref name="Brandt, A
31 KB (4,328 words) - 01:00, 17 May 2026
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...ref name=depo/> After several European Union states ratified the agreement in October 2016, there were enough countries that had ratified the agreement t
...s]], said this "ambitious and balanced" plan is a "historic turning point" in the goal of reducing [[global warming]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reu
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...cal trouble shooting, negotiating and generic problem solving capability)] in Gesellschaftliche Komplexität und kollektive Handlungsfähigkeit (Societys
...ist of treaties by number of parties|first universally ratified treaties]] in United Nations history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unep.org/Documents.Mu
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...asanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran'', I.B. Tauris, 2008. (p. 4)</ref>
|common_languages = *[[Middle Persian]] (official){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|pp=99-100}}<ref>''Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East
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...n who has a public position in the state agency, executing official duties in order to implement tasks and functions of the state. His/her salary is paid
2.'''Civil service in Kazakhstan''' is based on the following Principles:
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...=Alliance for Open Society International Inc |url=http://www.guidestar.org/organizations/81-0623035/alliance-open-society-international.aspx |work= |publisher=[[Gui
...ety International, Inc.''' ('''AOSI''') is a U.S. public charity organized in 2003 under the laws of the State of [[Delaware]].<ref name=PCAbout>[http://
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== Main waste management sectors in [[Kazakhstan]] ==
Almost one third of industrial waste in the country is accumulated in [[Karaganda Region|Karaganda region]] - more than 8.5 billion tons by the e
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|caption = The building of Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences in [[Almaty]]
|established = 1993
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| formation = <!-- or: | established = --> <!--e.g. use {{start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}}-->
| merger = <!--Other organizations (if any) merged to constitute the organization-->
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{{About||the administrative subdivision|Rasht County|the valley in Tajikistan|Rasht Valley}}
...so [[Romanize]]d as '''Resht''' and '''Rast''', and often spelt ''Recht'' in [[French language|French]] and older [[German language|German]] manuscripts
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|caption=The Aral Sea in 1989 (left) and 2014 (right)
...on}}<br>(1960, one lake)<br>North:<br>{{Convert|3300|km2|mi2|-1|abbr=on}} (2008)<br>South:<br>{{Convert|3500|km2|mi2|-1|abbr=on}} (2005)
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{{refimprove|date=January 2008}}
...ers.<ref>The most detailed account of the events of 1904-1906 is available in Russian. Sherstova (1986, 2010), Burhanizm [Burkhanism]), Tomsk State Unive
16 KB (2,266 words) - 01:04, 17 May 2026
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...6-98/f96-98.htm The New Russia of Vladimir Zhirinovsky: Fascist Tendencies in the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia] ([[NATO]])</ref><ref name=abroadath
...e Carbonnel|author2=Alessandra Prentice|title=Armed men seize two airports in Ukraine's Crimea, Yanukovich reappears|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/20
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...ury shopping centres such as Petrovskiy, Smolenskiy and Novinskiy Passage. In 2012. Gutseriev began to invest into the media business, and has acquired s
...e then [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]]. He graduated from high school in [[Grozny]].
11 KB (1,571 words) - 01:06, 17 May 2026
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...its economic bureau is in [[Turkey]] and its scientific bureau is situated in [[Pakistan]].
...ual and fully sovereign member states. This makes ECO similar to [[ASEAN]] in that it is an organisation that has its own offices and bureaucracy for imp
34 KB (4,200 words) - 01:08, 17 May 2026
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|established_event7 =EEU established
...n/|accessdate=5 August 2015|publisher=Russia Today}}</ref> It participated in the EAEU from the day of its establishment as an acceding state.<ref name=F
141 KB (18,985 words) - 01:08, 17 May 2026
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[[File:China-Xinjiang.png|thumb|200px|Xinjiang's location in the [[People's Republic of China]]]]
...ntier") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led [[Qing dynasty]] in 1759. Xinjiang is now a part of the [[People's Republic of China]], having
347 KB (52,725 words) - 01:09, 17 May 2026
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...sen to 40% or 7.5 million people of the total population, as opposed to 6% in 1949. [[Kazakhs]], the third largest group, constitute 1.2 million. ETLO is
...f thousands of people are reported to have been detained for investigation in the region and hundreds, possibly thousands, have been charged or sentenced
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...e</ref> Kazakhstan has taken [[Uzbekistan]]'s place as the favored partner in [[Central Asia]] for both Russia and the United States.<ref name=FAVORITE>[
...is the impact of terrorism in the country. Kazakhstan's 94th place puts it in a group of countries with the lowest impact of terrorism.<ref>{{cite web|ti
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...sian criminal lore. | work=[[International Herald Tribune]] | date=29 July 2008 | accessdate=3 September 2013 | author=Michael Schwirtz}}</ref>
...organized group of top criminals arose, the ''vory v zakone'', or "thieves in law."<ref name="Schwirtz"/>
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...ov]], remained in detention after unfair trials ... Torture remains common in places of detention."<ref>[[Human Rights Watch]], [https://www.hrw.org/worl
...Guardian]]|date=11 March 2015|quote=Nazarbaev has clamped down on dissent in Kazakhstan, and the country has never held an election judged to be free or
20 KB (2,782 words) - 01:10, 17 May 2026
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|founded = 2008
...], cities of republican meaning Astana and [[Almaty]], as well as branches in districts and cities. Central Council of Zhas Otan youth wing includes depu
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...n 1999." Elementary- and secondary-school teachers remain badly underpaid; in 1993 more than 30,000 teachers (or about one-seventh of the 1990 teaching s
...,500 preschools in Kazakhstan. In 1994 some 272,100 students were enrolled in the republic's sixty-one institutes of higher learning. Fifty-four percent
19 KB (2,709 words) - 01:10, 17 May 2026
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| established = {{Start date|1988}}
...адемия бизнеса, МАБ}}) is a higher educational institution in [[Almaty]], Kazakhstan, providing preparation of specialists of economic fi
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| established = 23 May 1996
...чаться 16 558 человек|trans_title=16 558 students will study in the new academic year at the L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University|lang
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...have been awarded the scholarship. Most of these students travel to study in the United States, but also elsewhere around the world.
...th with Western, democratic values."<ref name=Kucera/> Kucera acknowledges in his article, however, that while they are sent overseas to learn new ideas
5 KB (613 words) - 01:10, 17 May 2026
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...other partners own business operating a coal and natural resources company in [[Kazakhstan]].
In 1994, G. Zhakiyanov was appointed governor of [[Semipalatinsk]] Province in the newly independent [[Republic of Kazakhstan]]. From 1997 until the end o
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