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| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] |time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]]

...of 62.2 percent.<ref>{{cite web|title= About 10 million are Internet users in Kazakhstan |url=http://www.inform.kz/rus/article/2614489 |website=www.infor ...456,000 in 2008.5 Despite these increases, Internet usage is concentrated in urban centers, while outside those centers access remains beyond the reach

...[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] |accessdate=2008-01-25}}</ref> In 2011, it had 1,223 members.<ref name="Census_2010">{{cite web |title=Trienn ...nt of Kazakhstan) represented [[Kazakhstan]] at the Congress. The Congress established the ''Association of Russian Scouting Renaissance''. The homegrown Scout tr

...as a military alliance. Uzbekistan rejoined the CSTO in 2006 but withdrew in 2012. ...|archivedate=27 February 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> It suspended its membership in 2012. The CSTO is an observer organization at the [[United Nations General

| purpose = Extensive and democratic dialogue in solving global challenges ...a-economic-forum-may-2012.html | title=Astana Economic Forum to take place in May 2012 | publisher=''[[United Nations Economic Commission for Europe]]''

|predecessor = Position established ...=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-09-08}}</ref> In April 2015, Nazarbayev [[Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015|was re-ele

...sia and Belarus, transformed into the [[Eurasian Economic Community]] then in 2015 into the [[Eurasian Economic Union]]. President Nazarbayev has priorit ...n&id=132061</ref> Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region.<ref name=TW1>{

| caption =Participation in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ...read of [[nuclear weapon]]s and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of [[Nuclear technology|nuclear energy]], and to further

...eviated term Chicon|Chicon (Worldcon)<!-- Note: this hatnote was discussed in the redirect deletion discussion for "Chicago convention (disambiguation)" ...ories in relation to [[air travel]]. The Convention also exempts air fuels in transit from (double) taxation.<ref>{{cite web

...nt which establishes a multilateral framework for cross-border cooperation in the [[energy industry]]. The treaty covers all aspects of commercial energy ...arly-10 year long [[Yukos shareholders vs. Russia|Yukos]] case was decided in favor of the claimants on the basis of the Treaty, with a record-breaking $

...nts. In 1960, at the 11th meetings of the CGPM, the system of units it had established was overhauled and relaunched as the "[[International System of Units]]" (S ...CIPM Mutual Recognition Agreement]] (CIPM-MRA) program without taking part in the activities of the BIPM.

...ence of Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity in October in [[Nagoya]], Japan, the Nagoya Protocol was adopted.<ref name=autogenerated1 ...bsequent year, the Ad Hoc Working Group of Technical and Legal Experts was established for the drafting of a legal text which addressed the conservation and susta

...rate]]s, [[benzodiazepine]]s, and [[Psychedelic drug|psychedelics]] signed in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]] on 21 February 1971. The [[Single Convention on Nar ...ry on the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Commentary, published in 1976, is an invaluable aid to interpreting the treaty and constitutes a key

...nto the [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|systematic killing of women]] in the Mexican city of [[Ciudad Juárez|Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua]]. ...adopted by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] on 6 October 1999, and in force from 22 December 2000. As of October 2016, the Protocol has 80 [[Sign

...e = CEDAW Participation.svg|right|400px|thumb| Participation in the CEDAW ...mination Against Women''' ('''CEDAW''') is an international treaty adopted in 1979 by the [[United Nations General Assembly]].

...[[WHO]]}}</ref> It had been signed by 168 countries and is legally binding in 180 [[ratifying]] countries.<ref name="who-fctc-p"/> There are currently 16 ...mum requirements, and signatories are encouraged to be even more stringent in regulating tobacco than the treaty requires them to be.<ref name="Brandt, A

...cal trouble shooting, negotiating and generic problem solving capability)] in Gesellschaftliche Komplexität und kollektive Handlungsfähigkeit (Societys ...ist of treaties by number of parties|first universally ratified treaties]] in United Nations history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unep.org/Documents.Mu

...|year=1997|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|isbn=978-1-57506-020-0|page=284|quote=In the Middle Persian period (Parthian and Sasanian Empires), Aramaic was the ...an language|Parthian]] (administration, until the late 3rd-century) spoken in the north and east, and by the [[seven Parthian clans]]){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|

== Main waste management sectors in [[Kazakhstan]] == Almost one third of industrial waste in the country is accumulated in [[Karaganda Region|Karaganda region]] - more than 8.5 billion tons by the e

|caption=The Aral Sea in 1989 (left) and 2014 (right) ...f 1853 published for the ''Journal of the [[Royal Geographical Society]]'' in London]]

...6-98/f96-98.htm The New Russia of Vladimir Zhirinovsky: Fascist Tendencies in the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia] ([[NATO]])</ref><ref name=abroadath ...e Carbonnel|author2=Alessandra Prentice|title=Armed men seize two airports in Ukraine's Crimea, Yanukovich reappears|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/20

...ury shopping centres such as Petrovskiy, Smolenskiy and Novinskiy Passage. In 2012. Gutseriev began to invest into the media business, and has acquired s ...e then [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]]. He graduated from high school in [[Grozny]].

|established_date1 = 1994 |established_event7 =EEU established

...s a related ethnic group also called ''Gagavuz'' (or ''[[Gajal]]'') living in the European part of northwestern [[Turkey]]. ...ic group)|Macedonians]], [[Serbs]] and other Balkan populations, resulting in a high genetic distance from the [[Turkish people]] and other [[Turkic peop

[[File:China-Xinjiang.png|thumb|200px|Xinjiang's location in the [[People's Republic of China]]]] ...ntier") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led [[Qing dynasty]] in 1759. Xinjiang is now a part of the [[People's Republic of China]], having

...n 1999." Elementary- and secondary-school teachers remain badly underpaid; in 1993 more than 30,000 teachers (or about one-seventh of the 1990 teaching s ...,500 preschools in Kazakhstan. In 1994 some 272,100 students were enrolled in the republic's sixty-one institutes of higher learning. Fifty-four percent

| established = {{Start date|1988}} ...адемия бизнеса, МАБ}}) is a higher educational institution in [[Almaty]], Kazakhstan, providing preparation of specialists of economic fi

...have been awarded the scholarship. Most of these students travel to study in the United States, but also elsewhere around the world. ...th with Western, democratic values."<ref name=Kucera/> Kucera acknowledges in his article, however, that while they are sent overseas to learn new ideas

...other partners own business operating a coal and natural resources company in [[Kazakhstan]]. In 1994, G. Zhakiyanov was appointed governor of [[Semipalatinsk]] Province in the newly independent [[Republic of Kazakhstan]]. From 1997 until the end o

[[Image:Mechet pavlodar.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Mosque in [[Pavlodar]], Kazakhstan; Kazakhs predominately follow [[Sunni Islam]]]] |caption=Religions in Kazakhstan (2009)<ref name="EthnicData">{{cite web|url=http://www.stat.kz/p

...ion#Policy toward religions in practice|policy of oppression]] of religion in the former [[Soviet Union]]. Before that time, [[Kazakhstan]], as part of t |title=Religious Groups in Kazakhstan