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|type = National, ethnic, international ...publisher= komunitetibektashi.org | url=http://www.komunitetibektashi.org/in.php?fq=brenda&gj=gj1&kid=1

[[File:Kazhakhstan a Paris.Turan ensemble.2.jpg|thumbnail|Turan Ensemble in Paris, 1 November 2014]] ...o Folk Band) is a [[Kazakhstan|Kazakh]] folk music band, which was created in 2008 by several students of Kazakh National Conservatory named after [[Kurm

...kz</ref> it has a territory of 2,727,300&nbsp;km² (greater than [[Western Europe]]). It is bordered by [[Russia]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uzbek ...khstan has the [[List of countries by population|62nd largest]] population in the world, with a [[List of countries by population density|population dens

| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] ...akhstan citizens. Do not change it to Kazakh, which is the demonym for the ethnic group--><ref name="CIA">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world

...urnalists identified a "growing pattern" of intimidation of the media, and in 2012 several opposition media outlets were ordered to be shut down on charg ...y a government representative to buy a controlling stake in ''Respublika'' in November 2001.<ref name="nytimes.com">[https://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/13/w

...as a military alliance. Uzbekistan rejoined the CSTO in 2006 but withdrew in 2012. ...|archivedate=27 February 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> It suspended its membership in 2012. The CSTO is an observer organization at the [[United Nations General

...=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-09-08}}</ref> In April 2015, Nazarbayev [[Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015|was re-ele ...esided over an authoritarian regime.<ref name="dissent"/> No election held in [[Kazakhstan]] since independence has met international standards.<ref name

...rate]]s, [[benzodiazepine]]s, and [[Psychedelic drug|psychedelics]] signed in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]] on 21 February 1971. The [[Single Convention on Nar ...ry on the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Commentary, published in 1976, is an invaluable aid to interpreting the treaty and constitutes a key

...requires its parties to outlaw [[hate speech]] and criminalize membership in racist organizations.<ref name=Art4>ICERD, Article 4.</ref> ...Lack of time prevented this from being considered by the General Assembly in 1961,<ref>United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1684 (XVI), 18 Decembe

...through many territorial divisions before the current borders were created in the 1920s and 1930s. [[File:SovietCentralAsia1922.svg|right|250px|thumb|Map of Soviet Central Asia in 1922 with the Turkestan ASSR and the Kyrgyz ASSR]]

...right|300px|alt=World map, with Kazakhstan in green|Location of Kazakhstan in [[Central Asia]]]] ...stan. Modern ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' appeared from 40,000 to 12,000 years ago in southern, central, and eastern Kazakhstan. After the end of the [[last glac

|capital = located in Ulutau mountains ...n Eastern Europe (840-990 CE). The capital of the Kangar union was located in the Ulytau mountains.

...|year=1997|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|isbn=978-1-57506-020-0|page=284|quote=In the Middle Persian period (Parthian and Sasanian Empires), Aramaic was the ...an language|Parthian]] (administration, until the late 3rd-century) spoken in the north and east, and by the [[seven Parthian clans]]){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|

...уз.svg|thumb|right|Approximate areas occupied by the three Kazakh hordes in the early 20th century; red represents the Senioren zhuz, orange represents ...an]], and represents the main [[Kazakh tribes|tribal]] division within the ethnic group of the [[Kazakhs]].

...es such as the [[Khazar Correspondence]], according to which at some point in the 8th–9th centuries, the ruling elite of the Khazars was said by [[Juda ...ate it.<ref name=rubin /> Despite skepticism, he reformulated the concept in 2016 by developing a novel method of genetic analysis that uses the fringe

...72|pp=25–71|}}. This figure has been calculated on the basis of the data in both Herlihy and Russell's work.</ref> ...h|2007|p=25}}.</ref> Astride a major artery of commerce between [[northern Europe]] and [[southwestern Asia]], Khazaria became one of the foremost trading em

...ef>[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p420 ISBN 0-19-924958-X</ref> ...Supreme Soviet]] had last taken place in March 1990, prior to independence in December 1991. The outgoing Supreme Soviet dissolved itself on 13 December

! Religious affiliation of the responders !! Absolute numbers <br /> (in thousands)!! Share<br />of the population<br />% | '''all in all''' ||align=right| '''16 009.6''' ||align=right| '''100.00'''

| designation1_free1value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia|Asia-Pacific]] |piccap="Silk Road" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters

...t citadel&nbsp;— One if not the largest extant Sassanid fortification(s) in the world.]] |Region=[[List of World Heritage Sites in Europe|Europe]]

| image_caption = '''Clockwise from top:''' Central Bridge which connects Europe and Asia during the evening; Stand marking the European side of the city; O |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan

File:Baku montage3.jpg|275px|alt=Baku montage. Clicking on an image in the picture causes the browser to load the appropriate article. ...18 447 1200 1056 [[Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall|Philharmony Fountain in front of the Magomayev Philharmonic Hall]]

...f East Kazakhstan Region in Kazakhstan|the district of the Buryat Republic in Russia|Tarbagataysky District}} ...ministrative center]] of the district is the [[Village#Central and Eastern Europe|selo]] of [[Aksuat]]. Population: {{Kz-population2013|44147|punct=;}} {{Kz-

{{Infobox ethnic group ...ks]] (later Orenburg Cossacks) with Swedish ancestry, related to the large groups of Swedish prisoners of the [[Great Northern War]] (1700–1721).

...lls of the [[Kok Tobe]]; [[Abay Opera House]]; [[Golden Warrior Monument]] in the [[Republic Square, Almaty|Republic Square]]; Entrance gate to the Park |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kazakhstan

|pushpin_map_caption = The location of Astana in Kazakhstan |established_date = in 1830 as Akmoly{{sfn|Pospelov|1993|pp=24–25}}

| image_caption = Bukhtarma river in East Kazakhstan | image_map = East Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg

| image_map = Kostanay in Kazakhstan.svg | blank1_name_sec1 = [[List of cities in Kazakhstan|Cities]]

| image_map = North Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg | blank1_name_sec1 = [[List of cities in Kazakhstan|Cities]]

| image_map = Pavlodar in Kazakhstan.svg | blank1_name_sec1 = [[List of cities in Kazakhstan|Cities]]

...6-98/f96-98.htm The New Russia of Vladimir Zhirinovsky: Fascist Tendencies in the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia] ([[NATO]])</ref><ref name=abroadath ...e Carbonnel|author2=Alessandra Prentice|title=Armed men seize two airports in Ukraine's Crimea, Yanukovich reappears|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/20

'''[[Kazakhstan]]''' is located in [[Central Asia]] and [[Eastern Europe]] at {{Coord|48|68|type:country_region:KZ|display=inline, title}}. With an [[Image:Astana-steppe-7748.jpg|thumb|left|In the [[steppe]]s of Central Asia ([[Aqmola Province]])]]

{{Infobox ethnic group ...ap;"><!--If you swap out an image, change the "x##px" entry for EACH image in the row so that the width of the row lines up with the others-->[[ File:ENa

...n/|accessdate=5 August 2015|publisher=Russia Today}}</ref> It participated in the EAEU from the day of its establishment as an acceding state.<ref name=F ...Minister Vladimir Putin "A new integration project for Eurasia: The future in the making"|url=http://www.russianmission.eu/en/news/article-prime-minister

| caption = Population of Kazakhstan (in millions) from 1950–2009. ...ccessdate=18 March 2015}}</ref> but it is not uncommon to use '''Kazakh''' in both senses.<ref name=FCO>[http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroa

{{Infobox ethnic group ...le:Karachay patriarchs in the 19th c.jpg|285px]]<br>'''Karachay patriarchs in the 19th century'''

{{Infobox ethnic group ...nie/demografiya_2/current-data/demographic-situation/demographic-situation-in-2015/|archivedate=3 February 2016}}</ref>

...ussia and Ukraine, this number had declined to 796,000 by 1998 and 456,997 in the 2009 census.<ref name = "Coordinating">[http://www.uvkr.com.ua/ua/struc ...ssian government to Kazakhstan after their failed [[Koliyivschyna|uprising in 1768]].<ref name = "Coordinating"/>

{{Infobox ethnic group |group=Chinese people in Kazakhstan

{{infobox ethnic group| ...slav.hokudai.ac.jp/sympo/Proceed97/Arutiunov5.html "Ethnicity and Conflict in the Caucasus"]. Slavic Research Center</ref>

{{Infobox Ethnic group | group = Turks in Kazakhstan

{{Infobox ethnic group ...ans from the Volga region at a refugee camp in [[Schneidemühl]], Germany, in 1920]]

{{Infobox ethnic group ...>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/15696|title=People groups: Ukrainian|work=Joshua Project|date=|accessdate=15 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{

{{Infobox ethnic group ...s a related ethnic group also called ''Gagavuz'' (or ''[[Gajal]]'') living in the European part of northwestern [[Turkey]].

{{Infobox ethnic group ...e value was preserved at 0.104% level it would be no less than 1.4 million in 2008</ref>

{{Infobox ethnic group ...Mongolian plateau]] in the 12th century CE. The name "Tatar" first appears in written form on the [[Kul Tigin]] monument as 𐱃𐱃𐰺 (''TaTaR''). His

{{Infobox ethnic group |group = Kurds in Kazakhstan

{{Infobox ethnic group ...cessdate=2014-02-04}}</ref> to 2 million<ref>http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27599836</ref>

{{Infobox ethnic group ...uzsci.net/portal/library/atlas/ethnic_minorities.pdf |title=Uzbekistan – Ethnic minorities |publisher= |accessdate=2011-06-03}}</ref>

{{About|Uzbeks as an ethnic group|information about citizens of [[Uzbekistan]]|Demographics of Uzbekist {{Infobox ethnic group