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|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...was an important town in the history of [[Central Asia]], situated on the borders of settled and agricultural civilizations. It was the center of a great oas

| country = {{BLR}} (1 team)<br />{{CHN}} (1 team)<br />{{CRO}} (1 team)<br /> The start of the [[2011–12 KHL season|fourth season]] was overshadowed by the [[2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl air disaster|Yaroslavl air disaster]] on 7 S

...no by-line.--> |date=4 December 2012 |work= |publisher=[[Reporters Without Borders]] |accessdate=17 December 2012}}</ref><ref>[[Al Jazeera English]]: {{YouTub ...d-March 2002 [[court order]] to stop printing for three months, was evaded by printing under other titles, such as ''Not That Respublika''.<ref name=NYT/

...[[Uzbekistan]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]]. The country also borders on a significant part of the [[Caspian Sea]]. ...ulation|62nd largest]] population in the world, with a [[List of countries by population density|population density]] of less than 6&nbsp;people per squa

{{Infobox country .../02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=68&pr.y=12&sy=2014&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=916&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Kazakhst

| country = {{Plainlist| ...ceived from a screenplay written by Bodrov and Arif Aliev. It was produced by Bodrov, Sergei Selyanov and Anton Melnik and stars [[Tadanobu Asano]], [[Su

...sity Press 2006 ISBN 0-19-860990-6</ref> Buoyed by its mineral wealth, the country is an enthusiastic consumer of wine but must import 80% of the 30 m bottles ...rgyzstan]] border. Vines were believed to have been introduced to the area by traders from the [[Xinjiang]] province of China and the [[Fergana Province|

...n.tengrinews.kz |date=19 January 2012 |accessdate=23 November 2014}}</ref> By 2013, [[Kazakhstan]] officials reported Internet penetration levels of 62.2 ...access the [[Internet]] by [[Dial-up Internet access|dial-up]], 15 percent by means of [[Asymmetric digital subscriber line|ADSL]], and 6 percent using s

|type=[[Country code top-level domain]] ...''ақстан}}, <small>tr.</small> ''Qazaqstan'') are the [[Internet]] [[country code]] [[top-level domain]] ([[ccTLD]]) for [[Kazakhstan]].

...printing press]]es refused to print the publication after a failed attempt by a government representative to buy a controlling stake in ''Respublika'' in ...d-March 2002 [[court order]] to stop printing for three months, was evaded by printing under other titles, such as ''Not That Respublika''.<ref name="nyt

| country =Kazakhstan ..._new_member_country_kazakhstan |title=World Scouting welcomes a new member country: Kazakhstan |publisher=[[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] |access

| country = [[Kazakhstan]] ...ational defence policy aims are based on the [[Constitution of Kazakhstan (country)|Constitution of Kazakhstan]]. They guarantee the preservation of the [[ind

...Guards Air Assault Brigade (20 Apr 1993–present)|dates = 1948–present|country = {{flag|Soviet Union}} (1948–1992)<br> ...showed solid skills for action in the mountain wilderness and was praised by higher command. In 1969, the regiment participated in tactical exercises wi

...n]] became a full participant in the CSTO; and its membership was ratified by the Uzbek parliament on 28 March 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurasi ...y Treaty Organization (CSTO). In order to deploy military bases of a third country in the territory of the CSTO member-states, it is necessary to obtain the o

...|}}; born 6 July 1940) is the [[President of Kazakhstan]]. He has been the country's leader since 1989, when he was named First Secretary of the [[Communist P Nazarbayev has suppressed dissent, been accused of human rights abuses by several human rights organizations, and presided over an authoritarian regi

...tration]] has tried to balance relations with Russia and the United States by sending petroleum and natural gas to its northern neighbor at artificially ...ional security, defense capacity, sovereignty and territorial unity of the country;

...'internal'' armed conflicts that take place within the borders of a single country. The scope of these laws is more limited than those of the rest of the Gene As of January 2015, the Protocol had been ratified by 168 countries, with the [[United States]], [[Turkey]], [[Israel]], [[Iran]]

| condition_effective = Ninety days after the [[ratification]] by at least 20 signatory states<ref name=UN/> These practices have been deemed "Toxic Colonialism" by many developing countries.

...of departure in one country to a customs office of destination in another country; ...thout requiring extensive and time-consuming border checks at intermediate borders;

| date_signed = 15 May 2000<ref>First signed by [[Kenya]]</ref> ...otect [[biodiversity|biological diversity]] from the potential risks posed by [[genetically modified organisms]] resulting from modern [[biotechnology]].

|condition_effective=[[Ratification]] by [[NATO]] and [[Warsaw Pact]] member countries ...uding document: the Helsinki Final Act. Negotiations for MBFR were stalled by the USSR in 1979 because of NATO's decision to deploy new intermediate-rang

...(so called "Istanbul commitments") to withdraw its forces from [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] and [[Moldova]]. ...relevance of the Adapted CFE Treaty, given its continued non-ratification by NATO states.

...1988, regulates [[wikt:Precursor|precursor]] chemicals to drugs controlled by the Single Convention and the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It als ...8, "[d]eeply concerned at reports of serious damage to health being caused by LSD and similar hallucinogenic substances," the [[United Nations Economic a

...es|member states]] of the {{no wrap|[[United Nations]] (UN)}} and promoted by the [[UN Office on Drugs and Crime]] (UNODC). It is one of several legally ...rces and assistance to improve implementation of the obligations set forth by the Convention.<ref name=UNODC/>

...s, most of which are in Europe or Central Asia. It is open to ratification by states that are members of the [[United Nations Economic Commission for Eur ...a]], and [[Spain]]. At the time ATP was created, it had only been ratified by France, Spain, and [[Yugoslavia]].</ref>

...take the place of national laws. Rather it provides a framework respected by each Party, which must adopt their own domestic legislation to implement CI ...th infractions by Parties. The Secretariat, when informed of an infraction by a Party, will notify all other parties. The Secretariat will give the Party

...and Political Rights''' ('''ICCPR''') is a multilateral [[treaty]] adopted by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] on 16 December 1966, and in force f The ICCPR is monitored by the [[United Nations Human Rights Committee]] (a separate body to the [[Uni

...nder their [[jurisdiction]], and forbids states to transport people to any country where there is reason to believe they will be tortured. ...Rev.4_en.pdf |title=CAT General Comment No. 2: Implementation of Article 2 by States Parties |publisher=Committee against Torture |date=23 November 2007

| condition_effective = Ratification by at least 55 States to the Convention | condition_effective = ratification by 144 (3/4 of 192 Parties) required

...{{lang-kz|Оралмандар}}), or "returnee", is an official term used by [[Kazakhstan|Kazakh]] authorities to describe ethnic [[Kazakh people|Kazakh ...=Vivian }}</ref> The government prefers to settle them in the north of the country, and offers them more benefits; however, returnees themselves prefer region

...et Central Asia went through many territorial divisions before the current borders were created in the 1920s and 1930s. ...city to the Young Bukharans. As Russian sources report, the emir responded by murdering the Bolshevik delegation, along with several hundred Russian inha

[[Kazakhstan]], the largest country of the [[Eurasian Steppe]], has been a historical "crossroads" and home to ...l period]] (12,500 to 5,000 years ago), human settlement spread across the country and led to the extinction of the [[mammoth]] and the [[woolly rhinoceros]].

{{Infobox Former Country After the capture of [[Zhetysu]] by the [[Tang Empire|Chinese]], Kangars become independent from the [[Göktür

...ref>Kuz'mina, Elena E. (2007). ''The Origin of the Indo Iranians''. Edited by J.P. Mallory. Leiden, Boston: Brill, pp 381-382. ISBN 978-90-04-16054-5.</r ...ar ex-capital city of [[Almaty]], [[Kazakhstan]]]] The Saka were regarded by the Babylonians as synonymous with the ''Gimirrai''; both names are used on

{{Infobox Former Country ...inistration, until the late 3rd-century) spoken in the north and east, and by the [[seven Parthian clans]]){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|pp=99-100}}

...kmenistan]] in the southwest. Before the Russians came the north was held by the Kazakh steppe nomads and their ancestors while the south was approximat ...enistan were taken. In 1885 expansion south toward Afghanistan was blocked by the British. In 1893-95 they occupied the high Pamirs in the southeast.

...of the [[Ili River|Ili]] Basin region, also known as [[Zhetysu]] occupied by Russia in 1871 during the [[Dungan Revolt (1862–77)|Dungan Revolt]] up to ...sia refused to negotiate unless Chung Hao was released and this was backed by the other powers. In August 1880 Chung Hao was released and negotiations re

{{Infobox Former Country |country =

It was first described in 1753 by [[Linnaeus]], who described it in the ''[[Species Plantarum]]'' Vol.1 as be ...in Grey-Wilson and Mathew, Bulbs plate 28. It was then published in 1982, by P.J. Redoute, Liles and related flowers 183.<ref name=European/>

...a & Flora International is working to save and restore the species in that country, and has put ''M. niedzwetzkyana'' on its endangered list, brought it under ...org Dieck]] at the Zöschen Arboretum, Germany, who grew it from seed sent by the Russian lawyer and amateur botanist [[Vladislav E. Niedzwiecki]] living

...stan has identified at least two major [[ecological disaster]]s within its borders: the shrinking of the [[Aral Sea]], and [[radioactive contamination]] at th ...tremes, and agricultural soil has been damaged by salt deposits and eroded by wind. Desertification has eliminated substantial tracts of agricultural lan

...ated in [[Karaganda Region|Karaganda region]] - more than 8.5 billion tons by the end of 2012. ...accumulated all over the country without controls. This is largely caused by the following factors:

| country = [[Kazakhstan]] ...QUARREL BETWEEN MOLDOVA’S RICHEST MAN AND FORMER PRESIDENT SPILLS ACROSS BORDERS, AS ENERGY COMPANY SUES KAZAKHSTAN FOR A BILLION DOLLARS IN NATIONALIZATION

...<ref name="ball 2016 p156"/> The first book entitled ''The Silk Road'' was by Swedish geographer [[Sven Hedin]] in 1938.<ref name="ball 2016 p156"/> The ...], which at sea was conducted mostly through India and on land was handled by numerous intermediaries such as the [[Sogdia]]ns.<ref>[[Warwick Ball]] (201

| subdivision_type = Country ...Khachmaz is 170 kilometres north of the capital Baku. The Khachmaz rayon borders the Republic of [[Dagestan]] of the [[Russian Federation]].

|caption = The Caspian Sea as captured by the [[Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer|MODIS]] on the orbiting ...h century the Caspian Sea was still not well explored and mapped. 1570 map by [[Fernão Vaz Dourado]].]]

...'' (''Kara-Irtysh'' in Kazakh, or ''Cherny Irtysh'' in Russian) is applied by some authors, especially in Russia and Kazakhstan, to the upper course of t ...sport)|lock]], with a drop of {{convert|42|m|ft}}, allows river traffic to by-pass the [[dam]] at [[Ust-Kamenogorsk]].<ref>

|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]] ...uage]] (eastern dialect) although the style they speak has been influenced by the [[Mazandarani language]], making it slightly different than the [[Gilak

{{about|the former island|the album by [[folk metal]] band [[Arkona (band)|Arkona]]|Vozrozhdeniye}} |country = [[Kazakhstan]]<br/>[[Uzbekistan]]

...1.2 to 2 million years ago, when the ancient Paleozoic shield was cracked by granite. The area lifted and created the Kent and Karkaraly Mountains. The ...nding the lake. The lake is small- only .14ha. The lake is only accessible by foot and generally takes 4 hours round-trip. This trail takes you through p