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...Sea]] in modern [[Kazakhstan]]. It is known from Arab writings of the 10th century AD as the capital of the steppe empire of the [[Oghuz Turks]]. Archaeologic ...formation east of the Aral Sea: Fieldwork and international workshop 2011 in Kazakhstan". ''The European Archaeologist'' 37. 14-20.</ref>

| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] |time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]]

|continent = Asia |image_map_caption = Oguz Yabgu State in [[Kazakhstan]], 750–1055

...lt=World map, with Kazakhstan in green|Location of Kazakhstan in [[Central Asia]]]] ...stan. Modern ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' appeared from 40,000 to 12,000 years ago in southern, central, and eastern Kazakhstan. After the end of the [[last glac

|continent = Asia |region = Central Asia

...mentioned in [[China|Chinese]] records from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD. ...tioned by the Chinese as having settled the [[Pamir Mountains]] in the 5th century AD. They possibly became subsumed into the later [[Hephthalites]].

|continent = Asia {{History of the Turks pre-14th century}}

|built = 5-6th century |abandoned = 11th century

{{History of the Turks pre-14th century}} ...ed northern Chinese politics from the late ninth century through the tenth century. They are noted for founding three of the five dynasties and one of the kin

...9 or possibly 610–617 <ref>610 from Christoph Baumer, History of Central Asia, volume two, 2014, page 198, apparently following [[Edouard Chavannes]] who ...was also called ''On Ok'' ("Ten arrows") referring to ten powerful tribes in the empire. Five tribes (called [[Dulo clan|Dulo]]) to the northeast and fi

...|author=Jonathan Karem Skaff|editor=Nicola Di Cosmo|title=Military Culture in Imperial China|year=2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674- [[Category:657 in Asia]]

|place=Central Asia ...ainst Karasahr|conquest of Karasahr in 644]] and [[Conquest of Kucha|Kucha in 648]]. Su Dingfang commanded the main army dispatched against the Western T

...s against [[Karakhoja]] in 640, [[Karasahr]] in 644 and 648, and [[Kucha]] in 648. ...kic Khaganate|Second Turkic Empire]] defeated the fragmented Western Turks in 712, and absorbed the tribes into the new empire.

...oscow, 'Science', 1967, Ch.16, http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/OT/ot16.htm (In Russian)</ref> ...the "right wing" ''on shadapyt'', "nushibi" is a colloquial pronunciation in modern Han dialect of the Chinese hieroglyphs for "right wing", ''modern Ch

|caption = Göktürk petroglyphs from Mongolia (6th to 8th century) |regions = [[Central Asia]]

[[Image:Scythia-Parthia 100 BC.png|thumb|300px|Scythia and Parthia in about 170 BC (before the [[Yuezhi]] invaded Bactria).]] ...in]] and [[Taklamakan desert]] region of [[Northwest China]], they settled in [[Kingdom of Khotan|Khotan]] and [[Kashgar]] which were at various times [[

...|year=1997|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|isbn=978-1-57506-020-0|page=284|quote=In the Middle Persian period (Parthian and Sasanian Empires), Aramaic was the ...an language|Parthian]] (administration, until the late 3rd-century) spoken in the north and east, and by the [[seven Parthian clans]]){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|

|continent = Asia |year_leader2 = 9th century

| designation1_free1value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia|Asia-Pacific]] |piccap="Silk Road" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters

...orheic basin]] (a basin without outflows) located between [[Europe]] and [[Asia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Caspian Sea|url=http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Asi

| map_caption = The Dzungarian Gate in Kazakhstan on the border of China. ...er [[Lake Alakol]] (also unlabeled) lies to its northwest, over the border in [[Kazakhstan]]. The valley of the Dzungarian Gate (yellow, given its elevat

|region = [[North Asia|North]], [[Central Asia|Central]], and [[West Asia]], and [[Eastern Europe]] ...golian, and Tungusic are unrelated." Johanna Nichols, Linguistic Diversity in Space and Time (1992, Chicago), pg. 4.</ref><ref>"Careful examination indic

| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kazakhstan | established_date = 10th century BC

|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan ...алинск'''}}, '''Karkaraly''', '''Karkaralinsk''') is the oldest town in Karaganda Oblast ([[Karaganda Region]]). Karkaraly is also known as '''Kark

{{For|the villages in Iran|Taraz, Iran (disambiguation){{!}}Taraz, Iran}} |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan

...irate]] of Ashina-Ashide-[[Basmyl]]. It turned out that a main achievement in that publication became the etymology of the name of the Kagan tribe Ashin ...ancient and medieval periods, ethnical composition and movement of tribes in the Western Turkic [[Kaganate]], pre-[[Mongols|Mongolian]] period (10th–1

...s a related ethnic group also called ''Gagavuz'' (or ''[[Gajal]]'') living in the European part of northwestern [[Turkey]]. ...ic group)|Macedonians]], [[Serbs]] and other Balkan populations, resulting in a high genetic distance from the [[Turkish people]] and other [[Turkic peop

...Mongolian plateau]] in the 12th century CE. The name "Tatar" first appears in written form on the [[Kul Tigin]] monument as 𐱃𐱃𐰺 (''TaTaR''). His The [[Mongol Empire]], established under [[Genghis Khan]] in 1206, [[wikt:subjugation|subjugated]] the Tatars. Under the leadership of G

...= <ref>[http://www.stat.kz/news/Pages/pr_04_02_10.aspx Ethnic groups in Kazakhstan, official estimation 2010-01-01 based on National Census 2009]</ ...ame="USCB">{{cite web|title=PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES, Universe: Foreign-born population excluding population b

|group = Uyghurs in Kazakhstan |related = [[Chinese people in Kazakhstan]]

...M in Kazakhstan, 1 M in Belarus, 0.6 M Latvia, 0.6 M in Uzbekistan, 0.6 M in Kyrgyzstan. Up to 10 million [[Russian diaspora]] elsewhere (mostly America ...w.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab5.xls Ethnic groups in Russia], 2010 census, Rosstat. Retrieved 15 February 2012 {{ru icon}}</ref>

[[File:China-Xinjiang.png|thumb|200px|Xinjiang's location in the [[People's Republic of China]]]] ...ntier") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led [[Qing dynasty]] in 1759. Xinjiang is now a part of the [[People's Republic of China]], having

|office7 = Deputy to the<br> 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th [[Supreme People's Assembly]] ...the [[List of countries by number of troops|fourth-largest standing army]] in the world. Kim's leadership is thought to have been even more authoritarian

...mb|[[Kazakh cuisine|Kazakh food]] preparation began to develop in the 13th century]] ...ak.jpg|thumb|This 19th-century '''Star Kazak''' carpet sold for US$188,000 in 1999]]