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| caption = Sergei Lukyanenko in 2011 | genre = [[Science Fiction]], [[Fantasy Fiction|Fantasy]]

| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] |time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]]

|caption = Timur Bekmambetov in March 2012 ...r and cinema set design. It was during this period that Bekmambetov served in the [[Soviet Army]], which inspired him to write ''[[Peshavar Waltz]]''.<re

...milar to ''[[kefir]]'', but is produced from a liquid [[starter culture]], in contrast to the solid ''kefir'' "grains". Because mare's milk contains more .... Before [[fermentation (food)|fermentation]], the cow's milk is fortified in one of several ways. [[Sucrose]] may be added to allow a comparable ferment

|established = 1992 ..., ''master's'', and ''doctoral'' degree curricula. Most classes are taught in English and strive to create and transfer knowledge relevant to Central Asi

...ng chairmanship of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe in 2010. ...the Secretary of State represents his interests in international affairs, in relations with the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan, state bodies,

...) (1 October 1912 – 4 July 2003) is the most recognized Kazakh scientist in the energy sector. He was a Doctor of Sciences, Professor, Founder of the ...ew Kazak Science Leader|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/04/new-kazak-science-leader.html|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 1964-04-04|access-date =

...ack and slash]] [[Platform game|platformer]] set in a [[dystopian]] future in the year 2048 and features a wide range of settings that dramatically affec ...Striders” shortly after the character's 1988 debut as the main character in a [[manga]] titled ''Strider Hiryu''.<br /> Hiryu went on to become the mai

{{for|the village in Kyrgyzstan|Alash, Kyrgyzstan}} '''National Patriotic Party''' - '''Alash''' is a [[political party]] in [[Kazakhstan]], stated as national-patriotic party. The party has, since 19

...proclaimed)</small><br/>[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1992)|CPSU (1992)]] <small>(self-proclaimed) ...transl|ru|''Kommunisticheskaya partiya Sovetskogo Soyuza''}}), abbreviated in English as '''CPSU''',{{efn|Sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist P

== Career in Soviet Union == ...iplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR in Moscow in a training course for senior diplomats.

...sia and Belarus, transformed into the [[Eurasian Economic Community]] then in 2015 into the [[Eurasian Economic Union]]. President Nazarbayev has priorit ...n&id=132061</ref> Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region.<ref name=TW1>{

...ficer and Deputy Administrator for the [[Coalition Provisional Authority]] in Baghdad (November 2013 - June 2014), [[United States Ambassador to Kuwait|A ...nt, California and earned a [[Master's degree|master's]] and [[doctorate]] in business/[[statistics]] from the [[University of Wisconsin, Madison]].

*[[Shamshi Kaldayakov]] (1930-1992), composer ...), (also referred to as Ospan) fighter for the freedom of the Qazaq people in [[Xinjiang]]

| caption =Participation in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ...read of [[nuclear weapon]]s and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of [[Nuclear technology|nuclear energy]], and to further

| date_signed = 5 June 1992 ...ence of Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity in October in [[Nagoya]], Japan, the Nagoya Protocol was adopted.<ref name=autogenerated1

...]], it applies to arbitrations which are not considered as domestic awards in the state where recognition and enforcement is sought. Though other interna ...esentative to the United Nations and [[Oscar Schachter]], a leading figure in international law who later taught at [[Columbia Law School]] and the Colum

...dopted by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] on 16 December 1966, and in force from 3 January 1976.<ref name=refworld/> It commits its parties to wo ...Council]] was given the task of drafting it.<ref name=ohchr-fs2/> Early on in the process, the document was split into a declaration setting forth genera

#REDIRECT[[International Science and Technology Center]] {{DEFAULTSORT:International Science and Technology Center, Agreement establishing}}

...[equality under the law]]. The Convention has served as the major catalyst in the global movement from viewing persons with disabilities as objects of ch ...s |date=2016-10-12 |accessdate=2017-04-20}}</ref> In December 2012, a vote in the United States Senate fell six votes short of the two-thirds majority re

...w.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/plea-open-science-zika|title=A plea for open science on Zika|website=www.sciencemag.org|access-date=2016-04-02}}</ref> The Protocol was adopted on 29 October 2010 in [[Nagoya]], Japan, and entered into force on 12 October 2014. It has been r

...cal trouble shooting, negotiating and generic problem solving capability)] in Gesellschaftliche Komplexität und kollektive Handlungsfähigkeit (Societys ...ist of treaties by number of parties|first universally ratified treaties]] in United Nations history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unep.org/Documents.Mu

...ut binding targets}} {{legend|#EEEE00|Annex B parties with binding targets in the first period but which withdrew from the Protocol}} {{legend|orange|Sig | date_expiration = in force<br>(first commitment period expired 31 December 2012)<ref>http://unfc

|caption =Participation in the Chemical Weapons Convention |date_drafted = 3 September 1992<ref name=untc/>

...mi-[[Eurasian nomads|nomadic]] [[Eurasian Steppe|steppe]] people mentioned in [[China|Chinese]] records from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD. ...re last mentioned by the Chinese as having settled the [[Pamir Mountains]] in the 5th century AD. They possibly became subsumed into the later [[Hephthal

...itory and most significantly a revived Iranian national spirit and culture in an Islamic form.<ref>The Middle East: 2,000 Years of History from the Rise ...]], [[Turkmenistan]], and [[Uzbekistan]]). The Tahirid capital was located in [[Nishapur]].

...|year=1997|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|isbn=978-1-57506-020-0|page=284|quote=In the Middle Persian period (Parthian and Sasanian Empires), Aramaic was the ...an language|Parthian]] (administration, until the late 3rd-century) spoken in the north and east, and by the [[seven Parthian clans]]){{sfn|Daryaee|2008|

...es such as the [[Khazar Correspondence]], according to which at some point in the 8th–9th centuries, the ruling elite of the Khazars was said by [[Juda ...ate it.<ref name=rubin /> Despite skepticism, he reformulated the concept in 2016 by developing a novel method of genetic analysis that uses the fringe

...72|pp=25–71|}}. This figure has been calculated on the basis of the data in both Herlihy and Russell's work.</ref> ...</ref>/Gasani}}<ref>{{harvnb|Golden|2001a|p=33}}.'Somewhat later, however, in a letter to the Byzantine Emperor Basil I, dated to 871, Louis the German,

...t Representative (Ambassador) of Kazakhstan to the [[United Nations]] from 1992-1999.<ref name=Permanent>{{Cite web|url=http://www.un.int/permreps/kazaksta She became in 1992 the fourth women ambassador among 176 member states of the United Nations.

[[Image:Altynemel dune.jpg|thumb|[[Sand dune]]s in the valley of the [[Ili River]], [[Altyn-Emel National Park]].]] ...ol III: Carnivores (Feloidea).''] Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, Washington DC).</ref><ref name=CAP>{{Cite book |author1=Nowell,

|image caption = flower head of Iris tenuifolia in Kazakhstan. ...Union]] republics of); [[Kazakhstan]], [[Uzbekistan]] and [[Mongolia]] and in [[China]]. It has long greyish-green leaves, short stem and pale violet, li

...lilac, lavender, or light purple. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in [[temperateness|temperate]] regions. ...This form separates them from ''[[Iris potaninii]]''.<ref name=handbook/> In mild temperate areas, they are evergreen (lasting through the winter).<ref

== Main waste management sectors in [[Kazakhstan]] == Almost one third of industrial waste in the country is accumulated in [[Karaganda Region|Karaganda region]] - more than 8.5 billion tons by the e

.... It is recognisable by its pronounced knob atop the beak, which is larger in males. ...–49 |isbn=3-490-12518-5}}</ref> Both ''cygnus'' and ''olor'' mean "swan" in [[Latin]]; ''cygnus'' is a variant form of ''cycnus'', a borrowing from [[G

...[[gull]]. As is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus ''[[Larus]]''.<ref name=Pons2005/> The scientific name is from [[ ...[[Russia]] to [[Mongolia]]. It is [[bird migration|migratory]], wintering in the eastern [[Mediterranean]], [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]] and [[India]].

| image_caption = Eurasian wolf at Polar Zoo in Bardu, Norway ...nd [[Thracians|Thracian]] cultures, whilst having an ambivalent reputation in early [[Germanic mythology|Germanic]] cultures.<ref name="boitani2005"/>

...he 18,000 km² expanse of the Semipalatinsk Test Site (indicated in red), attached to [[Kurchatov, Kazakhstan|Kurchatov]] (along the [[Irtysh r ...he [[Soviet Union]]'s [[nuclear weapons]]. It is located on the [[steppe]] in northeast [[Kazakhstan]] (then the [[Kazakh SSR]]), south of the valley of

..., academician of the [[Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences]], Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]].<ref name="GSE"> ...urg Mining Institute|Petrograd Mining Institute]], from which he graduated in 1921.<ref name="GSE"/>

[[File:Alibek.jpg|thumb|320px|right|<center>'''Ken Alibek''' in 2003.]] ...[[microbiologist]] and [[biological warfare]] (BW) expert. He rose rapidly in the ranks of the [[Soviet Army]] to become the First Deputy Director of [[B

...ber of the [[Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences|Kazakhstan National Academy of Science]].<ref>[http://www.inform.kz/en/zhautykov-and-world-math-olympiads-bring-to Askar Serkululy Dzhumadilyavev was born on 25 April 1956 in [[Shieli District|Shieli]], [[Kyzylorda Region]], [[Kazakhstan]]. He was th

| designation1_free1value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia|Asia-Pacific]] |piccap="Silk Road" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters

...a.int/esaEO/SEM5GYTLWFE_index_0.html|accessdate = 2007-05-25}}</ref> It is in an [[endorheic basin]] (a basin without outflows) located between [[Europe] ...ains]] and to the west of the vast steppe of [[Central Asia]]. The sea bed in the southern part reaches as low as 1023 m below sea level, which is the se

{{about||the administrative subdivision|Sari County|other places named Sari in Iran}} | elevation_m = 5 northwest up to 50 in southeast

...centric rings of paired eggs. There is evidence of blue-green pigmentation in its shell, which may have helped camouflage the nests. ...interpretations are merely based on artifacts of erosion and redeposition in the early [[Paleogene]].

|caption=The Aral Sea in 1989 (left) and 2014 (right) ...f 1853 published for the ''Journal of the [[Royal Geographical Society]]'' in London]]

| map_caption = The Dzungarian Gate in Kazakhstan on the border of China. ...er [[Lake Alakol]] (also unlabeled) lies to its northwest, over the border in [[Kazakhstan]]. The valley of the Dzungarian Gate (yellow, given its elevat

{{For|the villages in Iran|Taraz, Iran (disambiguation){{!}}Taraz, Iran}} |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan

...ury shopping centres such as Petrovskiy, Smolenskiy and Novinskiy Passage. In 2012. Gutseriev began to invest into the media business, and has acquired s ...e then [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]]. He graduated from high school in [[Grozny]].

...atchagaev|first1=Mairbek|last2=|first2=|year=2005|title=The role of Sufism in the Chechen resistance|journal=North Caucasus Analysis|volume=6|issue=16|pa ...ssian army. He was killed in Tolstoy-Yurt, a village in northern Chechnya, in March 2005.<ref>[http://lenta.ru/articles/2005/12/02/bunker/ Кавказ: