Minimum Age Convention, 1973

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Template:Use dmy dates Template:More footnotes Template:Infobox treaty The Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment, is an Convention adopted in 1973 by the International Labour Organization. It requires ratifying states to pursue a national policy designed to ensure the effective abolition of child labour and to raise progressively the minimum age for admission to employment or work. The convention (number C138 of ILO) replaces several similar ILO conventions in specific fields of labour.

Minimum ages

Countries are free to specify a minimum age for labour, with a minimum of 15 years. A declaration of 14 years is also possible when for a specified period of time. Laws may also permit light work for children aged 13–15 (not harming their health or school work). The minimum age of 18 years is specified for work which "is likely to jeopardise the health, safety or morals of young persons". Definitions of the type of work and derogations are only possible after tripartite consultations (if such a system exists in the ratifying country).

Effect on other conventions

The convention is a revision of several conventions for workers in specific areas. Upon entry into force, some of these conventions were closed for ratification and becoming a party to this convention automatically resulted in denunciation of the older ones. An overview of older minimum age conventions of ILO is shown below:

ILO code Field conclusion date entry into force closure for signature Parties
(April 2011) 		Denunciations
(September 2011) 		revising convention(s) text and ratifications
C5 Industry 28 November 1919 13 June 1921 N.A. 2 70 C59, this convention Text, ratifications
C7 Sea 7 July 1920 27 September 1921 N.A. 3 50 C58, this convention, MLC Text, ratifications
C10 Agriculture 16 November 1921 31 August 1923 N.A. 4 51 this convention Text, ratifications
C15 trimmers and stokers 11 November 1921 20 November 1922 N.A. 9 60 this convention Text, ratifications
C33 Non-Industrial Employment (revised) 30 April 1932 6 June 1935 29 December 1950 2 23 C60, this convention Text, ratifications
C58 Sea (revised) 24 October 1936 11 April 1939 N.A. 15 36 this convention, MLC Text, ratifications
C59 Industry (revised) 22 June 1937 21 February 1941 19 June 1976 9 27 this convention Text, ratifications
C60 Non-Industrial Employment 22 June 1937 29 December 1950 N.A. 0 11 this convention Text, ratifications
C112 Fishermen 19 June 1959 7 November 1961 N.A. 8 21 this convention, Work in Fishing Convention Text, ratifications
C123 Underground Work 22 June 1965 10 November 1967 N.A. 22 19 this convention Text, ratifications

Ratifications

Template:Pie chartEntry into force of the treaty occurred one year after deposition of two first ratifications (Cuba and Libya). As of June 2014, 168 countries have ratified the treaty. The treaty enters for a ratifying country into force one year after ratification. The treaty can be denounced every 10 years in the year after 10 years have passed (e.g. Template:Nowrap – Template:Nowrap).

The following countries have ratified this convention:
Country Date Minimum age (years)
Afghanistan Template:Nowrap 14
Albania Template:Nowrap 16
Algeria Template:Nowrap 16
Angola Template:Nowrap 14
Antigua and Barbuda Template:Nowrap 16
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References

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External links

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