2016 Aktobe shootings

Template:Infobox civilian attack The 2016 Aktobe shootings were a spate of shootings on civilian and military targets in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, in June 2016. On 5 June, two attacks occurred at gun stores, while a third attack was aimed at a military unit. Multiple shootouts between terrorists and police occurred over the next few days. Another shooting occurred at children's camp on 8 June.<ref name="childrencamp" /> The shootings left 7 victims dead and 37 injured. Eighteen attackers were killed and nine were arrested.<ref name="bbc">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="mourning" />

Background

Terrorism and extremism are rare in Kazakhstan,<ref name="bbc" /><ref name="reuters" /> however, Aktobe was the site of Kazakhstan's first suicide bombing in 2011.<ref name="bbc" />

Despite the fact that Kazakhstan is usually peaceful, the recent plunge in petroleum prices, Kazakhstan's main export, has threatened stability in the country as was evidenced by a number of protests in April and May 2016.<ref name="reuters" /> Recent laws allowing foreigners to purchase land in Kazakhstan had also caused uproar.<ref name="ap" />

The shootings

Initial shootings

The group that committed the attacks, which numbered to at least sixteen people,<ref name="rt">Template:Cite web</ref> first robbed two gun shops early on 5 June, killing a guard and clerk at one shop and killing a customer at the other. They also wounded three policemen before three of the attackers were killed.<ref name="reuters">Template:Cite web</ref> The surviving attackers then hijacked a bus and rammed open a gate to a national guard base where they killed three servicemen and wounded nine before one attacker was killed.<ref name="reuters" />

Seven attackers were arrested.<ref name="rt" />

Later shootings

The following night after the first shootings, five more militants were killed in gun battles with police and two more were arrested.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> More police officers were reported to have been killed or injured during the firefights.<ref name="moscowtimes" />

On 8 June, a shooting occurred at a children's camp in Aktobe. A person in a white car fired at security guards from a shotgun, but no one was injured.<ref name="childrencamp" />

Early on June 10, five militants were killed and two policemen were wounded in more gun battles in Aktobe.<ref name="ap">Template:Cite web</ref>

Responsibility

The perpetrators of the shootings have been described by police press-service as "followers of radical, non-traditional religious movements", a term that usually refers to Islamic extremists in Kazakhstan.<ref name="bbc" /><ref name="reuters" />

Kazakh president Nursultan Nazarbayev has claimed that the attacks were ordered from abroad in an attempt to destabilize Kazakhstan.<ref name="mourning" />

On 10 June, Nazarbayev told his security council the attackers were salafists and probably included Islamic State militants who had returned to Kazakhstan from Syria.<ref name="ap" />

Reactions

Kazakhstan's president Nursultan Nazarbayev declared 9 June a national day of mourning. He also noted that the attacks occurred on the eve of Ramadan and claimed that the attacks were ordered from abroad. He also suggested that the attacks were an attempt to start a "colour revolution" in Kazakhstan.<ref name="mourning">Template:Cite web</ref> Nazarbayev also called for harsher criminal penalties on Kazakhs who joined militant groups, tighter security at gun shops and military installations and for stricter migration control.<ref name="ap" />

Some observers have seen attacks as evidence of rising tensions between different political groups.<ref name="ap" /> Others have stated the attack shows a weakening in president Nazarbayev's control of the country.<ref name="economist" />