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...nt which establishes a multilateral framework for cross-border cooperation in the [[energy industry]]. The treaty covers all aspects of commercial energy ...arly-10 year long [[Yukos shareholders vs. Russia|Yukos]] case was decided in favor of the claimants on the basis of the Treaty, with a record-breaking $

...ut binding targets}} {{legend|#EEEE00|Annex B parties with binding targets in the first period but which withdrew from the Protocol}} {{legend|orange|Sig | date_expiration = in force<br>(first commitment period expired 31 December 2012)<ref>http://unfc

...hina and [[Kazakhstan]]. As of November 2007, about 1% of the $600 billion in goods shipped from Asia to Europe each year were delivered by inland transp Completed in 1916, the Trans-Siberian connects Moscow with Russian Pacific seaports such

| map = Baku pipelines.svg ...= [[Azerbaijan]]<br/>[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]<br/>[[Turkey]]

| photo = Baku pipelines.svg ...re it would connect with the existing pipeline to Erzurum in Turkey, which in turn would be connected to the Southern Gas Corridor, thus taking natural g

{{redirect|Sangachal|the village in Azerbaijan|Sanqaçal}} | type = Oil and Gas Terminal

{{Infobox Oil field ...%), [[Statoil]] (15.5%), [[LukAgip]] (10%), [[National Iranian Oil Company|Oil Industries Engineering & Construction (OIEC)]] (10%).<ref name="statoil.com

{{Infobox oil field | name = Chirag oil field

| type = oil | map = Baku pipelines.svg

| type = oil | map = Baku pipelines.svg

| type = oil | map = Baku pipelines.svg

...hkala–Kazi Magomed pipeline''' is a natural gas pipeline from [[Mozdok]] in [[North Ossetia]] through [[Chechnya]] and [[Dagestan]] to [[Azerbaijan]].< |title= Soviet oil and gas to 1990

...a.int/esaEO/SEM5GYTLWFE_index_0.html|accessdate = 2007-05-25}}</ref> It is in an [[endorheic basin]] (a basin without outflows) located between [[Europe] ...ains]] and to the west of the vast steppe of [[Central Asia]]. The sea bed in the southern part reaches as low as 1023 m below sea level, which is the se

|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan ...due to the [[Taras Shevchenko|eponymous Ukrainian poet's]] period of exile in the area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aboutkazakhstan.com/aktau-city|publishe

...tan}} |{{flagcountry|Pakistan}} |{{flagcountry|Tajikistan}} |{{flagcountry|Turkey}}| {{flagcountry|Turkmenistan}} |{{flagcountry|Uzbekistan}} | |{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Turkish lira|Lira]]&nbsp;{{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|TRY]])}}

{{For|transport in the Soviet Union|Transport in the Soviet Union}} ...emote from world markets. Therefore, the need for efficient transportation in Kazakhstan is great.

...It operates passenger services to [[Russia]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[Turkey]] and within the Asian republics. Its main base is [[Atyrau Airport]].<ref The airline started operations in May 1997.<ref name="FI"/> In November 2000, [[Atyrau Airways]] and [[Atyrau Airport]] were transferred t

...ust 2013}} The coordinating INOGATE Technical Secretariat was discontinued in April 2016. ...on, (excluding the Russian Federation and the Baltic States, but including Turkey), and concentrating on four key topics: