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...airport in [[Kazakhstan]] located {{Convert|16.7|km|abbr=on}} southeast of the capital [[Astana]].<ref name="AIP"/> ==History==

...ash;1969). Liquidator of [[Chernobyl disaster]]. Member of the Russian and the Kazakh [[PEN club]]s. ...h national epic song [[Kyz-Zhibek]]. His translations into Russian include Turkish poet [[Nazim Hikmet]], French poet [[Paul Valéry]] and others.

| notableworks = ''The Blood and Sweat'' ...ure. He was born in [[Kyzylorda]] region, in the neighborhood of Ushkon of the village Kulandy situated in Aral area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kazakh

...itetibektashi.org">{{cite web | author= | title= The World Headquarters of the Bektashi Order&nbsp;– Tirana, Albania | publisher= komunitetibektashi.org ...sion.gov.iq/usan/en/articledisplay.aspx?gid=1&id=6168|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Iraq)]]|access-date=18 April 2012}}</ref><br>

...pıra''', '''tumra'''}}; {{lang-tr|'dombıra'}}) is a long-necked [[Turkic people|Turkic]] [[lute]] and a musical [[string instrument]]. The instrument shares some of its characteristics with the [[komuz]] and [[dutar]].

...ated to certain other [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] [[string instruments]] and the [[lute]].<ref>http://stringedinstrumentdatabase.aornis.com/</ref> ...and upside down. An illustration of a komuz is featured on the reverse of the [[Kyrgyzstani som|one-som note]].

== History and shows ==

| Caption = [[Flag of Kazakhstan]] ...[Kazakhstan]] will be hosting the [[Bala Turkvision Song Contest 2017]] at the [[Saryarka Velodrome]], in [[Astana]].

{{For|the Kazakh television station of the same name|Kazakhstan (channel)}} ...sruptive and POV issues. Feel free to reduce, but I don't see an end, thus the long term protection.|small=yes}}

| caption = A bottle and glass of kumis ...stication: New Genetic and Archaeological Paradigms | publisher=University of California Press | year=2006 | isbn=0-520-24638-1 | pages=.264}}</ref>

...ine|Lebanon]], [[Mongolian cuisine|Mongolia]], [[Syrian cuisine|Syria]], [[Turkish cuisine|Turkey]], [[Tajik cuisine|Tajikistan]], [[Turkmen cuisine|Turkmenis ...sour milk]] by forming it and letting it dry. It can be made in a variety of forms, including rolled into balls, sliced into strips, and formed into chu

| alexa = {{IncreaseNegative}} 12,619 ({{as of|2017|04|06|alt=April 2017}})<ref name="alexa">{{cite web|url= http://www.al ...[AOL]] but constructed and maintained by a [[virtual community|community]] of volunteer editors.

|established_event1 = IX summit of the Heads of Turkic-speaking states ...t the scientific cooperation across the Turkic world, help the initiatives of scholars from Turkic-speaking states and organize academic meetings on a re

{{Politics of Kazakhstan}} ...tasks-president-facilitating-economic-diplomacy|publisher=Foreign Ministry of Kazakhstan}}</ref>

|linking_name = the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia ...lose link between peace, security and stability in Asia and in the rest of the world.

| name = Hague Convention of 1954 ...= Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict

...me = Convention on International Transport of Goods Under Cover of TIR Carnets ...erations can be established}}{{legend|#00ff00|Other Contracting Parties to the Convention<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/tir/system/tir-system-co

| condition_effective = ratification by 8 States, 4 of which have significant patenting activity<ref>{{PCT Article|63}}</ref> | depositor = Director-General of the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO)<ref>{{PCT Article|68}}<

{{Redirect|Semirechye|the pig breed|Semirechensk}} {{For|the football club based in Taldykorgan|FC Zhetysu}}

...Central Asia''' showing three sets of possible [[Eurasia]]n boundaries for the region]] ...ough many territorial divisions before the current borders were created in the 1920s and 1930s.

| image = Photo of Eugene Schuyler, American Consul-General in Constantinople.jpg ...es, Document No. 276, Compilation of Treaties in Force, Prepared Under Act of July 7, 1898 |volume= |edition= |publisher= Government Printing Office |p

|conflict=[[Mongol]] conquest of Khwarezmia |partof=the [[Mongol invasion of Central Asia]]

{{History of the Turks pre-14th century}} {{History of Kazakhstan}}

...r burial mound Tenlik (III.-II. B.C.) The Tenlik kurgan is associated with the Wusun.<ref name="Zadneprovskiy"/>]] ...] people mentioned in [[China|Chinese]] records from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD.

| title = [[Khagan]] of the [[Turgesh]] ...xecuted in 744. Some Arabic sources, however, record that he was killed by the Arabs in 739.

{{History of Kazakhstan}} ...tory and ideology"'', p. 144</ref> Two more tribes were the descendents of the Eastern "weak Huns" (Ch. [[Yueban]]) - [[Chumuhun]] and Chuban.<ref>Gumilev

{{About|the Khitan state|the Turkic state|Kara-Khanid Khanate}} |status = [[Sinicization|Sinicized]] [[Khitan people|Khitan]] empire<br />in [[Central Asia]]

{{for|empires established by the Göktürks|Turkic Khaganate}} ...es which would shape the future geolocation, culture, and dominant beliefs of [[Turkic peoples]].

|conflict = Russo–Khivan War of 1839–1840 |partof = [[Russian conquest of Turkestan]]

|conflict = Russian conquest of Central Asia |partof = the [[Russian conquests]]

...0. The [[Temryuk Bay]] is shown at the centre, and the [[Taman Bay]] is at the bottom left.]] ....org/index_679f6b74bb1f14a184730017f0000011_en.html "Greek colonization in the northern Black Sea area"]. German Archaeological Institute. Retrieved 4 Apr

...]] and [[Asia]] by such groups as the [[Radhanites]] and the early [[Rus' (people)|Rus]]. ...riginator of the term is unknown but it was in use by scholars as early as the nineteenth century.

...ece together an incomplete picture of Khazar society and chronology of its history. ...[[Judaism]] has resulted in many works of speculative fiction dealing with the Khazars, their dealings with other nations, their society and their religio

...ري}}) was a leading commander in the [[Turkic peoples|Turkish]] army of the [[Abbasid]] caliph [[al-Mu'tasim]] (r. 833-842 C.E.). ...Turkish" guard, and participated in several expeditions such as the [[Sack of Amorium]].

...] remains uncertain: the evidence used to tie the Ashkenazi communities to the Khazars is exiguous and subject to conflicting interpretations.<ref name=Ad ...wish-arts-and-culture/books/176580/yiddishland 'The Mystery of the Origins of Yiddish Will Never Be Solved,'] [[Tablet (magazine)|Tablet]] 23 June 2014</

*Kingdom of Khazaria |image_p2 = <span style="margin-left: 3px;>[[File:The Monogram of Kubrat.png|26px|link=Old Great Bulgaria]]</span>

|extinct=by the 13th century ...Turkic language family, while another consideration is that it belongs to the [[Shaz-Turkic|Oghuz ("shaz")]] branch.

...ory|Arab History]], Nations of [[Islam]] and [[Africa]] and the History of the [[Khazars]]. ...ifa]] where Polak also attended high-school between the years 1924-1929 at the [[Hebrew Reali School]].<ref>''Officer's questionnaire form'' - 1953-05-21,

...r of Culture and Information and [[Temirkhan Dosmukhanbetov]] the Minister of Tourism.<ref name=SPLIT>[http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2006/03/280306.asp K ...2340,dwp_uuid=4e612cca-6707-11da-a650-0000779e2340,print=yes.html Election history in Kazakhstan leaves opposition with little hope] Financial Times</ref>

{{redirect|Calpack|the community in California|Calpack, California}} [[Image:Atatürk.jpg|right|thumb|[[Atatürk]] wearing a Turkish-style kalpak]]

{{About|the series of trade routes|other uses|Silk Road (disambiguation)}} | map_alt = Map of Eurasia with drawn lines for overland and maritime routes

| map_caption = Location of Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline | partners = [[BP]], [[State Oil Company of Azerbaijan|SOCAR]], [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]], [[Statoil]], [[Türkiy

...captured by the [[Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer|MODIS]] on the orbiting [[Terra (satellite)|Terra satellite]], June 2003 |islands = [[:Category:Islands of the Caspian Sea|26+]]

{{Other uses of}} |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Derbent (Dagestan) (2014).jpg

{{About||the administrative subdivision|Rasht County|the valley in Tajikistan|Rasht Valley}} |dialect =Rashti(kind of Gilaki)

|subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|City]] ...ve Power. Resume |accessdate=2010-12-29}}</ref> Two settlements are within the city administration: [[Corat|Jorat]] and [[Hacı Zeynalabdin|Haji Zeynalabd

|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] ...hnic [[Russians|Russian]], [[Armenians]] and [[Azeri]]. As the terminus of the [[Trans-Caspian Railway]], it was an important transportation center.

|nickname = [[City of Winds]] ...ku montage. Clicking on an image in the picture causes the browser to load the appropriate article.

...s of the World, An Introduction (2012, Cambridge) has a good discussion of the Altaic hypothesis (pp. 211-216).</ref> ....rinet.ru |date= |accessdate=18 June 2013}}</ref> The group is named after the [[Altai Mountains|Altai mountain range]] in [[Central Asia]].

|group = Altai people |flag = Flag of Altai Republic.svg