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| website = [https://nlrk.kz/page.php?lang=3 Official website in English] ...adley |last2=Bloom |first2=Greg |last3=Clammer |first3=Paul |title=Central Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B9m-hrsrtfYC&pg=PA177 |accessdate=10

| name = Central Asia–China gas pipeline ...Pipeline transport|pipeline]] system from [[Central Asia]] to [[Xinjiang]] in the [[China|People's Republic of China]].

...TV Channel Sport Ratified An Agreement On KHL Championship Games Broadcast In 2009/2010 Season |publisher=en.khl.ru |accessdate=25 August 2009 |deadurl=y ...mier professional ice hockey league in [[Europe]] and [[Asia]], and second in the world behind the [[National Hockey League|NHL]].<ref>{{cite web|url=htt

...publisher= komunitetibektashi.org | url=http://www.komunitetibektashi.org/in.php?fq=brenda&gj=gj1&kid=1 ...arsi]]s)<ref name="www.iranicaonline.org">{{cite web|title=Nowruz observed in Indian subcontinent|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/nowruz-ii/|pu

{{Distinguish |Television in Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan (channel)}} | former names = '''CaspioNet''' (2002–2012)

...ww.stat.kz</ref> it has a territory of 2,727,300&nbsp;km² (greater than [[Western Europe]]). It is bordered by [[Russia]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Turkmenistan]], ...ies by population|62nd largest]] population in the world, with a [[List of countries by population density|population density]] of less than 6&nbsp;people per s

| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] |time_zone = [[Time in Kazakhstan|West{{\}}East]]

...cked many Oscar prognosticators when the obscure ''Kelin'' was shortlisted in 2010 over better-known films for Italy, Korea, Norway and others. Ultimatel ...otion Picture Arts and Sciences has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language F

...lnik and stars [[Tadanobu Asano]], [[Sun Honglei]] and [[Chuluuny Khulan]] in the main roles. ''Mongol'' explores abduction, kinship and the repercussion ...illion in sales through international release for a combined $26.5 million in gross revenue. The film was a minor financial success after its theatrical

{{Women in society sidebar}} ...and economic changes and instability after independence, and new emerging Western values.

| image = [[File:Mantu in a steamer.jpg|250px]] | caption = Mantu in a steamer before cooking

...transl|ru|''Kommunisticheskaya partiya Sovetskogo Soyuza''}}), abbreviated in English as '''CPSU''',{{efn|Sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist P ...rty]]), a revolutionary group led by [[Vladimir Lenin]] which seized power in the aftermath of the [[October Revolution]] of 1917. The party was dissolve

...=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-09-08}}</ref> In April 2015, Nazarbayev [[Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015|was re-ele ...esided over an authoritarian regime.<ref name="dissent"/> No election held in [[Kazakhstan]] since independence has met international standards.<ref name

...sia and Belarus, transformed into the [[Eurasian Economic Community]] then in 2015 into the [[Eurasian Economic Union]]. President Nazarbayev has priorit ...</ref> Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region.<ref name=TW1>{{cite web|tit

...] of 13 July 1931 to include the vast number of synthetic opioids invented in the intervening thirty years and a mechanism for more easily including new ...armaceuticals, and the [[United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances]], which strengthens provisions

...d Godesberg, a suburb of [[Bonn]] (hence the name), and entered into force in 1983. The depositary is the government of the [[Federal Republic of Germany ...tat." Further in Article 2(2) The Parties "acknowledge" [but do not commit in stronger language, cf Art 2(3) "shall"] "the need to take action to avoid a

...rate]]s, [[benzodiazepine]]s, and [[Psychedelic drug|psychedelics]] signed in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]] on 21 February 1971. The [[Single Convention on Nar ...ry on the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Commentary, published in 1976, is an invaluable aid to interpreting the treaty and constitutes a key

...dum of Understanding]] and came into effect on 1 July 1993 and was amended in January 1999. It was the first MoU to be concluded under the auspices of th ...was concluded and entered into effect on 1 July 1993 and was later revised in January 1999.

...e = CEDAW Participation.svg|right|400px|thumb| Participation in the CEDAW ...mination Against Women''' ('''CEDAW''') is an international treaty adopted in 1979 by the [[United Nations General Assembly]].

|long_name = The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora |wikisource = Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

...ut binding targets}} {{legend|#EEEE00|Annex B parties with binding targets in the first period but which withdrew from the Protocol}} {{legend|orange|Sig | date_expiration = in force<br>(first commitment period expired 31 December 2012)<ref>http://unfc

| image = Photo of Eugene Schuyler, American Consul-General in Constantinople.jpg ...sion, House of Representatives, Document No. 276, Compilation of Treaties in Force, Prepared Under Act of July 7, 1898 |volume= |edition= |publisher=

{{Infobox Former Country |region = Central Asia

...lt=World map, with Kazakhstan in green|Location of Kazakhstan in [[Central Asia]]]] ...stan. Modern ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' appeared from 40,000 to 12,000 years ago in southern, central, and eastern Kazakhstan. After the end of the [[last glac

{{Infobox Former Country |continent = Asia

{{Infobox Former Country |conventional_long_name = Onoq ("Ten Arrows")<br> Western Turkic Khaganate

...Ili River|Ili]] Basin region, also known as [[Zhetysu]] occupied by Russia in 1871 during the [[Dungan Revolt (1862–77)|Dungan Revolt]] up to 1881.<ref ...ate unless Chung Hao was released and this was backed by the other powers. In August 1880 Chung Hao was released and negotiations resumed. The Treaty of

...d into the administration of the [[Russian Empire]]. It was located in the western part of modern-day [[Kazakhstan]]. The land spread on 71,000 square kilomet ...population consisted primarily from 5 thousand families of [[Junior Juz]]. In a middle of 19th century population grew to 200 thousand people.<ref>[http:

...es such as the [[Khazar Correspondence]], according to which at some point in the 8th–9th centuries, the ruling elite of the Khazars was said by [[Juda ...ate it.<ref name=rubin /> Despite skepticism, he reformulated the concept in 2016 by developing a novel method of genetic analysis that uses the fringe

{{Infobox Former Country |continent = Asia

...e:KazakhBallotBox.jpg|thumb|200px|Ballot boxes, Kazakh flag and state seal in an Astana polling place before the 2007 legislative elections.]] '''Elections in Kazakhstan''' are held on a national level to elect a [[President of Kazakh

...1/09/18/15542.html Kazakhstan, Russia ready for close cooperation with USA in combating extremism] Pravda</ref> ...bassador to the United States in July 2007. The Ambassador has been quoted in the past as being opposed to the film ''[[Borat]]'', but has seemed to take

...t]] and China. It has long thin grey green leaves, long stems and 1 flower in pale violet, blue violet, lavender or light blue. ...ght to be a form of ''[[Iris tenuifolia]]''.<ref name=cassidy/> Especially in China.<ref name=efloras/>

...(plant)|Iris]]'', in the subgenus ''[[Iris subg. Limniris|Limniris]]'' and in the ''[[Iris series Tenuifoliae|Tenuifoliae series]]'' of the species. It i ...[[Uzbekistan]]. It has long strap-like leaves, a long stem and 2-3 flowers in shades of violet, dark blue, to lavender blue.

|image caption = flower head of Iris tenuifolia in Kazakhstan. ...Union]] republics of); [[Kazakhstan]], [[Uzbekistan]] and [[Mongolia]] and in [[China]]. It has long greyish-green leaves, short stem and pale violet, li

{{redirect|Blue iris|the former porn star and Howard Stern Show personality|The Wack Pack}} ...mental plant in [[temperateness|temperate]] regions and hybridized for use in the garden. It has several [[subspecies]]; ''[[Iris spuria subsp. carthalin

...t Socialist Republics as a renewed federation of equal sovereign republics in which the rights and freedom of an individual of any nationality will be fu ...[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p492 ISBN 0-19-924958-X</ref> </blockquote>

== Main waste management sectors in [[Kazakhstan]] == Almost one third of industrial waste in the country is accumulated in [[Karaganda Region|Karaganda region]] - more than 8.5 billion tons by the e

| image_caption = In captivity ...usin of the [[bald eagle]] and occupies the same [[ecological niche]], but in [[Eurasia]].

...nderer to western Europe, and in August 2004 a red-footed falcon was found in [[North America]] for the first time on the island of [[Martha's Vineyard]] ...–|34|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length with a wingspan of {{convert|65|–|75|cm|in|abbr=on}}. The average mass is {{convert|155|g|oz|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Wasse

.... It is recognisable by its pronounced knob atop the beak, which is larger in males. ...–49 |isbn=3-490-12518-5}}</ref> Both ''cygnus'' and ''olor'' mean "swan" in [[Latin]]; ''cygnus'' is a variant form of ''cycnus'', a borrowing from [[G

...|abbr=on}} and the [[Tarsus (skeleton)|tarsus]] is {{convert|5.8|to|7.7|cm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Olsen/> The Caspian gull has a long, slender bill, acce ...ll numbers are now seen regularly in [[Great Britain|Britain]], especially in [[South-east England]], [[East Anglia]] and the [[English Midlands|Midlands

<!--This article is in Commonwealth English--> ...was introduced by the French naturalist [[Bernard Germain de Lacépède]] in 1799.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Lacépède | first=Bernard Germain de | autho

...family. It breeds from southeastern [[Europe]] to [[India]] and [[China]] in swamps and shallow lakes. The nest is a crude heap of vegetation. ...ving bird, rivaling those of the [[great albatross]]es (''Diomedea'' ssp., in particular the two largest species, the [[wandering albatross]] and [[south

...h century. The Mongolian subspecies (''S. t. mongolica'') is found only in western Mongolia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Saiga/mongolian Saiga (''Saiga tatarica'')| ...relationship between the two, till [[phylogenetics|phylogenetic]] studies in the 1990s revealed that though morphologically similar, the Tibetan antelop

...ive to [[Central Asia]]. It was declared [[Endangered species|Endangered]] in 2016.<ref name=IUCN/> ...Israel]], where the subspecies are making hybrids with [[Persian onager]]s in the wild.

| image_caption = Eurasian wolf at Polar Zoo in Bardu, Norway ...nd [[Thracians|Thracian]] cultures, whilst having an ambivalent reputation in early [[Germanic mythology|Germanic]] cultures.<ref name="boitani2005"/>

|caption=Brezhnev in [[East Berlin]] in 1967 ...beginning of [[Era of Stagnation|an era of economic and social stagnation in the Soviet Union]].

...ital investment and 64.5% of direct foreign investment, of which 63.5% was in the oil sector.<ref name="usgs" /> Kazakhstan's mining industry is estimate ...elopment and testing in the Semipalatinsk region. Significant improvements in the environmental situation of the northern [[Aral Sea]] area has been made

...]. As of November 2007, about 1% of the $600 billion in goods shipped from Asia to Europe each year were delivered by inland transport routes.<ref>Berk.</r ...ranscontinental freight to dwindle. One factor is that the railways of the former [[Soviet Union]] use a wider [[rail gauge]] than most of the rest of Europe