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| 20.61% [[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]] ...akhstan citizens. Do not change it to Kazakh, which is the demonym for the ethnic group--><ref name="CIA">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world

...as a military alliance. Uzbekistan rejoined the CSTO in 2006 but withdrew in 2012. ...|archivedate=27 February 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> It suspended its membership in 2012. The CSTO is an observer organization at the [[United Nations General

...=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-09-08}}</ref> In April 2015, Nazarbayev [[Kazakhstani presidential election, 2015|was re-ele ...esided over an authoritarian regime.<ref name="dissent"/> No election held in [[Kazakhstan]] since independence has met international standards.<ref name

...requires its parties to outlaw [[hate speech]] and criminalize membership in racist organizations.<ref name=Art4>ICERD, Article 4.</ref> ...Lack of time prevented this from being considered by the General Assembly in 1961,<ref>United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1684 (XVI), 18 Decembe

...://www.eurasianet.org/departments/culture/articles/eav042203.shtml |title= Ethnic Kazakhs Find Titular Homeland to be Economic Haven |last=Kueppers |first= A ...ers Alertnet|date=2003-09-03|accessdate=2010-06-08|title=Special report on ethnic Kazakhs and the struggle to return - Continued|url=http://www.irinnews.org/

...right|300px|alt=World map, with Kazakhstan in green|Location of Kazakhstan in [[Central Asia]]]] ...stan. Modern ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' appeared from 40,000 to 12,000 years ago in southern, central, and eastern Kazakhstan. After the end of the [[last glac

...es such as the [[Khazar Correspondence]], according to which at some point in the 8th–9th centuries, the ruling elite of the Khazars was said by [[Juda ...ate it.<ref name=rubin /> Despite skepticism, he reformulated the concept in 2016 by developing a novel method of genetic analysis that uses the fringe

...72|pp=25–71|}}. This figure has been calculated on the basis of the data in both Herlihy and Russell's work.</ref> ...re-14th century}}{{History of Tatarstan}}{{History of Russia}}{{History of Ukraine}}

...ic|Kazakhstan]] 1897–1970. The number of Kazakhs and Ukrainans decreased in 1932–1933 due to famine.]] ...et-space |title=The Kazakh Famine of 1930–33 and the Politics of History in the Post-Soviet Space |publisher=Wilson Center |date=2012-03-26 |accessdate

| designation1_free1value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia|Asia-Pacific]] |piccap="Silk Road" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters

...e [[Avars (Caucasian)|Avars]] and [[Laks (Dagestan)|Laks]] as the largest groups. ...leading to a renewed conflict between the Russian Federation and militants in the North Caucasus region.

File:Baku montage3.jpg|275px|alt=Baku montage. Clicking on an image in the picture causes the browser to load the appropriate article. ...18 447 1200 1056 [[Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall|Philharmony Fountain in front of the Magomayev Philharmonic Hall]]

{{Infobox ethnic group ...ks]] (later Orenburg Cossacks) with Swedish ancestry, related to the large groups of Swedish prisoners of the [[Great Northern War]] (1700–1721).

|pushpin_map_caption = The location of Astana in Kazakhstan |established_date = in 1830 as Akmoly{{sfn|Pospelov|1993|pp=24–25}}

...ame = Павлодар <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |image_caption = Mashkhur Jusup Central Mosque in Pavlodar

...morial; Park of the First President; Nur Ghasyr Mosque at night; Fountains in the Park of the First President; St. Nicolas Cathedral. |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan

...6-98/f96-98.htm The New Russia of Vladimir Zhirinovsky: Fascist Tendencies in the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia] ([[NATO]])</ref><ref name=abroadath ...imea, Yanukovich reappears|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/02/28/uk-ukraine-idUKBREA1H0EM20140228|date=28 February 2014|publisher=Reuters}}</ref>

...n/|accessdate=5 August 2015|publisher=Russia Today}}</ref> It participated in the EAEU from the day of its establishment as an acceding state.<ref name=F ...Minister Vladimir Putin "A new integration project for Eurasia: The future in the making"|url=http://www.russianmission.eu/en/news/article-prime-minister

[[File:Kazakhstan European 2016 Rus.png|thumb|European people in Kazakhstan, 2016.]] ...hs]] (66.48%) and ethnic [[Russians]] (20.61%) with a wide array of other groups represented, including [[Ukrainians]], [[Uzbeks]], [[German people|Germans]

{{Infobox ethnic group ...nie/demografiya_2/current-data/demographic-situation/demographic-situation-in-2015/|archivedate=3 February 2016}}</ref>

...ussia and Ukraine, this number had declined to 796,000 by 1998 and 456,997 in the 2009 census.<ref name = "Coordinating">[http://www.uvkr.com.ua/ua/struc ...ssian government to Kazakhstan after their failed [[Koliyivschyna|uprising in 1768]].<ref name = "Coordinating"/>

{{infobox ethnic group| |region6 = {{flag|Ukraine}}

{{Infobox ethnic group |region5={{flagcountry|Ukraine}}

{{Infobox ethnic group ...>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/15696|title=People groups: Ukrainian|work=Joshua Project|date=|accessdate=15 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{

...e 1800s|Muslims in China that are sometimes still referred to by this name in Central Asian languages|Hui people}} {{Infobox ethnic group

{{Infobox ethnic group | region2 = {{flagcountry|Ukraine}}

{{Infobox ethnic group ...e value was preserved at 0.104% level it would be no less than 1.4 million in 2008</ref>

{{Infobox ethnic group | region3 = {{flag|Ukraine}} (including Crimea)

{{Infobox ethnic group ...ics/conflict/baylis_strategy3e/01student/cases/chechnya.pdf |title=The War in Chechnya |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2014-02-04}}</ref> to 2 million<ref

{{Infobox ethnic group ...uzsci.net/portal/library/atlas/ethnic_minorities.pdf |title=Uzbekistan – Ethnic minorities |publisher= |accessdate=2011-06-03}}</ref>

{{About|Uzbeks as an ethnic group|information about citizens of [[Uzbekistan]]|Demographics of Uzbekist {{Infobox ethnic group

{{About|the East Slavic ethnic group, regardless of country of citizenship|all citizens of Russia, regardl {{Infobox ethnic group

{{Infobox ethnic group |region5={{flag|Turkey}} ([[Minorities_in_Turkey#Uyghurs|Uyghurs in Turkey]])

...e</ref> Kazakhstan has taken [[Uzbekistan]]'s place as the favored partner in [[Central Asia]] for both Russia and the United States.<ref name=FAVORITE>[ ...is the impact of terrorism in the country. Kazakhstan's 94th place puts it in a group of countries with the lowest impact of terrorism.<ref>{{cite web|ti

...14865004.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 | title=Vory v Zakone has hallowed place in Russian criminal lore. | work=[[International Herald Tribune]] | date=29 Ju ...[[Estonia]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Russia]], [[Ukraine]] and [[Uzbekistan]] have long had criminals and bandits, during the disord

...ov]], remained in detention after unfair trials ... Torture remains common in places of detention."<ref>[[Human Rights Watch]], [https://www.hrw.org/worl ...Guardian]]|date=11 March 2015|quote=Nazarbaev has clamped down on dissent in Kazakhstan, and the country has never held an election judged to be free or

...n Central Asia''' dates back centuries, where [[Jews]] <nowiki/>have lived in countries including [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Mongolia]], [[Uzbekis ...which was then part of the [[Soviet Union]], and a small number still live in that country.

...cularly in combination with [[hammer and sickle]]. It has been widely used in [[flag]]s, [[Nation state|state]] [[emblem]]s, [[monument]]s, [[Ornament (a ...ion|Communist Party]], along with, for example, the [[hammer and sickle]]. In Soviet heraldry, the red star symbolized the [[Red Army]] and the military