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...rbayev Center was established by a Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on January 23, 2012 as a multifunctional [[Research institute|re ...earch and broadening the information available on the history of statehood of Kazakhstan.

...ana Economic Forum}}</ref> The theme is aimed to concentrate on the future of energy, and on innovative and practical energy solutions and their impacts. ...site/en/expos/2013-06-27-13-45-19/expo-astana-2017|publisher=Official Site of the Bureau International des Expositions}}</ref>

part of the set of 700+ outlines listed at a special type of list article.

{{For|the Kazakh television station of the same name|Kazakhstan (channel)}} |conventional_long_name = {{nowrap|Republic of Kazakhstan}}

...d by a variety of factors, including local traditions and customs, decades of Soviet regime, rapid social and economic changes and instability after inde ...tan is among the highest in the world at 99.8%, similar to that of men (as of 2015).<ref>https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos

...taught in English and strive to create and transfer knowledge relevant to Central Asian society. ...94.<ref name="History of KIMEP">[http://www.kimep.kz/about/history History of KIMEP] KIMEP Official Website</ref>

...September 1966) is a [[Kazakhs]]tani [[business oligarch]] and son-in-law of Kazakh president [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]. Kulibayev has held several posit ...called "the most important business figure in the resource-rich" Republic of Kazakhstan.<ref name="telegraph">{{cite news|last1=Orange|first1=Richard|ti

|image = Emblem of the CSTO.svg ...ed the next year and the treaty took effect in 1994. Five years later, six of the nine—all but Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Uzbekistan—agreed to renew th

{{Redirect|CPSU|other uses|CPSU (disambiguation)|and|Communist Party of the Soviet Union (disambiguation)}} |colorcode = {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union/meta/color}}

|office = [[President of Kazakhstan|1st President of Kazakhstan]] |signature = Signature of Nursultan Nazarbayev.png

{{Politics of Kazakhstan}} ...tasks-president-facilitating-economic-diplomacy|publisher=Foreign Ministry of Kazakhstan}}</ref>

...the convention<br>{{legend|#00aa00|Parties}} {{legend|#ff9900|Territories of Parties where the treaty is not applied}} {{legend|#ff1111|Non-parties}} ...ate=November 7, 2007 | accessdate=December 19, 2011 | title=Monthly Status of Treaty Adherence | publisher=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime}}</re

| parties = [[List of parties to the Kyoto Protocol|192]]<ref>http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/st | depositor =[[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]

...ianet.org}}</ref> ''Oralman'' usually come from the neighbouring countries of [[China]], [[Mongolia]], [[Uzbekistan]], [[Russia]], [[Kyrgyzstan]] and als ...|first=Vivian }}</ref> The government prefers to settle them in the north of the country, and offers them more benefits; however, returnees themselves p

| image = Photo of Eugene Schuyler, American Consul-General in Constantinople.jpg ...es, Document No. 276, Compilation of Treaties in Force, Prepared Under Act of July 7, 1898 |volume= |edition= |publisher= Government Printing Office |p

|flag_p1 = Flag of Russia.svg |flag_s1 = Flag of Uzbek SSR 1925.gif

...lt=World map, with Kazakhstan in green|Location of Kazakhstan in [[Central Asia]]]] {{History of Kazakhstan}}

...''Wusun''' ({{zh|c=烏孫|p=Wūsūn|w=Wū-sūn|l=grandchildren/descendents of the [[Corvus (genus)|crow/raven]]}}) were an [[Proto-Indo-Europeans|Indo-Eu ...the Ili Valley and settled the area. They subsequently became close allies of the [[Han dynasty]] and a powerful force in the region for several centurie

|event_start = [[Battle of Hormozdgān]] ...t1 = [[Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628|Climactic Roman–Persian War of 602-628]]

...ght between the Kalmyks and the Russians. Two of Kazakh Hordes were depend of [[Oirats|Oirat]] Huntaiji. ...Horde khans to choose Russian protection, which seemed to them the lesser of two evils.

{{Other uses|Treaty of Saint Petersburg (disambiguation)}} ...2–77)|Dungan Revolt]] up to 1881.<ref>{{cite book|title=Historical Atlas of the 19th Century World, 1783-1914|url=|year=1998|publisher=Barnes & Noble B

*Kingdom of Khazaria |continent = Asia

...r of Culture and Information and [[Temirkhan Dosmukhanbetov]] the Minister of Tourism.<ref name=SPLIT>[http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2006/03/280306.asp K ...ttp://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=53314&SelectRegion=Asia Central Asia] IRIN</ref><ref name=MOREKHABAR>[http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article

...ht|Kairat Kelimbetov at the [[World Economic Forum]] on Europe and Central Asia 2011]] ...und and as the Minister of Economy and Budget Planning in the [[Government of Kazakhstan]].<ref name=MEBP>[http://www.traveldocs.com/kz/govern.htm Princi

|office = [[Astana|Mayor of Astana]] |office2 = [[Defence Minister of Kazakhstan|Minister of Defense of Kazakhstan]]

...uriae]]''. It is a [[rhizomatous]] [[perennial plant]], from [[Europe]], [[Asia]] and [[Africa]]. It has purple or lilac flowers, and slender, elongated le ...R. Clapham, T. G. Tutin and D. M. Moore {{Google books|GVs4AAAAIAAJ|Flora of the British Isles (3rd Edit. 1987)|page=554}}</ref> fibrous and has a creep

| extinction = <!-- date of extinction, optional --> | coords = <!-- Coordinates of location using a coordinates template -->

| image = State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg ...equal sovereign republics in which the rights and freedom of an individual of any nationality will be fully guaranteed?

{{Politics of Kazakhstan}} ...[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p420 ISBN 0-19-924958-X</ref>

Continuous generation and accumulation of waste, including [[hazardous waste]] ([[Persistent organic pollutant|Persis ...araganda Region|Karaganda region]] - more than 8.5 billion tons by the end of 2012.

...st Republic|Presidium]] of the [[Supreme Soviet of Russia|Supreme Soviet]] of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] ...ion|Deputy Chairman]] of the [[Council of Ministers (Soviet Union)|Council of Ministers]]

...ist Party of the Soviet Union|Central Committee]] of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]] ...|Presidium]] of the [[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union|Supreme<br>Soviet of the Soviet Union]]

...t Union|26th]] [[Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Politburo]] ...t Union|23rd]] [[Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Politburo]]

...First Deputy Director of [[Biopreparat]], where he oversaw a vast program of BW facilities. ...bioweapons capability were probably not successful." In the ensuing years of war, no evidence has been found in Iraq to back up his claims.

...ed for 33.1% of capital investment and 64.5% of direct foreign investment, of which 63.5% was in the oil sector.<ref name="usgs" /> Kazakhstan's mining i ...ipalatinsk region. Significant improvements in the environmental situation of the northern [[Aral Sea]] area has been made owing to [[dam]] construction

...y]]. By 2011, Kazakhstan was considered to be the world's largest producer of uranium.<ref name="MerkelSchipek2011">{{cite book|last1=Merkel|first1=Brode ...5% of the world's uranium, and in 2011, Kazakhstan was responsible for 35% of world production. There are 17 uranium mines in the country, however, maxim

...s the largest private [[bank]] in [[Kazakhstan]] with a total market share of 24%. ...l products to large and medium-sized corporations in all sectors of Kazakh economy.

...]. As of November 2007, about 1% of the $600 billion in goods shipped from Asia to Europe each year were delivered by inland transport routes.<ref>Berk.</r ...e former [[Soviet Union]] use a wider [[rail gauge]] than most of the rest of Europe as well as China. Recently, however, the Trans-Siberian has regained

{{About|the series of trade routes|other uses|Silk Road (disambiguation)}} | map_alt = Map of Eurasia with drawn lines for overland and maritime routes

| name = Port of Baku ...''' is a [[sea port]] located in the [[Bay of Baku]], on the coast of city of [[Baku]], [[Azerbaijan]]. The main entrance faces the [[Neftchiler Avenue]]

| map_caption = Location of Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline | partners = [[BP]], [[State Oil Company of Azerbaijan|SOCAR]], [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]], [[Statoil]], [[Türkiy

| map_alt = Map of NSTC with drawn lines for overland and maritime routes ...[[Cost of transport|transport costs]] were reduced by "$2,500 per 15 tons of cargo".<ref name="thehindu.com"/> Other routes under consideration include

{{Other uses of}} |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Derbent (Dagestan) (2014).jpg

| pushpin_map = Iran <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -- | pushpin_label_position = left <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->

|nickname = [[City of Winds]] rect 0 0 1200 441 [[Ismailiyya building|Details of the façade of Dede Qorqut on the Ismailiyya building]]

|caption_bathymetry = Map of the Lake Balkhash drainage basin ...(meteorology)|precipitation]], largely vernal snowmelt, from the mountains of China's [[Xinjiang]] region.

|location = [[Kazakhstan]] - [[Uzbekistan]],<br>[[Central Asia]] ....jpg|thumb|right|The map of 'Aral' Sea of 1853 published for the ''Journal of the [[Royal Geographical Society]]'' in London]]

|image_caption = Aralkum with the remaining areas of the Aral Sea in 2014 |map_caption = Animated map of the shrinking of the Aral Sea, and growing Aralkum

[[File:Russland Dawydow.PNG|thumb|300px|The layout of one of the main proposed water transfer routes (via a Yenisei-Ob canal, down the O ...Ocean]], southwards towards the populated agricultural areas of [[Central Asia]], which lack water.<ref name=time75/><ref name=time82/>

...proximately from north to south through [[western Russia]], from the coast of the [[Arctic Ocean]] to the [[Ural River]] and northwestern [[Kazakhstan]]. ...Island]] and the islands of [[Novaya Zemlya]] form a further continuation of the chain to the north into the Arctic Ocean.