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...have been attractive because of rumours about the treasures of the ancient rulers, and about buried piles of gold coins and jewelry. The source of such legen

...ough both [[Janybek Khan]] and [[Kerey Khan]] were considered the founding rulers of the Kazakh Khanate, it was Kerei Khan who initially wielded the most pow ...[[Buddhism]] and their [[Erdeni Batur]] believed he could reestablish the 13th-century empire of [[Genghis Khan]]. However, much had changed since the days of the

...ablishing that future Khans would come from direct descendants of previous rulers. Despite this establishment, the four sons would eventually come to blows, [[Category:13th-century Islam]]

...e of the Kara-Khitan, Kazakhstan fell under the control of a succession of rulers of the [[Golden Horde]] (the western branch of the [[Mongol Empire]]). The

|title_leader = [[List of Khazar rulers|Qaghan]] ...f the ruling elite in the same way that Mongol continued to be used by the rulers of the Golden Horde, alongside of the [[Kipchaks|Qipčaq Turkic]] speech sp

...idem Christi.'' (In the kingdom of Tarsis there are three provinces, whose rulers have called themselves kings. the men of that country are called Uighours.

The Mongol rulers wanted to establish their capital on the Central Asian steppe, so to accomp

...in the entire [[Caucasus]] region. Historically, this position allowed the rulers of Derbent to control land traffic between the [[Eurasian Steppe]] and the ...re renowned for their cultural achievements and geopolitical pursuits. The rulers of Shirvan, called the Shirvanshahs, had attempted, and on numerous times,

...era, the armies of [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] and later Russian rulers, and British colonialism. The people of Rasht also played a major role in t

...from the Samanids, remaining a possession of the local Turkic dynasty. The rulers owed three signs of loyalty to the Samanids: military service, the presenta ...am itself, Talas, and Farghāna. Coins were minted there by the Qarakhanid rulers.<ref>O. Pritsak, "Die Karachaniden," ''Der Islam'' 31, 1954, pp. 36-38</ref

...2016}} promoted their development. The power of the city under one of the rulers, Tugan-Khan, was so great that he independently waged a military campaign a

...essdate=16 March 2016|quote=According to some sources, the first Varangian rulers of Rus' were Askold and Dyr.}}</ref> Besides other cultural traces, several ...n 862 912.jpg|Early formation of [[Kievan Rus']] (862–912): Territory of rulers Askold, Dyr and Oleh of Novgorod.

...ef> Islam also took root due to the zealous missionary work of [[Samanid]] rulers, notably in areas surrounding [[Taraz]]<ref>Ibn Athir, volume 8, pg. 396</r

The nobles and rulers of the Crimean Tatars were the descendants of [[Hacı I Giray]], a [[Jochid

...inent role in the region as the language of literature and government. The rulers of the eastern section of Iran and of Mawarannahr were Persians. Under the ...uk Empire then split into states ruled by various local Turkic and Iranian rulers. The culture and intellectual life of the region continued unaffected by su

[[Category:13th-century rulers]]

...29-3|pages=670–}}</ref> and Bordeaux in the West, meeting with the major rulers of the period.]] [[Category:13th-century explorers]]

...he Yuezhi engaged in the jade trade, of which the major consumers were the rulers of agricultural China." (Liu (2001), pp.&nbsp;267–268). ...r=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-13924-3|pages=55–}}</ref> The rulers of Khotan were aware of the menace they faced since they arranged for the M

Beginning in 1647, the rulers of Hami submitted to the Qing dynasty and sent tribute. The title "[[Jasagh

After the Tang dynasty, Khotan formed an alliance with the rulers of Dunhuang. Khotan enjoyed close relations with the Buddhist centre at Dun The rulers of Khotan were aware of the menace they faced since they arranged for the M

...]], and [[Kashgaria]], and later conquered [[Transoxiana]]. The Karakhanid rulers were likely to be Yaghmas who were associated with the [[Toquz Oghuz]], and

[[Category:Communist rulers]]