Dolon (air base)
Dolon (also known as Chagan and Semipalitinsk Dolon) is an air base in Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, that served as a major Cold War bomber base with significant tarmac space and over 50 revetments. Dolon Southwest, a former airfield 32 km to the south, no longer exists.
In 1955, Dolon was one of only six Soviet bases capable of handling the Myasishchev M-4 (Bison) bomber. The 79th Heavy Bomber Aviation Division was created at Dolon in 1957. The Tupolev Tu-160 (Blackjack) was temporarily deployed to Dolon in the late 1980s.Template:Citation needed In 1990, Dolon had 40 Tupolev Tu-95 (Bear) aircraft, which were eliminated by 1994, ending the base's strategic bomber role.
Units based at Dolon included:
- 79th Heavy Bomber Aviation Division<ref>http://www.ww2.dk/new/air%20force/division/bad/79tbad.htm</ref>
- 1023rd Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment (1023 TBAP) flying Tu-95 and Tu-95M aircraft (1957–62), Tu-95K (1960–83), and Tu-95MS aircraft (1983–92).<ref name=Holm1023>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 1226th Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment (1226 TBAP) flying Tu-95 and Tu-95M aircraft (1957–62), Tu-95K and Tu-95MS aircraft (1984–92).<ref name=Holm1226>Template:Cite web</ref>
The 79th TBAD was under the control of Long Range Aviation from 1957 to 1960, the 8th independent Heavy Bomber Aviation Corps (later to become the 30th Air Army) from 1960 until 1980,and, finally, the 37th Air Army from 1980 until 1992.
Both regiments were taken over by Kazakhstan in 1992 and the aircraft were withdrawn to the Russian Federation.<ref>"All Strategic Bombers Out Of Kazakhstan; Talks On Those In Ukraine," RFE/RL News Briefs, Vol. 3, No. 9, 21–25 February 1994, via Nuclear Threat Initiative</ref>
