Aslan Usoyan

Aslan Ûsoyan (Template:Lang-ka; Template:Lang-ru) (27 February 1937 – 16 January 2013), also known as Grandpa Hassan (Template:Lang Ded Hasan) or just Grandpa (Template:Lang), was a Russian mafia boss, an ethnic Yazidi Kurdish<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> mobster and thief in law, who began his career operating in Georgia, continued in Moscow, Ural, Siberia, Uzbekistan, Krasnodar, Sochi, and other parts of the former Soviet Union.<ref>Schreck, Carl. The Who's Who of Moscow mobsters, The National, 5 August 2009. Accessed April 24, 2012.</ref> According to The Economist, he was "reputed to be Russia’s mafia boss."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Criminal acts

Starting in 2007, Ûsoyan was embroiled in a gang war with Georgian mobster Tariel Oniani, who was seeking to reestablish himself in Moscow. Several of Ûsoyan's top lieutenants were killed including the Armenian national Alek Minalyan, a man allegedly in charge of extorting construction firms working on the 2014 Winter Olympics.<ref>Shuster, Simon. Will New Laws Help Russia Take Down the Mafia?, TIME Magazine, 13 October 2009. Accessed 24 April 2012.</ref> In July 2008 police raided Oniani's yacht as a meeting took place amongst the criminal leaders in an attempt to settle the conflict. Ûsoyan was not however amongst those detained. He later gave an interview to a newspaper, denying the stories of escalating violence and stated that "We are a peaceful people and don't bother anybody, we are for peace in order to prevent lawlessness".<ref>Schwirtz, Michael. In a River Raid, a Glimpse of Russia's Criminal Elite, The New York Times, 30 July 2008. Accessed 24 April 2012.</ref>

Vyacheslav Ivankov was brought in to mediate the conflict, in which he sided with Ûsoyan's faction. He was however shot by a sniper while leaving a Moscow restaurant in July 2009, and died of his wounds in October that year. Although he did not attend, Ûsoyan sent an elaborate wreath to Ivankov's funeral saying "To our brother from Grandpa Hassan".<ref>Franchetti, Mark. Russia salutes its mafia as the good guys, The Times, 25 October 2009.</ref>

In April 2010, Ûsoyan was arrested by Ukrainian security forces after entering the country illegally using false documents. His business in Ukraine was allegedly connected to a rift with an Armenian organized crime group.<ref>Gazeta.ru - Деда Хасана приняли у трапа (Russian)</ref> On 16 September 2010, Ûsoyan was shot by a 9mm calibre bullet fired by an unidentified assailant in central Moscow, but survived the attack along with his bodyguard who was also wounded. It was at first announced to the press that Ûsoyan had died to ensure his safety.<ref>Russian Mafia Boss Survives Shooting Template:Webarchive</ref>

In the early 2010s the Obama administration placed sanctions on members of the alleged criminal organisation the Brothers’ Circle. It has been speculated that the so-called Circle is a stand-in for Ûsoyan's network.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Alleged ties to PKK

Ûsoyan, an ethnic Kurd, was rumoured to be one of the suppliers of illicit weapons to the Kurdish separatist movement<ref>The death of Moscow's Don: Aslan Usoyan gunned down outside his favourite restaurant, The Independent</ref> PKK that is fighting an armed struggle against the Turkish state for an autonomous Kurdistan and cultural and political rights for the Kurds in Turkey.<ref name=tahiri>Tahiri, Hussein. The Structure of Kurdish Society and the Struggle for a Kurdish State. Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publications 2007. pp 232 ff</ref>

Death

On 16 January 2013, Ûsoyan was shot in the head by a sniper perched on the sixth floor of an adjacent apartment building after leaving a restaurant which served as his 'office', and despite efforts of his bodyguards and ambulance workers he died en route to the hospital.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The family decided to fly Ûsoyan's body to be buried in his native Tbilisi, but the Tbilisi International Airport refused to accept the plane.<ref>Tbilisi airport does not accept plane with body of Grandpa Hassan mafia boss. Trend.az. 19 January 2013.</ref> His death is thought to be likely to spur chaos in the criminal world. The day Ûsoyan was shot dead, an Armenian crime fiction writer, Sergey Galoyan said, in a conversation with a local news website,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> that the mafia king's murder might be linked to a certain unrest in the criminal world, particularly the construction of the Sochi Olympic facilities which are said to have attracted considerable investments.

The main suspects behind Ûsoyan's murder are Tariel Oniani and Rovshan Janiev.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>