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2026-05-16T20:04:43Z

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Wavelength: changing adverb "in" and preposition "to" —> preposition "into"—wikt:in—wikt:wikt:to—wikt:into—http://public.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/into.html—User:Wavelength/About English/Expressions "into" and "in to"

2017-04-16T01:55:21Z

changing adverb "in" and preposition "to" —> preposition "into"—wikt:in—wikt:wikt:to—wikt:into—http://public.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/into.html—User:Wavelength/About English/Expressions "into" and "in to"

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{{Expand Russian|Уральские шведы|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Ural Swedes
|image =
|caption =
|population =
|regions =
|languages = [[Swedish language|Swedish]], [[Russian language|Russian]]
|religions = [[Russian Orthodox Church|Orthodox Christians]], [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]
|related = [[Swedes]], [[Russians]]
}}
The '''Ural Swedes''', ({{lang-sv| uralssvenskar}}, {{lang-ru|Уральские шведы}}) were [[Ural Cossacks|Yaik Cossacks]] (later Orenburg Cossacks) with Swedish ancestry, related to the large groups of Swedish prisoners of the [[Great Northern War]] (1700–1721).

== History ==
During the [[Great Northern War]], at least 120,000 men surrendered and were held in Russian POW camps until the war ended.<ref>http://trojza.blogspot.ru/2013/03/1700-1721.html Swedish prisoners of Northern War</ref> After the defeats at [[Battle of Poltava (1709)|Poltava]] and [[Surrender at Perevolochna|Perevolochna]] there were about 20,000<ref name=Tucker>Tucker, S. C., 2010, ''A Global Chronology of Conflict'', Vol. 2, Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio, LLC, ISBN 9781851096671</ref>{{rp|710}} to 25,000 Swedes that capitulated<ref>Englund, Peter, ''The Battle that Shook Europe: Poltava and the Birth of the Russian Empire'', 2003, I. B. Tauris, ISBN 1-86064-847-9</ref>{{rp|246}} Individual surrenders were uncommon, usually a large unit surrendered all its men. Most of them were put to work in Ukraine, Moscow and [[Saint Petersburg]]. Another large group was moved into Siberia and [[Ural (region)|Ural]], where they start to work in mining under command of [[Vasily Tatishchev]].<ref>http://www.prvregion.narod.ru/data/hstpm/v_plen_u.htm Swedish POW in Ural mines</ref>

About 8,000 Swedes joined the Russian Army to survive, so Peter I put them in Astrakhan Garrison and on Ural Cossack Line to protect Russian land against Kazakhs and Kirgizian riders, where they joined the military expeditions of [[Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky|Bekovich-Cherkassky]] to [[Khanate of Khiva|Khiva]],<ref>Shebaldin, G. V. "Шведские военнопленные в Сибири. Первая четверть XVIII века". Мoscow, 2005 {{Link language|ru}}</ref><ref>Diplomatic letters of British ambassadors. [[Saint Petersburg]]. RIO, 1886. Т.50</ref> [[Swedes]] quickly turned into Eastern Orthodox Christians and got under linguistic assimilation with the local Russians.<ref>Karpov, A. B. ''Ural Cossacks''. Part I. Uralsk. 1911</ref> Later part of Ural Cossacks were used to support [[Orenburg Cossacks]] Line, in Sakmara. Another group was moved to Vozdvizhenskaya fortress in 1745 and thanks to isolation they kept some language and cultural identification until the beginning of the 20th century.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{SwedishDiaspora}}

[[Category:Swedish diaspora]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Russia]]
[[Category:Orenburg Cossacks]]
[[Category:Ural Mountains|Swedes]]

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Ural Swedes - Revision history

Moderator: 1 revision

Wavelength: changing adverb "in" and preposition "to" —> preposition "into"—wikt:in—wikt:wikt:to—wikt:into—http://public.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/into.html—User:Wavelength/About English/Expressions "into" and "in to"