Moderator: 1 revision

2026-05-16T20:03:49Z

1 revision

Caftaric: Category:Trilobites of Australia

2016-05-14T08:17:06Z

Category:Trilobites of Australia

New page

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Trimerocephalus''
| fossil_range = {{Geological range|372|359|[[Famennian]]}}
| image = Trimerocephalus interruptus ceph2 CRF.jpg
| image_caption = Two cephalons of the trilobite ''Trimerocephalus interruptus''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[trilobite|Trilobita]]
| ordo = [[Phacopida]]
| superordo = [[Phacopina]]
| superfamilia = [[Phacopoidea]]
| familia = [[Phacopidae]]
| genus = '''''Trimerocephalus'''''<ref name='Crônier'>{{cite journal|last= Crônier|first= C.|year= 2003|title= Systematic relationships of the blind phacopine trilobite ''Trimerocephalus'', with a new species from Causses−et−Veyran, Montagne Noire|journal= Acta Palaeontologica Polonica|volume= 48|issue= 1|pages= 55–70|accessdate= 4 November 2013|url= http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app48/app48-055.pdf}}</ref><ref name='FMcNCL-A'>{{cite journal|last1= Feist|first1= R. |last2= McNamara|first2= K.J.|last3= Crônier|first3= C.|last4= Lerosey-Aubril|first4= R.|year= 2009|title= Patterns of extinction and recovery of phacopid trilobites during the Frasnian-Famennian (Late Devonian) mass extinction event, Canning Basin, Western Australia|journal= Geological Magazine|volume= 146|issue= 1|pages= 12–33|accessdate= 5 November 2013|url= ftp://ftp.esc.cam.ac.uk/pub/kmcn07/KEN'S%20PAPERS/Feistetal2009.pdf|doi=10.1017/s0016756808005335}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1= Kin|first1= A.|last2= Blazejowski|first2= B.|year= 2013|title= A new ''Trimerocephalus'' species (Trilobita, Phacopidae) from the Late Devonian (Early Famennian) of Poland|journal= Zootaxa|volume= 3626|issue= 3|pages= 345–355|url= http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2013/f/z03626p355f.pdf|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3626.3.3}}</ref>
| genus_authority= M'Coy, 1849
| synonyms = ''Eutrimerocephalus''
| subdivision_ranks = [[species]]
| subdivision =
* ''T. mastophthalmus'' Reinh. Richter, 1856 ([[Type (biology)|type]]) [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] ''Phacops mastophthalmus'', ''Trinucleus laevis''
* ''T. caecus'' (Gürich, 1896) synonym ''Phacops caecus''
* ''T. chopini'' Kin & Blazejowski, 2013
* ''T. cryptophthalmoides'' (Maksimova, 1955) synonym ''Phacops cryptophthalmoides''
* ''T. dianopsoides'' Osmólska, 1963
* ''T. interruptus'' Berkowski, 1991
* ''T. lacunosus'' (Pfeiffer, 1959) synonym ''Phacops lacunosus''
* ''T. lelievrei'' Crônier & Feist, 1997
* ''T. lentiginosus'' (Maksimova, 1955) synonym ''Phacops lentiginosus''
* ''T. mimbi'' Feist, McNamarra, Crônier & Lerosey-Aubril, 2009
* ''T. nigritus'' Crônier, 2003
* ''T. polonicus'' Osmólska, 1958
* ''T. procurvus'' Arbizu, 1985
* ''T. shotoriensis'' Feist, Yasdi & Becker, 2003
* ''T. sponsor'' Chlupač, 1966
* ''T. steinachensis'' (Richter & Richter, 1926) synonym ''Phacops steinachensis''
* ''T. tardispinosus'' Feist & Becker, 1997
* ''T. trifolius'' (Osmólska, 1958) synonym ''Dianops trifolius''
* ''T. vodorezovi'' (Maksimova, 1955) synonym ''Phacops vodorezovi''
}}
'''''Trimerocephalus''''' is a genus of eyeless trilobites from the order [[Phacopida]], family [[Phacopidae]]. It lived during the final [[Stage (stratigraphy)|stage]] of the Devonian, the [[Famennian]], and became extinct at the end of this stage, together with all other trilobites with the exception of some [[Proetida]]. It can be found in Australia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Iran, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Poland, the Russian Federation (Urals), Spain, and the United Kingdom (England).

== Distribution ==
Species belonging to the genus ''Trimerocephalus'' have been found in Europe, Morocco, Iran and Australia.<ref name='Crônier'/><ref name='FMcNCL-A'/>
* ''T. caecus'' has been found in the [[Upper Devonian]] (Lower [[Famennian]]) of Poland ([[Holy Cross Mountains]]), Germany (Harz Mountains, Rhineland, Thuringia), the Russian Federation (Ural Mountains), North Africa, and France ([[Armorican Massif]]).
* ''T. lentiginosus'' has been excavated from the Upper Devonian of the Russian Federation (Famennian, South Ural Mountains).
* ''T. cryptophthalmoides'' is present in the Upper Devonian (Lower Famennian) of Kazakhstan, and the Russian Federation (South Ural Mountains).
* ''T. dianopsoides'' occurs in the Upper Devonian of Poland (Famennian, Holy Cross Mountains).
* ''T. interruptus'' is deposited in the Upper Devonian of Poland (Famennian, Holy Cross Mountains).
* ''T. lacunosus'' has been identified in the Upper Devonian of Germany (Famennian, Thuringia).
* ''T. lelievrei'' was collected in the Upper Devonian of Morocco (Famennian, Tafilalt).
* ''T. mastophthalmus'' is known from the Upper Devonian of Germany (Lower Famennian, Rhineland, Harz Mountains, Thuringia), Poland (Holy Cross Mountains), England, southwestern Asia, and Kazakhstan.
* ''T. mimbi'' has been found in the Upper Devonian of West-Australia (Famennian, McWhae Ridge, west side South Lawford Range, Virgin Hills Formation).
* ''T. nigritus'' is present in the Upper Devonian of France (lower Famennian, Red cephalopod limestones, lower member of "griottes" limestones formation, Lower ''Palmatolepis rhomboidea'' subzone, Old quarry of Concours-le-Haut near Causses-et-Veyran, [[Montagne Noire]]).
* ''T. polonicus'' occurs in the Upper Devonian of Poland (Famennian, Holy Cross Mountains).
* ''T. procurvus'' has been identified in the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of Spain (Cantabrian Mountains) and Germany.
* ''T. shotoriensis'' was excavated from the Upper Devonian of Eastern Iran (Famennian, lower ''Palmatolepis marginifera''- to upper ''Palmatolepis trachytera''-zone, Shotori-Range).
* ''T. sponsor'' has been identified in the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of the Czech Republic (Moravia) and Spain (Cantabrian Mountains).
* ''T. steinachensis'' is known from the Upper Devonian of Germany (Famennian, Thuringia, Harz Mountains).
* ''T. tardispinosus'' has been found in the Upper Devonian of Australia (Famennian, ''Palmatolepis rhomboidea''-zone; McWhae Ridge, west side South Lawford Range, Virgin Hills Formation).
* ''T. trifolius'' occurs in the Upper Devonian of Poland (Famennian, Holy Cross Mountains).
* ''T. vodorezovi'' is present in the Upper Devonian of Kazakhstan (Famennian).

== Taxonomy ==
[[Image:Cladogram Trimerocephalus.png|thumb|left|330px|the relationships between species assigned to ''Trimerocephalus'']]''Acuticryphops'' is probably ancestral to ''Trimerocephalus'', and mainly differs from its descendants in having an eye lobe with a small number of lenses. Crônier, 2003, erected the subgenus ''Trimerocephalus (Trifoliops)'' containing ''T. trifolius'' and ''T. nigritus''.<ref name='Crônier'/> In order not to be [[polyphyletic]], ''T. (Trifoliops)'' would need to include at least ''T. steinachensis'', and preferably ''T. dianopsoides'' as well. These species are in the same clade as ''T. mastophtalmus'' however, which is the type of the genus ''Trimerocephalus'', which would by definition be in the nominal subgenus ''Trimerocephalus (Trimerocephalus)''. This in turn would prompt the erection of an other subgenus with all remaining species shown in the cladogram.

== Description ==
''Trimerocephalus'' is one of several [[Phacopidae|phacopid]] genera that is eyeless (others being ''Dianops'', ''Ductina'', and ''Trimerocephaloides''). The dorsal facial sutures are not functional, so cranidia and free cheeks (or librigenae) are not found separated. The marginal ridge bordering the cheeks is wide and convex. The part of the margin that is tucked-under (or doublure) and only visible when viewing the cephalon from the belly (or [[Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral|ventral]] side), is short and flat. The vincular furrow, a groove that fits the margin of the tailpiece or [[Trilobite#Pygidium|pygidium]] when the animal was enrolled, is wide and deep. The pygidium is about 3 times wider than long.<ref name='Treatise'>{{cite book|last= Moore|first= R.C.|year= 1959|title= Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha|publisher= Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press|series= Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology|volume= Part O.|pages=1–560|location= Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas|isbn= 0-8137-3015-5}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Phacopidae]]
[[Category:Trilobite genera]]
[[Category:Trilobites of Australia]]
[[Category:Fossils of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Fossils of France]]
[[Category:Fossils of Germany]]
[[Category:Fossils of Iran]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Fossils of Morocco]]
[[Category:Fossils of Poland]]
[[Category:Fossils of Russia]]
[[Category:Fossils of Spain]]
[[Category:Fossils of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Devonian trilobites of Asia]]
[[Category:Devonian trilobites of Africa]]
[[Category:Devonian trilobites of Europe]]

← Older revision	Revision as of 20:03, 16 May 2026
(No difference)

Trimerocephalus - Revision history

Moderator: 1 revision

Caftaric: Category:Trilobites of Australia