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‎See also: {{Portal|Azerbaijan|Turkey|Georgia (country)|Energy}} replaces {{Portal|Azerbaijan|Turkey|Energy}}

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{{Infobox pipeline
| name = South Caucasus Pipeline
| type = Natural gas
| photo =
| caption =
| map = Baku pipelines.svg
| map_caption = Location of South Caucasus Pipeline
| country = [[Azerbaijan]] [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] [[Turkey]]
| state =
| province =
| coordinates =
| lat =
| long =
| direction = east–west
| start = [[Baku]] ([[Sangachal Terminal]]), [[Azerbaijan]]
| through = [[Tbilisi]]
| finish = [[Erzurum]], [[Turkey]]
| par = [[Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline]]
| owner =
| partners = [[BP]] (28.8%) [[Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı|TPAO]] (19%) [[SOCAR]] (16.7%) [[Petronas]] (15.5%) [[Lukoil]] (10%) [[Naftiran Intertrade]] (10%)
| operator = [[BP]]
| technical_service_provider =
| contractors =
| construction =
| est = 2006
| decom =
| length = 692
| discharge = {{convert|25|e9m3/a}}
| diameter_in = 42
| compressor_stations_no =
| compressor_stations =
}}

The '''South Caucasus Pipeline''' (also known as '''Baku–Tbilisi–Erzurum Pipeline''', '''BTE pipeline''', or '''Shah Deniz Pipeline''') is a [[natural gas pipeline]] from the [[Shah Deniz gas field]] in the [[Azerbaijan]] sector of the [[Caspian Sea]] to [[Turkey]]. It runs parallel to the [[Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline]] (oil).

==History==
On 21 May 2006, the commissioning gas was pumped to the pipeline from the [[Sangachal Terminal]].<ref name=bp1>
{{cite press release
| title = SCP Commissioning Commences
| publisher = [[BP]]
| url = http://www.bp.com/genericarticle.do?categoryId=9006615&contentId=7018471
| date = 2006-06-01
| accessdate = 2008-04-06}}
</ref> First deliveries through the pipeline commenced on 30 September 2006. Deliveries of gas from [[Shah Deniz gas field]] started on 15 December 2006.<ref>
{{cite news
| title = Azerbaijan's Shah Deniz Field On Stream
| publisher = OilVoice
| url = http://www.oilvoice.com/n/Azerbaijans_Shah_Deniz_Field_On_Stream/6f7f7be8.aspx
| date = 2006-12-15
| accessdate = 2006-12-18}}
</ref>

On 12 August 2008, the pipeline operator [[BP]] closed the pipeline for the safety reasons because of the [[2008 South Ossetia War|South Ossetia conflict]].<ref name=upstream1>
{{cite news
| url = http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article160951.ece
| title = BP shuts in Georgia links
| newspaper = [[Upstream (newspaper)|Upstream Online]]
| publisher = [[NHST Media Group]]
| date = 2008-08-12
| accessdate = 2008-08-13
| id = {{subscription required}}
}}</ref> Gas supplies were resumed on 14 August 2008.<ref name=upstream2>
{{cite news
| url = http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article161060.ece
| title = BP turns on Georgia gas taps
| newspaper = [[Upstream (newspaper)|Upstream Online]]
| publisher = [[NHST Media Group]]
| date = 2008-08-14
| accessdate = 2008-08-14
| id = {{subscription required}}
}}</ref>

==Description==
The {{convert|42|in|mm|-1|adj=on}} diameter gas pipeline runs through the same corridor as the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline until [[Erzurum]], where [[Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline|BTC]] turns south to the Mediterranean. It is {{convert|692|km|mi}} long, of which {{convert|442|km|mi}} is in Azerbaijan and {{convert|248|km|mi}} in [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]].<ref name=bp1/> The initial capacity of the pipeline was {{convert|8.8|e9m3|abbr=off}} of gas per year.<ref name=upstream3>
{{cite news
| title = Shah Deniz taps primed
| newspaper = [[Upstream (newspaper)|Upstream Online]]
| publisher = [[NHST Media Group]]
| url = http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article119108.ece
| date = 2006-09-14
| accessdate = 2008-04-06
| id = {{subscription required}}}}
</ref> For the second stage of the Shah Deniz development, the capacity would be increased up to {{convert|25|e9m3|abbr=off}} by adding additional looping and two new compressor stations, costing $3 billion.<ref name=edm150114/> As the pipeline has the potential to be connected to [[Turkmenistan|Turkmen]] and [[Kazakhstan|Kazakh]] producers through the planned [[Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline]], Azerbaijan has proposed expanding its capacity up to {{convert|60|e9m3|abbr=off}} by building a second line of the pipeline.<ref name=edm110912>
{{cite news
| url= http://www.jamestown.org/programs/edm/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=39827&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=27&cHash=5e24ec143db19cf571aeefee2edfa4cd
| title= Azerbaijan Drives the Planning on Trans-Anatolia Gas Pipeline Project
| first = Vladimir | last = Socor
| authorlink = Vladimir Socor
| volume = 9
| issue = 164
| publisher =[[Jamestown Foundation]]
| work = Eurasia Daily Monitor
| date=2012-09-11
| accessdate=2012-09-12}}
</ref>

==Economic impact==
The first aim of the pipeline is to supply [[Turkey]] and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. As a transit country, Georgia has rights to take 5% of the annual gas flow through the pipeline in lieu of a tariff and can purchase a further {{convert|0.5|e9m3|abbr=off}} of gas a year at a discounted price. In the longer term, it will supply Europe with Caspian natural gas through the planned [[Southern Gas Corridor]] pipelines, such as the [[Trans Adriatic Pipeline]] and [[Trans-Anatolian gas pipeline]].<ref name=edm150114/>

==Project company==
The pipeline is owned by the South Caucasus Pipeline Company, a consortium led by BP and [[SOCAR]]. The shareholders of the consortium are:
*[[BP]] ([[UK]]) 28.8%
*[[Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı|TPAO]] ([[Turkey]]) 19%<ref name=edm150114>
{{cite news
|url= http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews%5Bswords%5D=8fd5893941d69d0be3f378576261ae3e&tx_ttnews%5Bany_of_the_words%5D=Statoil&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=41821&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=7&cHash=afc2067be4307e56147de91d55eb4da4
|title= SCP, TANAP, TAP: Segments of the Southern Gas Corridor to Europe
|first = Vladimir | last = Socor
| authorlink = Vladimir Socor
|volume = 11
|issue = 8
|publisher =[[Heritage Foundation]]
| work = Eurasia Daily Monitor
|date= 15 January 2014
|accessdate= 18 January 2014}}
</ref>
*[[SOCAR]] ([[Azerbaijan]]) 16.7%
*[[Petronas]] ([[Malaysia]]) 15.5%
*[[Lukoil]] ([[Russia]]) 10%
*[[Naftiran Intertrade]] ([[Iran]]) 10%

The technical operator of the pipeline is BP and the commercial operator is Statoil. According to the [[Production sharing agreement|PSA]] agreement, the commercial operatorship of the SCP was transferred to SOCAR starting on 1 January 2015.

==South Caucasus Pipeline expansion (SCPx)==
As a part of the [[Shah Deniz]] Full Field Development (FFD), otherwise called the Shahdeniz-2 project, BP will expand the pipeline through capacity extension by putting two additional compressor stations in Georgia and Turkey. This will almost triple the current transportation capacity of the pipeline up to 20 bcm/year. <ref>http://www.bp.com/en_az/caspian/operationsprojects/pipelines/SCP.html</ref>

This capacity increase would be able to accommodate an additional 16 bcm gas coming from the SD-2 project.

==See also==
{{Portal|Azerbaijan|Turkey|Georgia (country)|Energy}}
*[[Nabucco Pipeline]]
*[[Shah Deniz gas field]]
*[[Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline]]
*[[Trans-Anatolian gas pipeline|TANAP]]
*[[Energy in Georgia (country)]]

==Footnotes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
*International Energy Agency: Caspian oil and gas: The supply potential of Central Asia and Transcaucasia. OECD, Paris 1998, ISBN 92-64-16095-7
*Charles van der Leeuw: Oil and gas in the Caucasus & Caspian: A history. Curzon, Richmond, Surrey 2000, ISBN 0-7007-1123-6
*John Roberts: Caspian oil and gas: How far have we come and where are we going? In: Oil, transition and security in Central Asia. RoutledgeCurzon, London [u.a.] 2003, ISBN 0-415-31090-3

==External links==
*[http://www.bp.com/en_az/caspian/operationsprojects/pipelines/SCP.html BP's South Caucasus Pipeline website]
*[http://www.rsdpinfo.com/btc-scp Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan / South Caucasus pipelines environmental and community investments website]
*Articles about the Southern gas corridor and the energy issue of the South Caucasus in the [http://www.laender-analysen.de/cad/pdf/CaucasusAnalyticalDigest03.pdf Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 3]

{{Coord missing|Azerbaijan}}
[[Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2006]]
[[Category:Natural gas pipelines in Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Natural gas pipelines in Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Natural gas pipelines in Turkey]]
[[Category:BP buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Statoil]]
[[Category:Azerbaijan–Turkey relations]]
[[Category:Caspian Sea]]
[[Category:Caucasus]]
[[Category:Azerbaijan–Georgia (country) relations]]
[[Category:Georgia (country)–Turkey relations]]

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South Caucasus Pipeline - Revision history

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