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Lklundin: /* See also */ {{Portal|Azerbaijan|Energy}}

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‎See also: {{Portal|Azerbaijan|Energy}}

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{{redirect|Sangachal|the village in Azerbaijan|Sanqaçal}}

{{Infobox Port
| name = Sangachal Terminal
| image =
| imagesize=
| caption =
| country = [[Azerbaijan]]
| location = [[Sangachal]]
| coordinates = {{coord|40.201262|49.481270|display=inline, title}}
| opened = 1996
| operated = [[BP]]
| owner = [[Azerbaijan Republic]]
| type = Oil and Gas Terminal
| sizewater =
| sizeland =
| size = 500 hectares
| berths =
| wharfs =
| piers =
| employees =
| leadershiptitle =
| leader =
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| blankdetails1 =
| blankdetailstitle2 =
| blankdetails2 =
| blankdetailstitle3 =
| blankdetails3 =
| arrivals =
| cargotonnage = {{convert|3|Moilbbl}}
| containervolume =
| cargovalue =
| passengertraffic =
| revenue =
| profit =
| blankstatstitle1 =
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}}

The '''Sangachal Terminal''' is an industrial complex consisting of a [[natural gas processing]] plant and [[oil production plant]], located on the coast of the [[Caspian Sea]] {{convert|45|km|mi}} south of [[Baku]], [[Azerbaijan]].

==History==
Construction of the terminal began in 1996 with the [[Chirag oil field#Chirag-1 and Early Oil Project|Early Oil Project]], which foresaw construction of pipelines to [[Supsa]] and [[Novorossiysk]]. Oil was first exported in October 1997. The terminal has since been expanded to include the ACG Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3 Oil Trains, BTC's main pumping station and the Shah Deniz gas plant. Facilities at the oil production plant include [[Separator (oil production)|separators]], [[coalescer]]s, three new crude oil [[storage tank]]s, [[Centrifugal pump|Export Pumps]], gas turbine power generators and a central control room.<ref>
{{cite news
|url= http://www.rigzone.com/NEWS/article.asp?a_id=28317
|title= BP Begins Production at West Azeri Field in the Caspian Sea
|publisher= Rigzone
|author=
|date=2006-01-05
|accessdate=2010-01-26}}
</ref>

===Sangachal Terminal Expansion Program===
The Sangachal Terminal Expansion Program (STEP) was started in November 2001. The construction included 15,000 cubic metre of concrete, 1,600 units of steel structures, {{convert|25000|m|ft}} of pipe, {{convert|450000|m|ft}} of cables. Apart from technological works, civil construction included living accommodations for 550 people, cafeteria, movie theater, soccer field, etc. US$1.2-2 billion was spent for sub-projects realized within the STEP project.<ref name=Izvestiya>
{{cite news
|url= http://www.izvestia.ru/azerbaijan/article3112238/
|title= Энергоцентр Каспийского региона
|trans_title= Energy hub of the Caspian region
|publisher= [[Izvestiya]]
|author= Nurlana Guliyeva
|date=2008-01-23
|accessdate=2010-01-26}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite news
|url= http://www.nestor.minsk.by/sn/2007/13/sn71317.html
|title= Диверсификация энергоисточников
|trans_title= Diversification of Energy sources
|publisher= Atlas Invest
|author= Aleksandr Panich
|date=
|accessdate=2010-01-26}}
</ref>
[[Image:Baku pipelines.svg|thumb|right|From the Sangachal Terminal four oil and gas pipelines carry crude oil and natural gas to the Black Sea, Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea.]]
The terminal expansion contract was awarded to [[Tekfen Construction and Installation Co.Inc.|Tekfen-Azfen]] joint venture<ref>
{{cite news
|url= http://www.gasandoil.com/goc/company/cnc23428.htm
|title= BTC Company formed, first pipeline construction contracts awarded
|publisher= Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections
|author=
|volume= 7
|issue= 16
|date=2002-08-23
|accessdate=2010-01-26}}
</ref> which employed nearly 4,000 employees for the project, 75% of which were Azerbaijani citizens. Due to finalization of the main part of the project, this number was reduced to 1,720 employees.<ref name=Izvestiya/>

==Technical features==
Sangachal Terminal has a processing capacity of {{convert|1.2|Moilbbl/d}} and {{convert|1.25|Gcuft}} of gas per day (bcfd). The three new crude oil storage tanks added during the STEP have a capacity of {{convert|880|koilbbl}} each.<ref>[http://www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9006674&contentId=7015100 BP Caspian - Overview]</ref>
The overall storage capacity at the terminal is {{convert|3|Moilbbl}}.<ref>[http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/bp_caspian/bp_caspian_en/STAGING/local_assets/downloads_pdfs/s/ST_Presentation_-_August_2009_final.ppt#344,10,Sangachal Terminal – present BP Caspian. Sangachal Terminal - present]</ref> As of November 2009, the terminal exports {{convert|941.4|koilbbl/d}}.<ref>
{{cite news
|url= http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=111509
|title= Sangachal Terminal exports more than 941 400 barrels of oil per day
|publisher= [[Azerbaijan Press Agency|APA]]
|author=
|date=2009-11-23
|accessdate=2010-01-26}}
</ref>
The terminal is operated by a [[BP]] led consortium and is one of the largest oil and gas facilities in the world.<ref>
{{cite news
|url= http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5348075
|title= With New Pipeline, Azerbaijan on Verge of Oil Boom
|publisher= [[NPR]]
|author= Ivan Watson
|date=2006-04-18
|accessdate=2010-01-26}}
</ref> Other partners are from [[Azerbaijan International Operating Company|AIOC]], [[Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline]], [[Shah Deniz gas field|Shah Deniz]] and [[South Caucasus Pipeline]] projects. The terminal receives oil from the [[Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli]] field and natural gas from the Shah Deniz gas field. The oil is exported via the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline to Turkey's Mediterranean coast and via the [[Baku-Supsa Pipeline]] and the [[Baku-Novorossiysk Pipeline]] to the [[Black Sea]] coast.<ref>[http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Azerbaijan/NaturalGas.html U.S. Energy Information Administration. Azerbaijan. Natural Gas]</ref>
Sangachal Terminal was mentioned in [[Cablegate|documents published by]] [[Wikileaks]] as one of US “critical foreign dependencies”.<ref>[http://213.251.145.96/cable/2009/02/09STATE15113.html#par15 Cable Viewer]</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Azerbaijan|Energy}}
*[[Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli]]
*[[Natural gas processing]]
*[[Natural gas condensate]]
*[[Oil production plant]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[http://www.cec.az/default.asp?lang=en Sangachal Terminal, Caspian Energy Centre]

{{BP}}

[[Category:BP buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Oil terminals]]
[[Category:Natural gas terminals]]
[[Category:Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Natural gas in Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Energy infrastructure in Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Caspian Sea]]

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