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Cydebot: Robot - Moving category Mammals of Iran to :Category:Mammals of the Middle East per CFD at Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2015 June 14.

2015-08-26T04:42:04Z

Robot - Moving category Mammals of Iran to Category:Mammals of the Middle East per CFD at Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2015 June 14.

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{{Taxobox
| name = Nathusius' pipistrelle
| status = lc | status_system = IUCN
| image = Pipistrellus nathusii.jpg
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Chiroptera]]
| subordo = [[Microchiroptera]]
| familia = [[Vespertilionidae]]
| genus = ''[[Pipistrellus]]''
| species = '''''P. nathusii'''''
| binomial = ''Pipistrellus nathusii''
| binomial_authority = ([[Alexander Keyserling|Keyserling]] & [[Johann Heinrich Blasius|Blasius]], 1839)
}}
{{wikispecies|Pipistrellus nathusii}}

'''Nathusius' pipistrelle''' (''Pipistrellus nathusii'' (Keyserling and Blasius)) is a small [[bat]] in the [[pipistrelle]] genus. It is very similar to the [[common pipistrelle]] and has been overlooked in many areas until recently but it is widely distributed across [[Europe]].

==Description==
The length of the head and body is 46–55 mm and the wingspan is 220–250 mm. It has a forearm length of 32–40 mm and weighs about 6-15.5g. Its [[fur]] is medium-dark reddish-brown above, often with paler tips, and is pale brown below. The fur is longer and less uniformly-coloured than the common pipistrelle. It is also larger than the common pipistrelle with broader wings. The face, ears, wings and tail are dark.

==Distribution==
Nathusius' pipistrelle occurs from [[Western Europe]] eastward as far as the [[Ural Mountains]], [[Turkey]] and the [[Caucasus]]. It is highly [[Bird migration|migratory]] with individuals from northern and eastern areas moving south-west for the winter. Preferred habitats are [[park]]land and light [[woodland]], often near water.

It is generally commoner in [[Central Europe|Central]] and [[Eastern Europe]]. In the west it is mainly a rare winter visitor but new breeding colonies have been found in several areas in recent years. In [[Ireland]] and [[Great Britain|Britain]] it was previously thought to be a vagrant with only a handful of records including several from [[Oil platform|oil rig]]s in the [[North Sea]]. It is now known to breed at several sites in [[Great Britain|Britain]] and [[Ireland]].<ref>Sleeman,D.P. and Carlsson,J. p.1. in Sleeman, D.P., Carlsson, J and Carlsson, J.F.L. (eds) 2014. ''Mind the Gap II: new insights into the Irish postglacial''. Irish Naturalists' Journal, Belfast. ISBN 978-0-9569704-8-0</ref>

Threats to the species include the loss of hollow trees and toxic chemicals from the [[wood preservation|treatment]] of timber in buildings. However, it is a protected species in many countries and breeds successfully in [[nest box|bat boxes]].

==Diet and reproduction==
It emerges early to hunt, flying in straight lines with rapid, deep wingbeats at around 3 to 15 metres above the ground. It feeds on small to medium-sized flying [[insect]]s, particularly [[chironomid]] midges.

Breeding colonies are located in hollow trees, bat boxes and sometimes in buildings. Mating takes place from July to early September when males gather a harem of females in their mating territory. In spring the females gather at nursery roosts where they give birth to two young.

==Echolocation==
The frequencies used by this bat species for echolocation lie between 36–62 kHz, have most energy at 41 kHz and have an average duration of 6.9 ms.<ref>Obrist, M.K., Boesch, R. and Flückiger, P.F. (2004) 'Variability in echolocation call design of 26 Swiss bat species: Consequences, limits and options for automated field identification with a synergic pattern recognition approach.' ''Mammalia''., '''68''' (4): 307-32.</ref>

==References==
* Frank Greenaway & A. M. Hudson (1990) ''A Field Guide to British Bats'', Bruce Coleman Books, Uxbridge
* Jon Russ (2004) [http://www.nathusius.org.uk/index.htm Nathusius' pipistrelle in Great Britain & Ireland] (retrieved 15/01/07)
* Wilfried Schober & Eckard Grimmberger (1993) ''Hamlyn Guide: Bats of Britain and Europe'', Hamlyn, London.
* R. E. Stebbings & Francesca Griffith (1986) ''Distribution and Status of Bats in Europe'', Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Huntingdon.
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://www.arkive.org/species/ARK/mammals/Pipistrellus_nathusii/ ARKive] Photographs, Video.
*[http://news.sciencemag.org/plants-animals/2014/06/listen-bats-sing/ Listen to bat sing] Audio of courtship song at roost and while flying.

{{Vespertilionidae|V.|P.}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nathusius's Pipistrelle}}
[[Category:Bats of Europe]]
[[Category:Mammals of Russia]]
[[Category:Mammals of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Mammals of Turkey]]
[[Category:Mammals of Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Fauna of Cyprus]]
[[Category:Mammals of the Middle East|Pipistrelle, Nathusius's]]
[[Category:Fauna of Northern Cyprus]]
[[Category:Pipistrellus]]

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Nathusius's pipistrelle - Revision history

Moderator: 1 revision

Cydebot: Robot - Moving category Mammals of Iran to :Category:Mammals of the Middle East per CFD at Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2015 June 14.