Moderator: 1 revision

2026-05-16T20:09:29Z

1 revision

Bender the Bot: http→https for Google Books and Google News using AWB

2016-10-16T01:37:13Z

http→https for Google Books and Google News using AWB

New page

{{Infobox officeholder
| name=Masud Sabri
| image =Masʿūd Ṣabrī.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = 1886
| death_date = 1952
| birth_place = [[Yining City|Ili]], [[Xinjiang]]
| death_place = [[Xinjiang]]
| nickname=
| birth_name=
|office= Inspector-General for Xinjiang Province
|term_start=
|term_end=
|lieutenant=
|office2= Governor of [[Xinjiang]]<ref name="Klimeš2015">{{cite book|author=Ondřej Klimeš|title=Struggle by the Pen: The Uyghur Discourse of Nation and National Interest, c.1900-1949|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rdcuBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA197#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=8 January 2015|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-28809-6|pages=197–}}</ref>
|term_start2= June 1947
|term_end2= 1949
|predecessor2= [[Zhang Zhizhong]]
|successor2= [[Burhan Shahidi]]
|party = [[CC Clique]] of [[Kuomintang]] party
|alma_mater = [[Istanbul University]]
|spouse=
|children=
|nationality=[[Uyghur people|Uyghur]]
|religion = [[Islam]]
| allegiance = [[File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|20px|Flag of the Republic of China]] [[Republic of China]]
}}

'''Masud Sabri''' (1886–1952), also known as Masʿūd Ṣabrī ({{lang-ug|مەسئۇت سابرى|}}), (مسعود صبري), ({{zh|t=麥斯武德·沙比爾|s=麦斯武德·沙比尔|p=Màisīwǔdé·Shābì'ěr}}), was a Uyghur political leader in Xinjiang and Governor of [[Xinjiang]] during the [[Ili Rebellion]]. He received education at [[Yining (city)|Kulja]] and [[Istanbul]] and was a pan Turkist.

==Education==

After attending [[Istanbul University]] and learning medicine, Sabri returned to Xinjiang to become a [[pharmacist]].

==Career==
Governor of Xinjiang [[Yang Zengxin]] jailed Masud Sabri for pan turkist activities and then deported him from the province.<ref name="David D. Wang 1999 28">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tOudnMANP80C&pg=PA28&lpg=PA28&dq=masud+sabri&source=bl&ots=DWcVar5MSN&sig=tGK5ci7z0d1cbqQ69d85QL219cE&hl=en&ei=Ca6DTaylJsK20QHPhPXGCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=masud%20sabri&f=false|title=Clouds over Tianshan: essays on social disturbance in Xinjiang in the 1940s|author=David D. Wang|year=1999|publisher=NIAS Press|location=|isbn=87-87062-62-3|page=28|pages=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref>

Masud supported the [[First East Turkestan Republic]] while based at [[Aksu, Xinjiang|Aqsu]] with Mahmud Sijan. After it was crushed by the [[36th Division (National Revolutionary Army)]] Masud fled to British India and then to [[Nanjing]], where he joined the [[Kuomintang]] [[Republic of China]] government. The Central Military Academy and Central University accepted some of his relatives as students in Nanjing after he joined the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang.<ref name="BoormanHoward1967">{{cite book|author1=Howard L. Boorman|author2=Richard C. Howard|author3=Joseph K. H. Cheng|title=Biographical Dictionary of Republican China|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r3AJFusMHJwC&pg=PA23&dq=ma+lin+muslim&hl=en&ei=5X2qTJmEIcGB8gbula3cBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBTgo#v=onepage&q=ma%20lin%20muslim&f=false|year=1967|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-08957-9|pages=23–}}</ref>

In 1942, Masud Sabri was serving on the 36 seated State Council (Chinese National Political Council), the only other Muslim member was the [[Hui people|Chinese Muslim]] General [[Ma Lin (warlord)|Ma Lin]].<ref name="BoormanHoward1967"/>

[[Bai Chongxi]], the Defence Minister of China, and a Muslim, was considered for being appointed Governor of Xinjiang. The position was then given to Masud Sabri, who was pro Kuomintang and anti-Soviet. He replaced [[Zhang Zhizhong]]. [[Ehmetjan Qasim]], the Communist Uyghur Ili leader, repeatedly demanded that Masud Sabri be [[Dismissal (employment)|sacked]] as governor.<ref name="attempts">[http://images.library.wisc.edu/FRUS/EFacs/1947v07/reference/frus.frus1947v07.i0008.pdf UNSUCCESSFUL ATTEMPTS TO RESEOLVE POLITICAL PROBLEMS IN SINKIANG; EXTENT OF SOVIET AID AND ENCOURAGEMENT TO REBEL GROUPS IN SINKIANG; BORDER INCIDENT AT PEITASHAN]</ref>

Masud Sabri was an opponent of the Soviet puppet Uyghur regime in Ili during the [[Ili Rebellion]], opposing all efforts to negotiate with [[Ehmetjan Qasim]] along with others like Wang Tseng-shan, a [[Hui people|Chinese Muslim]], who was the KMT commissioner of Civil Affairs in the [[Xinjiang]] Coalition Government from 1946–47, and was associated with the CC Clique. Masud Sabri was also a CC Clique member, as was the [[Chinese Tatars|Tatar]] [[Burhan Shahidi]] and the KMT-general and Han-Chinese [[Wu Zhongxin]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=warlords+and+muslims&hl=en&ei=hy1CTKCMFcK88gbj-ZgP&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=cc%20clique%20wang&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|year=1986|publisher=CUP Archive|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=0-521-25514-7|pages=199, 247, 253|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref> He led the Xinjiang coalition government from 1948-1949<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rsLQdBUgyMUC&dq=xibei+jiuying+wangshi&q=chiang+bughra#v=snippet&q=masud%20a%20uighur%20native%20ili&f=false|title=Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West|author=Hsiao-ting Lin|year=2010|publisher=Taylor & Francis|location=|isbn=0-415-58264-4|page=101|pages=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref> Masud Sabri formed a group of pan turkists with [[Muhammad Amin Bughra]] and [[Isa Yusuf Alptekin]] to join the Kuomintang [[Republic of China]] coalition government in Xinjiang, opposing the Uyghur Communist Ili regime in the [[Second East Turkestan Republic]].There were 3 Effendis, (Üch Äpändi) (ئۈچ ئەپەندى) Aisa Alptekin, Memtimin Bughra (Muhammad Amin Bughra), and Masud Sabri.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-first=James A.|editor1-last=Millward|editor2-first=Yasushi|editor2-last=Shinmen|editor3-first=Jun|editor3-last=Sugawara|publisher=The Toyo Bunko|year=2010|location=Tokyo|first=Ablet|last=Kamalov|page=260|series=Studies on Xinjiang Historical Sources in 17-20th Centuries|title=Uyghur Memoir literature in Central Asia on Eastern Turkistan Republic (1944-49)|url=http://www.academia.edu/2277955/Uyghur_Memoir_literature_in_Central_Asia_on_Eastern_Turkistan_Republic_1944-49_}}</ref><ref name="Klimeš2015 2">{{cite book|author=Ondřej Klimeš|title=Struggle by the Pen: The Uyghur Discourse of Nation and National Interest, c.1900-1949|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rdcuBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA197#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=8 January 2015|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-28809-6|pages=197–}}</ref> The Second East Turkestan Republic attacked them as Kuomintang "puppets".<ref name="Klimeš2015 3">{{cite book|author=Ondřej Klimeš|title=Struggle by the Pen: The Uyghur Discourse of Nation and National Interest, c.1900-1949|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rdcuBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA241&lpg=PA241&dq=khelq+people&source=bl&ots=abNrSh81vg&sig=Z6TeqqfQ-4KJZMsfIPjhxdCyG_w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAWoVChMIuu2et6-ZyQIVSEcmCh082Qzw#v=onepage&q=khelq%20people&f=false|date=8 January 2015|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-28809-6|pages=241–}}</ref> Ehmetjan Qasim's government in Ili attacked Isa Yusuf Alptekin, Muhammad Amin Bughra, and Masud Sabri as supporters of the Kuomintang and puppets of imperialism.<ref name="Wang1999">{{cite book|author=David D. Wang|title=Clouds Over Tianshan: Essays on Social Disturbance in Xinjiang in the 1940s|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c06Er-AvexcC&pg=PA28&lpg=PA28#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=January 1999|publisher=NIAS Press|isbn=978-87-87062-62-6|pages=28–}}</ref>

Masud Sabri and fellow [[Pan-Turkism|Pan-Turkic]] [[Jadidism|Jadidist]] and [[East Turkestan Independence Movement|East Turkestan Independence activist]] [[Muhammad Amin Bughra]] rejected the Soviet imposition of the name "[[Uyghur people]]" upon the Turkic people of Xinjiang. They wanted instead the name "Turkic ethnicity" (Tujue zu in Chinese) to be applied to their people. Masud Sabri also viewed the [[Hui people]] as Muslim Han Chinese and separate from his own people.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qz3vdkxBt4AC&pg=PA181#v=onepage&q&f=false] {{harvnb|Wei|2002|p=181}}</ref> The names "Türk" or "Türki" in particular were demanded by Bughra as the real name for his people. He slammed Sheng Shicai for his designation of Turkic Muslims into different ethnicities which could sow disunion among Turkic Muslims.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA209#v=onepage&q&f=false] {{harvnb|Millward|2007|p=209}}</ref>

In January 1949, [[Burhan Shahidi]] succeeded Masud Sabri as the chairman of Xinjiang Provincial Government.<ref>[[#Benson|Benson 1990]]: 155</ref>

In 1948 Sabri turned down the proposal of being appointed ambassador to Iran from China. The Communist Party placed him under detention and imprisoned him, in 1952 he died, still incarcerated.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA84&dq=committee+for+national+revolution+sabit&hl=en&ei=16cjTNK8EsKAlAf37K2aAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=ambassador%20iran%20sabri&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|year=1986|publisher=CUP Archive|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=0-521-25514-7|page=247|pages=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite book | last= Benson | first= Linda | year= 1990 | title= The Ili Rebellion: the Moslem challenge to Chinese authority in Xinjiang, 1944-1949 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=suuXIhetjZcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=linda+benson+xinjiang&source=bl&ots=XpCjABuE_w&sig=_0OrEmwH9Y3KdlIIA34B9Qe5Fng&hl=en&ei=LVTgTMrNJoS0lQeJhZjtAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&sqi=2&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=burhan&f=false | publisher= M.E. Sharpe | location= | isbn= 0-87332-509-5 | ref=Benson}}
* {{cite book|last=Millward|first=James A.|title=Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang|year=2007|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=0231139241|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=illustrated|accessdate=25 March 2013}}
* {{cite book|title=Exploring Nationalisms of China: Themes and Conflicts|year=2002|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=0313315124|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qz3vdkxBt4AC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|volume=Volume 102 of Contributions to the Study of World History Series|editors=C. X. George Wei, Xiaoyuan Liu|accessdate=25 March 2013}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Masud Sabri}}
*[http://oxuscom.com/sovinxj.htm The Soviets in Xinjiang (1911-1949) by Mark Dickens]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sabri, Masud}}
[[Category:History of Xinjiang]]
[[Category:Uyghurs]]
[[Category:Chinese Muslims]]
[[Category:Chinese Nationalist military figures]]
[[Category:Republic of China politicians from Xinjiang]]
[[Category:Prisoners who died in Chinese detention]]
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Ili]]
[[Category:Istanbul University alumni]]

← Older revision	Revision as of 20:09, 16 May 2026
(No difference)

Masud Sabri - Revision history

Moderator: 1 revision

Bender the Bot: http→https for Google Books and Google News using AWB