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Jürgen Klinsmann1990 at 00:16, 10 July 2016

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'''Jambyl Jabayev''' ({{lang-kz|'''Жамбыл Жабаев'''}}) (28 February 1846 — 22 June 1945) was a [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]] traditional folksinger ([[Kazakh language|Kazakh]]: ''[[akyn]]'').

== Life ==
According to a family legend, his mother, Uldan, gave birth to him near Mt. Jambyl, close to the headwaters of the [[Chu River]] while fleeing an attack on her village. His father, Dzhabay, then named his son after the mountain.

As a boy, Jambyl learned how to play the [[dombura]] and at age 14, left his home to become an ''akyn''. He learned the art of improvisation from the ''akyn'' Suyunbai Aronuly. Jambyl sang exclusively in the Kazakh language.

Many patriotic, pro-revolution and pro-Stalin poems and songs were attributed to Jambyl in the 1930s and were widely circulated in the Soviet Union.

Jambyl Jabayev died on June 22, 1945, eight months before his 100th birthday. He was buried in Alma-Ata in a garden which he cultivated with his own hands.

The Kazakh city of [[Taraz]] was named after Jambyl from 1938 to 1997. [[Jambyl Province]], in which Taraz is located, still bears his name.

== Authorship controversy ==
It has been claimed that the authors of Jambyl's published poems were actually Russian poets, who were officially credited as "translators."<ref>[http://lj.rossia.org/users/tapirr/951400.html Дм. Дм. Шостакович. Воспоминания.]</ref><ref>[http://www.gumilev.ru/biography/42/#104 Виталий Петрановский, Дмитрий Гузевич. «Виртуальный» Гумилёв, или аналитические воспоминания]</ref><ref>[http://www.vekperevoda.com/1900/mtarlovskij.htm Информация о Тарловском на сайте «Век перевода»]</ref>

Poet [[Andrei Aldan-Semyonov]] claimed that he was the "creator" of Jambyl, when in 1934, he was given the task by the [[CPSU|Party]] to find an ''akyn''. Aldan-Semenov found Jambyl on the recommendation of the collective farm chairman, the only criterion of choice was that the ''akyn'' be poor and have many children and grandchildren. After Aldan-Semenov's arrest, other "translators" wrote Jambyl's poems.<ref>[http://www.gumilev.ru/biography/42/#104 Виталий Петрановский, Дмитрий Гузевич. «Виртуальный» Гумилёв, или аналитические воспоминания]</ref>

In a different account, according to the Kazakh journalist Erbol Kurnmanbaev, Jambyl was an ''akyn'' of his clan, but until 1936 was relatively unknown. In that year, a young talented poet Abilda Tazhibaev "discovered" Jambyl. He was directed to do this by the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, [[Levon Mirzoyan]], who wanted to find an ''akyn'' similar to [[Suleiman Stalsky]], the [[Dagestan]]i poet. Tazhibaev then published the poem "My Country", under Jambyl's name. It was translated into Russian by the poet Pavel Kuznetsov, published in the newspaper "Pravda" and was a success. After that, a group of his "secretaries" - the young Kazakh poets<ref>[http://www.zonakz.net/articles/4print.php?artid=18141 Ербол Курманбаев. Несчастный великий Джамбул “Свободa Слова”, №3, 25 января 2007]</ref> worked under Jambyl's name. In 1941-1943, they were joined by the Russian poet [[Mark Tarlovsky]].<ref>Витковский Е., Резвый В. Под копирку судьбы // Марк Тарловский. Молчаливый полет. Стихотворения. Поэма. Составление, послесловие и комментарии Е. Витковского и В. Резвого. М., 2009. [http://witkowsky.livejournal.com/53344.html]</ref>

<gallery widths=160px>
File:The Soviet Union 1971 CPA 4065 stamp (Jambyl Jabayev (after Anatoly Yar-Kravchenko)).png|USSR stamp (1971) commemorating the 125th anniversary of the birth of Jambyl Jabayev
File:Stamp of Kazakhstan 128.jpg|Kazakhstan stamp (1996)
</gallery>

== Films ==
# 1953 — «Джамбул» ([[Jambyl (film)|Jambyl]]) film director Efim Dzigan.
# 1994 — «Жамбыл: Адамзатың ұлы жыршысы» ([[Jambyl: The Great singer of mankind]]) documentary film director Kalila Umarov.

==References==
{{reflist|32em}}

==External links==
{{Commonscat|Jambyl Jabayev}}
*[http://expat.nursat.kz/?3648 Jambyl Jabayev biography at EXPATsite]
* {{cite encyclopedia | title = Żabajew Żambył | encyclopedia = [[Internetowa encyklopedia PWN]] | url=http://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo.php?id=4002683 | accessdate = 2006-11-17 }}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jabayev, Jambyl}}
[[Category:1846 births]]
[[Category:1945 deaths]]
[[Category:Kazakhstani male singers]]
[[Category:Stalin Prize winners]]

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Jürgen Klinsmann1990 at 00:16, 10 July 2016