View source for Terrorist Financing Convention

{{incomplete|date=January 2015}}{{EngvarB|date=May 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}}
{{Infobox treaty
| name                = Terrorist Financing Convention
| long_name           = International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism
| image               = 
| image_width         =
| caption             = 
| type                =  [[International criminal law]]
| date_drafted        = 9 December 1999
| date_signed         = 10 January 2000<ref>First signed by [[Belgium]], [[Canada]], [[Finland]], [[France]], [[Malta]], [[Netherlands]], [[Sri Lanka]], the [[United Kingdom]], and the [[United States]].</ref>
| location_signed     = [[New York City|New York]], [[United States]]
| date_sealed         =
| date_effective      = 10 April 2002
| condition_effective = 22 Ratifications
| date_expiration     =
| signatories         = 132
| parties             = 187
| depositor           = [[United Nations Secretary-General]]
| language            =
| languages           = Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish
| website             =
| wikisource          =
}}
The '''Terrorist Financing Convention''' (formally, the '''International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism''') is a 1999 [[United Nations]] [[multilateral treaty|treaty]] designed to criminalize acts of financing acts of [[terrorism]]. The convention also seeks to promote police and judicial co-operation to prevent, investigate and punish the financing of such acts. As of July 2015, the treaty has been ratified by 187 states; in terms of universality, it is therefore one of the most successful [[Anti-terrorism legislation|anti-terrorism treaties]] in history.

==Content==
Article 2.1 defines the crime of terrorist financing as the offense committed by "any person" who "by any means, directly or indirectly, unlawfully and willfully, provides or collects funds with the intention that they should be used or in the knowledge that they are to be used, in full or in part, in order to carry out" an act "intended to cause death or serious bodily injury to a [[civilian]], or to any other person not taking an active part in the hostilities in a situation of [[armed conflict]], when the purpose of such act, by its nature or context, is to intimidate a population, or to compel a government or an [[international organization]] to do or to abstain from doing any act."<ref>United Nations [http://treaties.un.org/doc/db/Terrorism/english-18-11.pdf 1999 International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism (Terrorist Financing Convention)], art. 2.1</ref>

State parties to this treaty also commit themselves to the freezing and seizure of funds intended to be used for terrorist activities and to share the forfeited funds with all state parties. Moreover, state parties commit themselves not to use [[bank secrecy]] as a justification for refusing to co-operate in the suppression of terrorist financing.

==Entry into force and ratifications==
The treaty entered into force on 10 April 2002. It has been ratified by 187 states, which includes all but nine member states of the United Nations plus the [[Cook Islands]], the [[Holy See]], and [[Niue]]. It has not been ratified by [[Burundi]], [[Chad]], [[Eritrea]], [[Iran]], [[Lebanon]], [[Somalia]], [[South Sudan]], [[Tuvalu]], and [[Zambia]]. (Burundi and Somalia have signed the convention but have not yet ratified it.)

==Impact==

In 2017 [[Ukraine]] opened a case against Russia for involvement and financing of [[Russian military intervention in Ukraine (2014–present)|military occupied]] [[Autonomous Republic of Crimea]]  and part of [[Donbas]].<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/06/ukraine-sues-russia-international-court-justiceforfinancing/
| title = Ukraine sues Russia in International Court of Justice for 'financing terrorism' and discrimination.
| date = Mar 2017
}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Definition of terrorism]]
* [[International conventions on terrorism]]
* [[United Nations General Assembly Sixth Committee (Legal)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* ASIL, ''Conventions on the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings and on Financing'', 96 American Journal of International Law, 255–258.(2002)
* C.F. Diaz-Paniagua, [https://books.google.com/books?id=q2qHd6a-slIC&lpg=PR4&dq=Negotiating%20terrorism%3A%20the%20negotiation%20dynamics%20of%20four%20UN%20counter-terrorism%20treaties%2C%201997-2005&hl=es&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Negotiating terrorism: The negotiation dynamics of four UN counter-terrorism treaties, 1997–2005''], City University of New York (2008).
* Roberto Lavalle, ''The International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism'', 60 Heidelberg Journal of International Law 491-510 (2000).
* [http://legal.un.org/avl/ha/icsft/icsft.html Introductory note] by Pierre Klein, procedural history note and audiovisual material on the ''International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism'' in the [http://legal.un.org/avl/historicarchives.html Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law]

==External links==
*[http://treaties.un.org/doc/db/Terrorism/english-18-11.pdf 1999 Text].
* [https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XVIII-11&chapter=18&clang=_en Status of ratifications].

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