View source for Magaza Masanchi

{{Infobox military person
|honorific_prefix  =
|name              =Magaza Masanchi
|honorific_suffix  =
|native_name       =
|native_name_lang  =
|image         =
|caption       =
|birth_date    = <!-- {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->1886
|death_date    = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->1937
|birth_place   =[[Russian Empire]]
|death_place   =
|placeofburial =
|placeofburial_label =
|placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
|nickname      =
|birth_name    =
|allegiance    ={{USSR}}
|branch        =
|serviceyears  =
|rank          =
|servicenumber =
|unit          =Dungan Cavalry Regiment
|commands      =Commander of the Dungan Cavalry Regiment
|battles       =[[Russian Civil War]]
|battles_label =
|awards        =
|relations     =
|laterwork     =
|signature     =
}}
{{Chinese name|[[Ma (surname)|Ma]]}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| s = 马三奇
| t = 馬三奇
| p = Mǎ Sānqí
|zh-dungan= Магәзы Масанчын
|altname= Magaza Masanchin
| s2 = 马三成
| t2 = 馬三成
| p2 = Mǎ Sānchéng
|zh-dungan2= Магәзы Масанчын
}}
'''Magaza Masanchi''' (1886–1937; [[Dungan language|Cyrillic Dungan]]: Магәзы Масанчын) or Magaza Masanchin ([[Dungan language|Cyrillic Dungan]]: Магәзы Масанчын) was a [[Dungan people|Dungan]] Communist revolutionary commander and Statesman in the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LtoAAAAMAAJ&q=MASANCHIN,+MAGAZA+(1886-1937).+Military+commander+during+the+Russian+Civil+War+and+member+of+the+Soviet+secret&dq=MASANCHIN,+MAGAZA+(1886-1937).+Military+commander+during+the+Russian+Civil+War+and+member+of+the+Soviet+secret&hl=en&ei=uFEiTb6kPIS8lQfg6-nuCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA|title=The Modern encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet history, Volume 21|author=Joseph L. Wieczynski|year=1994|publisher=Academic International Press|isbn=0-87569-064-5|page=125|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref> He participated in the [[Russian Revolution (1917)|Russian Revolution]] on the Bolshevik side. Karakunuz in [[Kazakhstan]] was renamed Masanchi after him. He was a victim of the [[Great Purge]] by [[Joseph Stalin]].

== Career ==
Masanchi was from [[Alma-Ata]] and his father was someone who worked on a farm.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sYxAAAAAIAAJ&q=One+of+the+true+sons+of+the+CP+who+devoted+his+whole+life+to+the+revolutionary+cause+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+commander+of+the+Special+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment.+The+son+of+a+farm+laborer&dq=One+of+the+true+sons+of+the+CP+who+devoted+his+whole+life+to+the+revolutionary+cause+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+commander+of+the+Special+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment.+The+son+of+a+farm+laborer&hl=en&ei=yU4iTczgAYWClAe0m4XbCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA|title=The Stalinist terror in the thirties: documentation from the Soviet press|author=Borys Lewytzkyj|year=1974|publisher=Hoover Institution Press|isbn=0-8179-1261-4|page=493|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LtoAAAAMAAJ&q=Masanchin+was+the+son+of+an+agricultural+worker+from+the+town+of+Alma-Ata.+In+1920+he+was+inducted+into+the+Tsarist+army+and+was+exposed+to+radical+ideas+during+World+War+I.+After+the+fall+of+the+Tsarist+monarchy+he+went+to+Tashkent&dq=Masanchin+was+the+son+of+an+agricultural+worker+from+the+town+of+Alma-Ata.+In+1920+he+was+inducted+into+the+Tsarist+army+and+was+exposed+to+radical+ideas+during+World+War+I.+After+the+fall+of+the+Tsarist+monarchy+he+went+to+Tashkent&hl=en&ei=11YiTZGoG4GdlgfKj-XQDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA|title=The Modern encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet history, Volume 21|author=Joseph L. Wieczynski|year=1994|publisher=Academic International Press|isbn=0-87569-064-5|page=125|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref>

During the [[Russian Civil War]] the Communists were interested in seeking the support of the non Russian Central Asian peoples. Dungans were invited to join the [[Red Army]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hZriAAAAMAAJ&q=on+Magaza+Masanchin,+a+Dungan+Red+Army+commander,+to+form+a+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment+as+a+matter+of+great+urgency&dq=on+Magaza+Masanchin,+a+Dungan+Red+Army+commander,+to+form+a+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment+as+a+matter+of+great+urgency&hl=en&ei=1k8iTcqrBcL7lwfU4riDDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAQ|title=Situating Central Asian review, Volume 16|author=Central Asian Research Centre (London, England), St. Antony's College (University of Oxford). Soviet Affairs Study Group|year=1968|publisher=Published by the Central Asian Research Centre in association with the Soviet Affairs Study Group, St. Antony's College, Oxford|isbn=|page=251|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref>

Dungans residing in town joined the Red Army after serving in the Tsarist forces when going back to [[Pishpek]], fighting for the Soviets in [[Semirech'ye]]. However, Dungan peasants were apathetic to both sides in the Civil War, it was reported that the Bolsheviks committed atrocities against the indigenous inhabitants of Central Asia. On the side of the White Russians were Rich Dungans and the Islamic Dungan clerics.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JV00AAAAIAAJ&q=attitude+seems+to+have+been+neutral,+which+is+hardly+surprising+given+the+outrageous+and+savage+deeds+tsarist&dq=attitude+seems+to+have+been+neutral,+which+is+hardly+surprising+given+the+outrageous+and+savage+deeds+tsarist&hl=en&ei=7FQiTcL8M4GglAfTntDmCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA|title=Situating Central Asian review, Volume 16|author=Central Asian Research Centre (London, England), St. Antony's College (University of Oxford). Soviet Affairs Study Group|year=1968|publisher=Published by the Central Asian Research Centre in association with the Soviet Affairs Study Group, St. Antony's College, Oxford|isbn=|page=251|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref>

Masanchi originally took part in World War I as a member of the [[Russian Imperial Army]]. After the [[Tsar]] was overthrown he went to [[Tashkent]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LtoAAAAMAAJ&q=Masanchin+was+the+son+of+an+agricultural+worker+from+the+town+of+Alma-Ata.+In+1920+he+was+inducted+into+the+Tsarist+army+and+was+exposed+to+radical+ideas+during+World+War+I.+After+the+fall+of+the+Tsarist+monarchy+he+went+to+Tashkent&dq=Masanchin+was+the+son+of+an+agricultural+worker+from+the+town+of+Alma-Ata.+In+1920+he+was+inducted+into+the+Tsarist+army+and+was+exposed+to+radical+ideas+during+World+War+I.+After+the+fall+of+the+Tsarist+monarchy+he+went+to+Tashkent&hl=en&ei=11YiTZGoG4GdlgfKj-XQDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA|title=The Modern encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet history, Volume 21|author=Joseph L. Wieczynski|year=1994|publisher=Academic International Press|isbn=0-87569-064-5|page=125|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref>

Masanchi commanded the Dungan Cavalry Regiment of the [[Red Army]] and was distinguished for his fighting against counter revolutionaries in [[Kazakhstan]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drhBAAAAYAAJ&q=of+the+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment+including+its+commander+Magaza+Masanchin&dq=of+the+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment+including+its+commander+Magaza+Masanchin&hl=en&ei=oU0iTaf8I8X6lwfj7PH8Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAQ|title=Situating Central Asian review, Volume 16|author=Central Asian Research Centre (London, England), St. Antony's College (University of Oxford). Soviet Affairs Study Group|year=1968|publisher=Published by the Central Asian Research Centre in association with the Soviet Affairs Study Group, St. Antony's College, Oxford|isbn=|page=250|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tUY5AQAAIAAJ&q=of+the+Third+International+Muslim+Battalion+(1918)+and+Magaza+Masanchin,+commander+of+the+Separate+Turkestan+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment+which+fought+bravely+against+the+counter-revolutionary+forces.2+Proletarian+internationalism&dq=of+the+Third+International+Muslim+Battalion+(1918)+and+Magaza+Masanchin,+commander+of+the+Separate+Turkestan+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment+which+fought+bravely+against+the+counter-revolutionary+forces.2+Proletarian+internationalism&hl=en&ei=HFIiTcLeH4SKlwe0q9DLCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAQ|title=How the national question was solved in Soviet Central Asia (a reply to falsifiers)|author=Rais Abdulkhakovich Tuzmukhamedov|year=1973|publisher=Progress Publishers|isbn=|page=74|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref> Magaza Masanchi fought for the Soviet Union with [[Dmitry Furmanov]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqKyAAAAIAAJ&q=the+Dungan+Magaza+Masanchi,+the+Czech+Rudolf+Marecek&dq=the+Dungan+Magaza+Masanchi,+the+Czech+Rudolf+Marecek&hl=en&ei=7lMiTZObHcGqlAeV3t3KDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA|title=The Current digest of the Soviet press, Volume 20|author=Joint Committee on Slavic Studies, American Council of Learned Societies, Social Science Research Council (U.S.), American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies|year=1968|publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies|isbn=|page=35|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref> He became an official in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan after the Civil War.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drhBAAAAYAAJ&q=one+of+the+victims+(now+rehabilitated)+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+one+of+the+most&dq=one+of+the+victims+(now+rehabilitated)+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+one+of+the+most&hl=en&ei=XE4iTdDIJsSclgfF-q3MBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA|title=Situating Central Asian review, Volume 16|author=Central Asian Research Centre (London, England), St. Antony's College (University of Oxford). Soviet Affairs Study Group|year=1968|publisher=Published by the Central Asian Research Centre in association with the Soviet Affairs Study Group, St. Antony's College, Oxford|isbn=|page=250|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref>

After going to the 1921 Third Congress of the [[Comintern]] Masanchi battled the [[Basmachi movement]]. He was also a member of the Soviet secret police.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LtoAAAAMAAJ&q=In+1921+he+attended+the+Third+Congress+of+the+Comintern,+then+fought+against+the+Basmachi.+When+the+Civil+War+ended,+Masanchin+supposedly+held+highly+responsible+positions+for+the+Soviet+secret+police&dq=In+1921+he+attended+the+Third+Congress+of+the+Comintern,+then+fought+against+the+Basmachi.+When+the+Civil+War+ended,+Masanchin+supposedly+held+highly+responsible+positions+for+the+Soviet+secret+police&hl=en&ei=51AiTdGpAcWblgfYwrnjCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA|title=The Modern encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet history, Volume 21|author=Joseph L. Wieczynski|year=1994|publisher=Academic International Press|isbn=0-87569-064-5|page=125|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref>

Masanchi was a victim of the Stalinist [[Great Purge]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sYxAAAAAIAAJ&q=One+of+the+true+sons+of+the+CP+who+devoted+his+whole+life+to+the+revolutionary+cause+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+commander+of+the+Special+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment.+The+son+of+a+farm+laborer&dq=One+of+the+true+sons+of+the+CP+who+devoted+his+whole+life+to+the+revolutionary+cause+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+commander+of+the+Special+Dungan+Cavalry+Regiment.+The+son+of+a+farm+laborer&hl=en&ei=yU4iTczgAYWClAe0m4XbCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA|title=The Stalinist terror in the thirties: documentation from the Soviet press|author=Borys Lewytzkyj|year=1974|publisher=Hoover Institution Press|isbn=0-8179-1261-4|page=493|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref> He was [[Rehabilitation (Soviet)|rehabilitated]] later.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drhBAAAAYAAJ&q=one+of+the+victims+(now+rehabilitated)+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+one+of+the+most&dq=one+of+the+victims+(now+rehabilitated)+was+Magaza+Masanchin,+one+of+the+most&hl=en&ei=XE4iTdDIJsSclgfF-q3MBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA|title=Situating Central Asian review, Volume 16|author=Central Asian Research Centre (London, England), St. Antony's College (University of Oxford). Soviet Affairs Study Group|year=1968|publisher=Published by the Central Asian Research Centre in association with the Soviet Affairs Study Group, St. Antony's College, Oxford|isbn=|page=250|pages=|accessdate=2011-01-01}}</ref>

== Family ==
Masanchi's wife, Jienuo, ({{zh|s=杰娜|t=傑娜|p=Jiénuó}}) was [[Jewish]].

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* [http://club.huihuiwo.cn/n/html/renwu/20100416/978.html 苏俄三年內戰時期的東干（回族）英雄馬三成]
* [http://www.huizucn.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=26564]

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2010}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Masanchi, Magaza}}
[[Category:Hui people]]
[[Category:Soviet Army officers]]
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1937 deaths]]
[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]
[[Category:Old Bolsheviks]]
[[Category:Members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union executed by the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Executed military personnel]]
[[Category:Great Purge victims from Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:People of the Russian Civil War]]
[[Category:People of the Russian Revolution]]
[[Category:Russian military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Russian people of Chinese descent]]
[[Category:Russian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Soviet rehabilitations]]
[[Category:People from Almaty]]