View source for Ekibastuz–Kokshetau high-voltage line

{{Infobox power transmission line
| name                    = Ekibastuz–Kokshetau high-voltage line
| photo                   = 
| caption                 = 
| map                     = 
| country                 = Kazakhstan
| state                   = 
| province                = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|51|52|51|N|75|12|59|E|type:landmark|name=Ekibastuz substation}}<br/>{{coord|53|19|4|N|68|55|02|E|type:landmark|name=Kokshetau substation}}
| direction               = 
| start                   = [[Ekibastuz]]
| through                 = 
| finish                  = [[Kokshetau]]
| par                     = 
| owner                   = 
| partners                = 
| operator                = [[KEGOC]]
| substation_manufacturer = 
| substation_installer    = 
| contractors             = 
| construction            = 1980
| est                     = 1985
| decom                   = 
| type                    = [[Overhead line]]
| current_type            = [[alternating current|AC]]
| length                  = 432
| tower_no                = 
| capacity                = 5,500&nbsp;MW (original)
| AC_voltage              = 1,150&nbsp;kV (original)<br/>500&nbsp;kV (current)
| poles_no                = 
| circuits_no             = 
}}

[[File:Insulators compare.jpg|thumb|PSK-300A and PS-400A (U400A) [[Insulator (electrical)|disc suspension insulators]] used on 1150 kV powerlines in comparison with common U70BL insulator]]
[[File:Lep Chelyabinskaya Oblast.jpg|thumb|1150 kV Powerline]]
The '''Ekibastuz–Kokshetau high-voltage line''' is an [[alternating current]] [[electrical power transmission]] line in [[Kazakhstan]] from [[Ekibastuz]] to [[Kokshetau]].  It was the first commercially used power line in the world which operated at 1,150&nbsp;kV, the highest transmission line voltage in the world.  It is a part of the Itatsk ([[Sharypovo, Krasnoyarsk Krai|Sharypovo]])–[[Barnaul]]–Ekibastuz–Kokshetau–[[Kostanay]]–[[Chelyabinsk]] ([[Siberia]]–Kazakhstan–[[Urals]]) transmission system, which was designed to transfer electricity from Siberia and Kazakhstan to industrial region in Urals.<ref name=kutuzova>
{{Cite conference
 | title = Опыт проектирования и эксплуатации ВЛ 1150 кВ переменного тока Экибастуз-Урал с точки зрения влияния на окружающую среду
 | trans-title = Experience in the design and operation of overhead line 1150&nbsp;kV AC Ekibastuz-Urals in terms of impact on the environment
 | conference = CIS Electric Power Council conference
 | location = Moscow
 | author = Kutuzova, N. B.
 | year = 2007
 | url = http://www.energo-info.ru/images/pdf/Kutuzova.pdf
 | accessdate = 2016-08-20
 | language = Russian
 | format = PDF
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110812223757/http://www.energo-info.ru/images/pdf/Kutuzova.pdf
 | archive-date = 2011-08-12
 | dead-url = yes}}
</ref>

Designated as power line number&nbsp;1101, it runs {{convert|432|km|mi}} from Ekibastuz to Kokshetau.  It is mounted on [[transmission tower]]s with an average height of {{convert|45|m|ft}}.  The weight of the conductors between the spans is approximately 50&nbsp;tons. With a voltage of 1,150&nbsp;kV the line had a maximum transfer capacity of 5,500&nbsp;MW.<ref name=museum>
{{Cite web
 | title = Уникальная ЛЭП-1150
 | trans-title = Unique 1,150&nbsp;kV power transmission line
 | publisher = Energy Museum of Urals
 | url = http://musen.ru/chronicle/1987_2/
 | accessdate = 2016-08-20}}
</ref>

The whole length of the Siberia–Kazakhstan–Urals line is {{convert|2344|km}}, of which {{convert|1421|km}} is located in Kazakhstan and the rest is located in Russia.<ref name=liu2/>

==History==
In 1973, the Soviet Union built a three-phase UHV experimental test circuit over a kilometre long at the [[Belvy Rast High Voltage Research Station|Beily Rast substation]], near Dmitrov in Moscow region.  In 1978, a 270&nbsp;km UHV test line for industrial use was built from Sharypovo to [[Novokuznetsk]].  In 1985, this test line became part of the Siberia–Urals line.  At the time, no other country had an operational UHV line of this voltage, although several other countries were running experiments.<ref name=liu>[[#Liu|Liu (2014)]], p. 21</ref><ref name=liu2>[[#Liu2|Liu (2015)]], p. 322</ref>

On 24 March 1977, the [[Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]] and the [[Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union]] took a decision of construction of the Ekibastuz–Centre ([[Tambov]]) 1,500&nbsp;kV [[direct current]] line.<ref name=kutuzova/><ref name=kirichek>
{{Cite news
 | title = Как строили "миллионку"
 | trans-title = How "millionka" was built
 | newspaper = Golos Ekibastuza
 | author = Kirichek, B.
 | url = http://lib-ekb.kz/upload/iblock/a30/a30eb124d6dd420e6414ed86740747e1.pdf
 | date = 2007-12-20
 | format = PDF
 | language = Russian
 | accessdate = 2016-08-20}}
</ref>  This line was under construction but was never finished.<ref name=kutuzova/>  In addition, the Ekibastuz–Urals line was planned. Construction of this line started in 1980. The Ekibastuz–Kokshetau line was commissioned in the end of July 1985.<ref name=kutuzova/><ref name=kirichek/>  The technical design of the line was done by Energosetproekt. The main contractor was Specsetstroy, while contractors for the 1,150&nbsp;kV substations were Ekibastuzenergostroy and Yuzhuralenergostroy. Equipment for substations were provided by Zaporozhtransformator, [[Elektrosila]], and Uralelektrotyazhmash.<ref name=kirichek/>

In 1988, this 1,150&nbsp;kV line was prolonged to Kostanay. By 1990, the whole line from Barnaul to Chelyabinsk was built; however, as 1,150&nbsp;kV substations were built only in the territory of Kazakhstan, the rest of this system operated at 500&nbsp;kV. After dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the whole Siberia–Urals transmission system was downgraded to 500&nbsp;kV.<ref name=kutuzova/><ref name=kommersant120412>
{{Cite news
 | title = Олег Дерипаска заглянул в светлое прошлое
 | trans-title = Oleg Deripaska looked into the bright past
 | newspaper = [[Kommersant]]
 | first1 = Natalya | last1 = Skrolygina
 | first2 = Vladimir | last2 = Dzaguto
 | url = http://kommersant.ru/doc/1913812
 | date = 2012-04-12
 | language = Russian
 | accessdate = 2016-08-20}}
</ref>  In 1998, the Siberia–Urals line was prolonged from Barnaul to Itatsk.

==Sites==

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"
 ! Name || Coordinates 
|-
| [[Chelyabinsk]] || {{coord|54|59|29|N|60|40|40|E|type:landmark|name=Chelyabinsk substation}}
|-
| [[Kostanay]]|| {{coord|53|4|37|N|63|20|46|E|type:landmark|name=Kostany substation}}
|-
| [[Kokshetau]] || {{coord|53|19|4|N|68|55|02|E|type:landmark|name=Kokshetau substation}}
|-
| [[Ekibastuz]] || {{coord|51|52|51|N|75|12|59|E|type:landmark|name=Ekibastuz substation}}
|-
| [[Barnaul]] || {{coord|53|34|28|N|83|40|4|E|type:landmark|name=Barnaul substation}}
|-
| [[Sharypovo, Krasnoyarsk Krai|Sharypovo]] || {{coord|55|26|11|N|89|04|25|E|type:landmark|name=Itatsk substation}}
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* Research Institute of Development Assistance (Japan), ''Regional cooperation in central Asia : focusing on infrastructure development'', The Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund, Japan, Research Papers No. 27, July 1998 {{OCLC|40657952}}.
* {{cite book | title = Ultra-high Voltage AC/DC Grids | last1 = Liu | first1 = Zhenya | publisher = [[Academic Press]] | year = 2014 | isbn = 9780128021613 |ref=Liu}}
* {{cite book | title = Global Energy Interconnection | last1 = Liu | first1 = Zhenya | publisher = Academic Press | year = 2015 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=T_MQCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA322 | isbn = 9780128044063 |ref=Liu2}}

{{Portal|Kazakhstan|Energy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ekibastuz-Kokshetau high-voltage line}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures built in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Electric power infrastructure in Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:High-voltage transmission lines]]