View source for Bandar-e Anzali

{{Infobox settlement
 | official_name          = Bandar-e Anzali
 | native_name            = '''بندرانزلی'''
 | settlement_type        = city
 | image_skyline          = AC-anzali-Menareh-mani-golnazi.jpg
 | imagesize              = 200px
 | image_caption          = '''Anzali boulevard'''
 | pushpin_map            = Iran
 | mapsize                = 220px
 | subdivision_type       = [[List of countries|Country]]
 | subdivision_name       = {{flag|Iran}}

 | subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Iran|Province]]
 | subdivision_name1 = [[Gilan Province|Gilan]]

 | subdivision_type2 = [[City of Iran|City]]
 | subdivision_name2 = [[Bandar-e Anzali City|Bandar-e Anzali]]

 | subdivision_type3 = [[Bakhsh]]
 | subdivision_name3 = [[Central District (Bandar-e Anzali City)|Central]]

 | leader_title           = Mayor
 | leader_name            = Reza Pourshaaban
 | image_seal             = 
 | established_title      =
 | established_date       =
 | area_total_km2         =
 | area_footnotes         =
 | population_as_of       = 2006
 | population_total       = 109687
 | population_density_km2 = auto
 | timezone               = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
 | utc_offset             = +3:30
 | timezone_DST           = [[Iran Daylight Time|IRDT]]
 | utc_offset_DST         = +4:30
 | coordinates            = {{coord|37|28|22|N|49|27|44|E|region:IR|display=inline,title}}
 | elevation_m            =
 | website                = {{URL|www.anzali.ir}}
 | area_code              =
 | footnotes              =
}}
[[File:Bandar-e Anzali Sea Tranzit.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Bandar-e Anzali Sea Tranzit]]
[[File:Anzali lagoon Barry Kent.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Anzali Lagoon on the Caspian Sea]]

'''Bandar-e Anzali''' ({{lang-fa|بندرانزلی}}, also [[Romanize]]d as '''Bandar-e Anzalī'''; before the [[Iranian Revolution]], was renamed from Bandar-e Anzali to '''Bandar-e Pahlavi''' by [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Reza Pahlavi]])<ref>{{GEOnet3|-3055109}}</ref> is a city in [[Guilan Province]], [[Iran]].  At the 2006 census, its population was 109,687, in 32,424 families.<ref>{{IranCensus2006|01}}</ref>

'''Bandar-e Anzali''' ('''Anzali Port''') is a harbour town ("Bandar" means "port") on the '''[[Caspian Sea]]''', close to [[Rasht]]. Bandar-e Anzali is one of the most important seaports in the north of Iran. It consists of an island called ''Mianposhteh'' and the surrounding lands. Tourist attractions include a clock tower called ''Manareh'', the long harbour promenade, and the water-logged delta of and beach along the [[Sefid River]].
Bandar-e Anzali is the port where the [[Poland|Polish]] [[Anders Army]] disembarked, in an operation that lasted from April 1 until October, 1942, after evacuating from the [[USSR]]. The Polish Cemetery in the city was created the same year.

== History ==
Anzali is an old city in ancient Iran, they are related to [[Kadusin]], owing to their pleasant relationship with Cyprus and their cooperation in battles, they changed their name to Anzan (Anshan-e Pars) "The Anshans of Persia", in which the Greeks called Anzaluy.
This word In Pahlavi language means Anzalag and the variant Persian form of it is Anzalazh. Anzali Gulf was a safe harbour for trade ships and fishing boats. It was renamed to Pahlavi in 1935.

In 1919, with the collapse of General Anton Denikin's White Russian army, eighteen of his ships sought refuge in Anzali. On 18 May 1920, a Soviet flotilla of thirteen ships launched a surprise attack on Anzali, capturing the British garrison and the eighteen White Russian ships. This allowed for the establishment of the short-lived Persian Socialist Republic and the Persian Communist Party. Soviet authorities denied responsibility for the attack, blaming the local Russian naval commander for attacking under his own authority.<ref>A Peace to End All Peace, David Fromkin, 1989, pp.458-459.</ref>

Its wonderful lagoon, Customs and City Hall edifice (Shahrdari), Mian Poshte Palace and Motamedi Edifice, are its tourist attractions. Until 1980, when it was moved to Noshahr, Anzali was the site of the Caspian University of Naval Science. The structure Of Naser-al-din Shah Place which was built by Moayer-ol-mamalekk and its famous Sangi Bath was destroyed by people and natural factors.

A wonder of Sangi Bath was the system of heating and durability water in its basins. Some groups think that Motamedi edifice had been changed; it is now its police office. This Ghajar Structure built in two floors with the help of Mirza Abd-ol-Vahab.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://anzaliclub.ir/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%84%DB%8C/|title=انزلی کلاب|work=انزلی کلاب|accessdate=8 October 2015}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:AC-Borj-e-Tavoos.jpg|thumb|250px|Tovoos Tower, the tallest tower in Bandar-e Anzali]] 
The [[Anzali Lagoon]] divides the Anzali Port in two parts. The town is connected by two bridges to the ''Beheshti Island''. There is a caviar processing factory in Bandar-e Anzali, some old ruins from 19th century and the popular ''Shanbeh Bazaar''. ''Tourbebar'' is a village about 40 kilometers from Bandar-e Anzali, near the Anzali Lagoon.

==Climate==
Bandar-e Anzali has the most humid climate of any city in Iran, having a climate somewhat similar in its heavy autumn and early winter rainfall and persistent high humidity and low sunshine to the [[Hokuriku region|Sea of Japan coast]] of [[Japan]], though it receives much less summer rainfall than that region. It remains classified as a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''). The warm and humid weather has allowed this region to grow crops such as [[rice]] and [[tea]] that require very large amounts of moisture, especially with the extra water draining from the Elburz Mountains.

<div style="width:70%;">

{{Weather box
|location = Bandar-e Anzali
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan record high C = 29
|Feb record high C = 31
|Mar record high C = 33
|Apr record high C = 35.6
|May record high C = 36
|Jun record high C = 35
|Jul record high C = 37
|Aug record high C = 36
|Sep record high C = 33
|Oct record high C = 37
|Nov record high C = 34
|Dec record high C = 31
|Jan high C = 10.1
|Feb high C = 9.8
|Mar high C = 11.2
|Apr high C = 16.2
|May high C = 21.8
|Jun high C = 26.6
|Jul high C = 29.4
|Aug high C = 29.2
|Sep high C = 25.7
|Oct high C = 21.2
|Nov high C = 16.5
|Dec high C = 12.6
|Jan low C = 4.6
|Feb low C = 4.4
|Mar low C = 6.3
|Apr low C = 10.7
|May low C = 15.9
|Jun low C = 20.0
|Jul low C = 22.4
|Aug low C = 22.2
|Sep low C = 19.4
|Oct low C = 15.1
|Nov low C = 10.5
|Dec low C = 6.7
|Jan record low C = &minus;7
|Feb record low C = &minus;4
|Mar record low C = &minus;4
|Apr record low C = &minus;1
|May record low C = 6
|Jun record low C = 10
|Jul record low C = 15
|Aug record low C = 16
|Sep record low C = 11
|Oct record low C = 6.6
|Nov record low C = 0
|Dec record low C = &minus;4
|rain colour=green
|Jan rain mm = 167.9
|Feb rain mm = 122.7
|Mar rain mm = 115.1
|Apr rain mm = 58.1
|May rain mm = 49.0
|Jun rain mm = 53.8
|Jul rain mm = 46.2
|Aug rain mm = 115.0
|Sep rain mm = 273.1
|Oct rain mm = 332.0
|Nov rain mm = 306.1
|Dec rain mm = 214.5
|Jan rain days = 11.5
|Feb rain days = 10.3
|Mar rain days = 11.4
|Apr rain days = 7.6
|May rain days = 6.7
|Jun rain days = 4.2
|Jul rain days = 3.7
|Aug rain days = 6.7
|Sep rain days = 11.0
|Oct rain days = 12.6
|Nov rain days = 12.4
|Dec rain days = 11.8
|unit rain days = 1.0 mm
|Jan humidity = 86
|Feb humidity = 86
|Mar humidity = 88
|Apr humidity = 86
|May humidity = 83
|Jun humidity = 79
|Jul humidity = 76
|Aug humidity = 79
|Sep humidity = 85
|Oct humidity = 87
|Nov humidity = 87
|Dec humidity = 86
|Jan sun = 90.8
|Feb sun = 90.2
|Mar sun = 95.4
|Apr sun = 136.0
|May sun = 201.4
|Jun sun = 246.0
|Jul sun = 256.8
|Aug sun = 211.9
|Sep sun = 159.0
|Oct sun = 122.6
|Nov sun = 97.3
|Dec sun = 90.0
|source 1 = [http://irimo.ir/english/monthly&annual/admin2.asp?CODE=16 Synoptic Stations Statistics]
|date=November 2011
}}
</div>

==Caviar==
Bandar-e Anzali is a center of [[caviar]] production. The preparation and marketing of which is a state monopoly, handled through [[The Iranian Fishing Company]] under the control of the Finance Ministry. The public is not admitted to the immense refrigerated hangars where tons of sturgeons, some as large as 3 meters long and weighing 100 kilograms, are stored after the removal of the caviar, usually equivalent to about one tenth of their weight.

==Sports==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Malavan Sport Club Logo.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Malavan Sport and Cultural Club Logo]] -->

The Iranian sports club [[Malavan]] is from Bandar-e Anzali, The football/soccer club
[[Malavan]] currently plays in the [[Iran Pro League]].

==People and culture==
The people of Anzali speak [[Gileki]] as the maternal language and [[Persian language|Persian]] as the national language. A significant amount of ethnic [[Azerbaijanis]] are found as well, most of whom are emigrants from the [[Azerbaijan Republic]], from during the era when it was under [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] rule.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | article = ANZALĪ | last = Bazin | first = Marcel | authorlink = | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/anzali-town-in-gilan | editor-last = | editor-first =  | editor-link = | encyclopedia  = Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 2 | pages = 143–145 | location = | publisher = | year = 1986 | isbn = |ref=harv}}</ref>

===Colleges and universities===
# Shahid Khodadadi College
# [[Islamic Azad University of Anzali]]

==Gallery==
<center>
<gallery>
File:Bolvare Bandar-e Anzali.jpg|Bandar-e Anzali Blvd.
File:Bandar e Anzali سی‌ متری- بلوار بندر انزلی.jpg|A walkway in Anzali
File:Banaye-shahrdari-bandar-e-anzali.jpg|City Hall Of Bandar-e Anzali
File:Antoin Sevruguin caspiansea.jpg|Destructed pavilion of Anzali   
File:Russian ships in Bandar-e Anzali.jpg|Russian ships docking in Bandar-e Anzali harbour
File:Bandar-Anzali, Iran, taken by Arashk Rajabpour.JPG|The harbour of Bandar-e Anzali
Bandar-e Anzali coast.jpg|Coast of Bandar-e Anzali
File:Bandar-e Anzali.jpg
File:I love you anzali galleryfull.jpg
</gallery>
</center>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Iran}}
{{Commons category|Bandar-e Anzali}}
* [http://www.anzali.ir/homepage.aspx?site=DouranPortal&tabid=1&lang=fa-IR Official website]
* [http://www.anzaliport.ir www.anzaliport.ir]
* [http://anzaliclub.ir/ Anzali News]
* {{Wikispace|anzali}} (not in English)

{{Gilan Province}}
{{Bandar-e Anzali County}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places in Bandar-e Anzali County]]
[[Category:Cities in Iran]]
[[Category:Cities in Gilan Province]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns in Iran]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Caspian Sea]]