View source for Nikolay Kuibyshev

{{Infobox military person
| native_name = Николай Владимирович Куйбышев
| image =Nikolay Vladimirovich Kuibyshev.jpg 
| birth_date = 25 December 1893
| death_date = {{death date and age|1938|8|1|1893|12|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kokshetau]], [[Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)|Akmolinsk Oblast]], [[Russian Empire]]
| death_place =[[Moscow]], [[Soviet Union]] 
| allegiance = [[Russian Empire]]<br>
[[Soviet Union]]
| branch = [[Imperial Russian Army]]<br>
[[Red Army]]
| serviceyears = 1914{{endash}}1917<br>
1918{{endash}}1938
| rank = [[Komkor]]
| commands = [[3rd Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|3rd Rifle Division]]<br>
[[9th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|9th Rifle Division]]<br>
[[2nd Caucasian Rifle Corps]]<br>
[[Kronstadt]] fortress<br>
[[Main Directorate of the Red Army]]<br>
[[Siberian Military District]]<br>
[[Transcaucasian Military District]]
| battles = [[World War I]]<br>
[[Russian Civil War]]
| awards = [[Order of the Red Banner]] (3)
}}'''Nikolay Vladimirovich Kuibyshev''' ({{Lang-ru|Николай Владимирович Куйбышев}}; {{OldStyleDate|25 December|1893|13 December}} {{En dash}} 1 August 1938) was a [[Red Army]] [[Komkor]].

The son of an [[Imperial Russian Army]] officer, Kuibyshev joined the army and fought in [[World War I]]. Kuibyshev joined the Red Army in 1918 and became commander of the [[3rd Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|3rd]] and [[9th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|9th Rifle Division]]<nowiki/>s on the [[Southern Front of the Russian Civil War]]. During the 1920s, Kuibyshev commanded a corps, courses for Red Army commanders, the group of Soviet advisors in China, and the [[Main Directorate of the Red Army]], and the [[Siberian Military District]]. He became secretary for [[Rabkrin]], the Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate, and a member of the [[Central Control Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Party Control Commission]] during the 1930s. Kuibyshev became commander of the [[Transcaucasian Military District]] in 1937. During the [[Great Purge]], he was arrested in February 1938 and executed in August. Kuibyshev was posthumously pardoned in 1956.

== Early life and World War I ==
Kuibyshev was born on 25 December 1893 in [[Kokshetau]], the son of an army officer. He was future Soviet politician [[Valerian Kuybyshev|Valerian Kuibyshev]]'s younger brother.{{Sfn|Stone|2000|p=265n3}} Kuibyshev graduated from the [[Omsk Cadet Corps]] in 1912 and entered the [[Alexandrov Military School]] in Moscow. After the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Kuibyshev was prematurely discharged from the school and joined the Russian Imperial Army with the rank of [[Podporuchik|Second lieutenant]]. He served with the [[10th Malorossiya Grenadier Regiment]] as a company and then battalion commander. Kuibyshev was wounded three times during the war and after the [[February Revolution]] of 1917 was elected a member of the regimental committee. In November 1917, he became the regimental adjutant with the rank of captain.{{Sfn|Cherushev|Cherushev|2012|pp=85{{endash}}87}}

== Russian Civil War ==
Kuibyshev served in the Red Army from the beginning of its existence, fighting on the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War. Between July and December 1918, Kuibyshev was a member of the [[Supreme Military Inspectorate]]. In January 1919, he became the [[Military commisar|military commissar]] of the [[13th Army (Soviet Union)|13th Army]]'s 3rd Rifle Division. Between July and August he was acting commander of the division. In September, Kuibyshev became commander of the 9th Rifle Division's 3rd Brigade. He became commander of the division in January 1920, leading it until June 1921. In 1920, he was awarded the [[Order of the Red Banner]]. On 5 February 1921, Kuibyshev was awarded his second Order of the Red Banner, for his actions between September and November 1920, in which Kuibyshev's leadership was credited with saving the [[Donbass]] from a [[White movement|White]] attack and pushing the White troops back to [[Genichesk]] while capturing 5,000 prisoners.{{Sfn|Cherushev|Cherushev|2012|pp=85{{endash}}87}}

== Interwar ==
Kuibyshev commanded the [[2nd Caucasian Rifle Corps]] between June and October 1921. He entered the Higher Academic Courses at the [[Military Academy of the Red Army]], graduating in March 1922. Kuibyshev then became the commandant of [[Kronstadt]] fortress and was awarded a third Order of the Red Banner during the same year. Between May 1923 and November 1924, he led the Higher Tactical-Infantry School (Vystrel) courses for Red Army commanders. In November 1924, Kuibyshev became assistant commander of the [[Turkestan Front]], which was fighting against the [[Basmachi movement]], a Muslim uprising in Central Asia. In October 1925 Kuibyshev was sent to China under the pseudonym "Kisanka" as an advisor to [[Chiang Kai-shek]]'s [[National Revolutionary Army]], replacing [[Vasily Blyukher]] in command of the group of military advisors and specialists in China. Kuibyshev openly disdained the Chinese officers, considering them "ignorant in the arts of the war." In the spring of 1926, Chiang requested the dismissal of Kuibyshev and the early return of Blyukher to China.{{Sfn|Taylor|2009|p=|pp=54{{endash}}57}} Kuibyshev returned to the Soviet Union in July 1926 and became commander and military commissar of the [[3rd Rifle Corps]]. In December, he became the chief of the [[Main Directorate of the Red Army]], which oversaw Red Army combat training, the Inspectorate, mobilization, and recruitment.{{Sfn|Erickson|2001|p=794}} Between January and November 1928, Kuibyshev was the assistant commander of the [[Moscow Military District]]. He commanded the [[Siberian Military District]] between November 1928 and November 1929. In December 1929, he became the chief of the Main Directorate again.{{Sfn|Cherushev|Cherushev|2012|pp=85{{endash}}87}}

Kuibyshev became the secretary of the administrative meetings of the [[Council of Labor and Defense]] in October 1930. At the same time, he was also a board member of the [[Rabkrin]], the Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate, and the chief of the Directorate of Military and Naval Inspection. Between February 1934 and March 1935, Kuibyshev was a member of the [[Central Control Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Party Control Commission]] and group leader for military and naval affairs. In April 1935, he became a member of the Bureau of the Party Control Commission. In June 1937, Kuibyshev became commander of the Transcaucasian Military District. After the beginning of the Great Purge, Kuibyshev criticized it for undermining readiness in November, during a meeting of the district's Military Soviet.{{Sfn|Conquest|2008|p=|pp=207{{endash}}208}} On 2 February 1938, Kuibyshev was arrested, based on information in confessions extracted from [[Mikhail Tukhachevsky]], [[Vitaly Primakov]], and [[Boris Feldman]]. Kuibyshev pleaded guilty to charges that he was involved in a "military-fascist conspiracy," and that he was a spy for the intelligence services of Germany, Poland, Japan, and Lithuania.{{Sfn|Zaleski|2000|p=258}} He was sentenced to death by the [[Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union|Military Collegium]] for "participating in a military conspiracy" and executed on 1 August 1938 at the [[Butovo firing range]], where he was interred in a mass grave.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sakharov-center.ru/asfcd/martirolog/?t=page&id=8280|title=Куйбышев Николай Владимирович|last=|first=|authorlink=|last2=|date=|website=Victims of Political Repression executed in Moscow Oblast Online Database|publisher=Sakharov Center|language=Russian|trans-title=Kuibyshev Nikolay Vladimirovich|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=3 March 2017}}</ref> On 19 May 1956, he was pardoned by decision of the Military Collegium.{{Sfn|Cherushev|Cherushev|2012|pp=85{{endash}}87}}

== References ==

=== Citations ===
<references />

=== Bibliography ===
* {{Cite book|url=http://1937god.info/node/1195|title=Расстрелянная элита РККА (командармы 1-го и 2-го рангов, комкоры, комдивы и им равные): 1937—1941. Биографический словарь.|last=Cherushev|first=Nikolai Semyonovich|last2=Cherushev|first2=Yury Nikolaevich|publisher=Kuchkovo Pole|year=2012|isbn=9785995002178|location=Moscow|pages=|language=Russian|trans-title=Executed Elite of the Red Army (Komandarms of the 1st and 2nd ranks, Komkors, Komdivs, and equivalents) 1937{{endash}}1941 Biographical Dictionary|ref=harv|via=}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubXQSk2qfXMC|title=The Great Terror: A Reassessment|last=Conquest|first=Robert|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-19-531699-5|edition=40th Anniversary|location=Oxford|pages=|ref=harv|orig-year=1968|via=}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dvXdi7jZy5YC|title=The Soviet High Command: A Military Political History, 1918–1941|last=Erickson|first=John|publisher=Frank Cass|year=2001|isbn=9780415408608|location=London|pages=|ref=harv|orig-year=1962|via=}}
* {{Cite book|title=Hammer and Rifle: The Militarization of the Soviet Union, 1926-1933|last=Stone|first=David R.|publisher=University Press of Kansas|year=2000|isbn=9780700610372|location=Lawrence, Kansas|pages=|ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7Kz111Lie-0C&source=gbs_navlinks_s|title=The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai{{endash}}Shek and the Struggle for Modern China|last=Taylor|first=Jay|publisher=Belknap Press of Harvard University Press|year=2009|isbn=9780674033382|location=Cambridge, Massachusette|pages=|ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|url=http://1937god.info/node/1196|title=Империя Сталина. Биографический энциклопедический словарь.|last=Zaleski|first=Konstantin|publisher=Veche|year=2000|isbn=9785783807169|location=Moscow|pages=|language=Russian|trans-title=Stalin's Empire: A Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary|ref=harv}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuibyshev, Nikolay}}
[[Category:1893 births]]
[[Category:1938 deaths]]
[[Category:Soviet komkors]]
[[Category:Russian military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:People of the Russian Civil War]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner]]
[[Category:People from Kokshetau]]
[[Category:Great Purge victims from Russia]]
[[Category:Soviet rehabilitations]]
[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]