Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

File:1990 German Communist Party flag.png

2017-01-27T23:48:23Z

TAnthony: /* Licensing */WP non-free use review using AWB

The name of each article in which fair use is claimed for the item, and a separate fair-use rationale for each use of the item, as explained at [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale guideline]]. The rationale is presented in clear, plain language, and is relevant to each use.|date=February 12 2008
== Summary ==
KPD
== Licensing ==
{{Non-free logo|image has rationale=yes|communist party symbols}}
==Detailed Fair Use Rationale==
This image is fair use for in the article [[Communist Party of Germany (1990)]]. Here is the reasoning for this.<br>
The contents of this image are not owned by me, they are not available under a free license, and they are not in the public domain. Therefore, I do not believe I can license this image under the GNU Free Documentation License or declare it to be in the public domain using the GFDL-self tag or the PD-self tag respectively. Since the contents of this image are not free, and neither Wikipedia nor I have obtained permission from its owner(s) as far as I know, its use is on Wikipedia is only allowed under fair use. One of the things for which fair use allows is the use of copyrighted images without the permission of its owner(s) for educational, nonprofit purposes, such as portraying the subject of a Wikipedia article with a copyrighted image. Such is the case for File:1990 German Communist Party flag.png.

[[Category:Hammer and sickle]]

Marat Aldangorovich Sarsembaev

2016-08-23T04:51:17Z

TAnthony: USA is deprecated, per MOS:NOTUSA, and correct overlinking of common places and languages using AWB

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[[File:Сарсембаев Марат Алдангорович.jpg|thumb]]
'''Marat Aldangar-uly (Aldangorovich) Sarsembaev''' (born December 15, 1947) is a Kazakh [[doctor of law]] and [[professor]]{{clarify|reason=of what?|date=January 2011}}.

Sarsembaev is a member of the [[Central Election Commission]] of the Republic of [[Kazakhstan]], appointed by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2007. Sarsembaev was born in the village of Ekpendy, Andreevsky district (now Alakolsky), Taldy-Kurgan (now [[Almaty]]) region in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (now [[Kazakhstan]]).

Sarsembaev finished Andreevsky Russian high school in 1965. Sarsembayev graduated from the faculty of English language of Almaty Institute of foreign languages (now the Kazakh university of international relations and world languages) in 1969 with honours. In 1973 he graduated from the faculty of law of the Kazakh state university (now the Kazakh national university) with honours. He gained his doctorate in 1994 with a thesis on the theme of International law issues in the "History of Kazakhstan and [[Central Asia]] (from the 15th century to the present)" at the Institute of State and Law at the Russian Academy of Sciences in [[Moscow]], [[Russian Federation]]. In 2012, he became a member of the UN [[Human Rights Committee]].<ref>[http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/members.htm Human Rights Committee - Members]</ref>

==Career ==
Sarsembaev takes part in sessions of the dissertational boards of candidates and doctors' theses at the faculties of Kazakhstani and foreign universities (Russia, Uzbekistan, France, etc.) as a member of dissertational councils, scientific adviser (supervisor) and as an expert on the commissions of dissertational councils on international law and law of Kazakhstan, world economics and international relations.

He is involved in the process of the formulation and editing of bills, drafts of codes and international treaties of the Republic of Khazakhstan as an expert on customs, tax, labour codes in the parliament, CEC, Constitutional Council, a range of ministries and departments of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and current laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan concerning foreign policy and internal problems of the country.

He was President of the Association of educational institutions of the republic from 1996 to 2001. He lectured in the MSIIR in 1977, university of Rennes (France) in 1980, Vilanova university (USA) in 1994, [[Indiana University]] (USA) in 1997, Kabul university (Afghanistan) in 1985–1987: in all at 10 domestic and 6 foreign universities.

He is the winner of a range international awards and the winner of some international competitions, including a [[Fulbright Award]] as a [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright Research Scholar]] (named after [[J. William Fulbright]]).<ref name=FulbA1>{{cite web|title=Indiana Law Annotated|url=http://www.law.indiana.edu/publications/ila/13_05.shtml|publisher=Indiana University Bloomington School of Law|accessdate=27 January 2011|page=Vol. 13 No. 5|date=22 September 1977|quote=Dr. Sarsembaev is a Fulbright Research Scholar from Kazak State University}}</ref> In this capacity he was in the USA during 10 months in 1997 "conducting research on the formation of private property law in the U.S. and other countries for a project on the problems of property law in domestic and international law" according to ''Indiana Law Annotated''.<ref name=FulbA1 />

He is the winner of the Soros-Kazakhstan Fund which is awarded for the high school textbook ''International law'' being recognized as the best among 120 textbooks sent to the republican competition of 1995. The competition was held with the assistance of the Ministry of еducation and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Member of Legal Policy Board at the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, a member of Executive committee of Russian Association of international law.

From 1973 to 2000 he was the dean of the faculty of law and head of international law at the Kazakhstan National University. He was the rector of Daneker University, director of, and professor at, the Law institute of the Gumilyev Eurasian National University. He worked as the head of Department for International Relations of the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Astana city. At present he is a member of CEC of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a political office employee.

As a member of the Kazakhstan delegation he polemicized with representatives of the OSCE in Warsaw repeatedly. Sarsembaev is a member of the editorial boards of ''Moscow Magazine of international law'', ''Kazakhstanian magazine of international law'', ''Vestnik (Bulletin) of the Gumilev Eurasian national university'', ''Vestnik (Bulletin) of Kunaev university''.

Sarsembaev speaks Kazakh, Russian and English fluently.

==Personal life==
Sarsembaev has two brothers, Talgat and Каirat, and two sisters, Zhamal and Kamal. He and his wife Umsynkul have 3 sons Kanat, Timur and Daniyar.

== Awards, honorary titles ==

* Honourable citizen of [[El Paso]] ([[Texas]], United States){{citation needed|date=January 2011}}
* Honourable citizen of [[Houston]] (Texas, USA){{citation needed|date=January 2011}}
* 10 years of independence of the Respublic of Kazakhstan medal{{citation needed|date=January 2011}}
* "[[Astana]]" medal{{citation needed|date=January 2011}}
* "10 years of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan" medal{{citation needed|date=January 2011}}
* "Ерен енбегі үшін" medal (or honourable labour){{citation needed|date=January 2011}}

== Written works ==
Sarsembaev has more than 440 works in the Kazakh, Russian, Dari, English, French, German, Hebrew, Кorean, Polish, Romanian, Turkish, Japanese languages on Kazakhstan and foreign and international law published in [[Kazakhstan]], [[Russian Federation]], [[Afghanistan]], Austria, Germany, [[Great Britain]], Israel, Japan, [[Poland]], [[Romania]], [[Turkey]], United States.

His most notable works are 14 monographs, textbooks and manuals:
* ''Promoting the world and friendship'' – Alma-Ata: Kazakhstan, 1984. – 68 p.
* ''Afghanistan and international law'' (in Dari) – Kabul: Kabul university, 1987. – 218 p.
* ''International law in the history of Kazakhstan and Central Asia'' – Alma-Ata: Ana tili, 1991. – 152 p.
* ''International law relations of the states of Central Asia'' – Almaty: Gylym, 1995. – 368 p.
* ''International law'' – Almaty: Zheti zhargy, 1996. – 448 p. (in Russian), in 1999 it was published in Ankara, Turkey, in the Turkish language.
* ''International private law'' (the editor-in-chief and the coauthor) – Almaty: Gylym, 1996. – 282 p., in 1999 it was published in Ankara in the Turkish language.
* ''Customs Law'' – Almaty: Gylym, 1997. – 228 p.
* ''Prospects of foreign trade activities: law and international experience'' – Almaty: Gylym, 1998. – 310 p.
* ''Diplomatic and consular law'' – Almaty: Daneker, 1999. – 298 p.
* ''Relations of Russia (USSR) and Kazakhstan with Afghanistan'' – Almaty: Daneker, 2002. – 212 p.
* ''International space law and the Republic of Kazakhstan'' – Almaty: L.Gumilev Eurasian national university, Daneker, 2003. – 182 p. and others.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sarsembaev, Marat}}
[[Category:Kazakhstani politicians]]
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:Legal scholars]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:United Nations Human Rights Committee members]]
[[Category:Kazakhstani academics]]

Autumn Visits

2016-08-13T00:52:10Z

TAnthony: /* top */The intent of a genre link in this context is to direct the reader to more information on the genre, not a list of other works. using AWB

{{Unreferenced|date=June 2011}}
{{Infobox book| 
| name = Autumn Visits
| title_orig = Осенние Визиты (or Osennie Vizity)
| translator =
| image =
| author = [[Sergey Lukyanenko]]
| cover_artist =
| country = [[Kazakhstan]]
| language = [[Russian language|Russian]]
| series =
| genre = [[Science fiction]] novel
| publisher = [[E-Book]]
| release_date = 1995-1996 serial (1997 as book)
| media_type = Print ([[Paperback]])
| pages =
| isbn = 5-15-000833-8
| oclc= 39625727
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
}}

'''''Autumn Visits''''' is a [[science fiction]] novel by [[Sergey Lukyanenko]], published in [[1997 in literature|1997]] in book form. It is a novel written in a very unusual style for the author - shifting perspective of narrative.

==Plot introduction==
In a poor, downtrodden Russia, a vector of future development of the world is being decided. Six Forces send their champions - Envoys, copies of real people, typical of their kind; they are ''almost'' the same as their prototypes. An Envoy can do only that what prototype can, but unlike them, envoys believe in their own forces, and thus can change the world. The Envoys have a main directive - to survive. The last surviving Envoy is deemed to be the most fit for the world, and guides it in the future.

==Plot summary==

Six forces: Love, Growth, Knowledge, Power, Strength, and Art.

===Kindness===
This world (actually, the whole action takes place in Russia and the Ukraine) lacks love; but the love this Envoy would bring the Kindness of fervent religion - leading to witch hunts and crusades. The Original for this Envoy is a female doctor, who has seen the consequences of love, kindness and compassion neglected in her patients dying without access to medicines and treatments. She believes her Envoy to be God, or a divine messenger, but appears rather blind to her other aspects.

===Knowledge===
The force of Knowledge would create a better, more reasonable world, but is hampered by physical fraility, and always ends up subjugated by power. The Envoy of knowledge would change that, but his Original is an old scientist suffering from terminal cancer, who is intelligent and wise, but physically impotent. Knowledge remembers his past incarnations with clarity, unlike the other Envoys and can extrapolate the actions of the others much better.

===Art===
The force of Art is rarely able to take action, hampered by its own imagination of the consequences. When it does, however, the actions are impassioned, and the result is rarely savoury, like the actions of a certain painter [[Adolf Hitler|Schicklgruber]]. Art is represented by a 'hack' writer, cranking out several fantasy and sci-fi novels a year for money. The novel implies that some of Lukyanenko's other books are actually written by the Original of this Envoy. Specifically, he makes numerous references to having written [[The Boy and the Darkness]].

===Strength===
Strength is the force that guarantees peace and security. A country with a strong army, without crime; a place to which warriors can prouodly come home. Strength's Envoy is a copy of an Army Colonel who fought in [[Soviet war in Afghanistan|Afghanistan]]. He is Ukrainian, and is in the Ukrainian army, but seems to regard the countries as close kin, almost as one. This Envoy and his Original don't see eye-to-eye on their vision of the future, because the Original has lost faith in his cause, while the copy retains his belief.

===Power===
Power represents a strong state, claiming people's loyalty, guiding their lives, and focusing their strength on a single purpose, but also punishing individual action, turning people into a herd being driven by a stren and beloved shepherd. This force is represented by an ambitious and corrupt politician, seeking to ascend to presidency. The Envoy murders and supplants his Original as soon as he arrives, because "power can't be shared". The novel implies that the current state of the world is in part the result of Power winning the last contest; [[Joseph Stalin]] and [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] are both implied to have been an Envoys of Power.

===Growth===
The forth of Growth represents progress and development, potential limited only by motivation. Unfortunately, Growth lacks direction, and has potential for both good and evil. Growth is, appropriately, represented by a teenager - a somewhat dour and cynical boy, who is implied to have lost his faith in the world. This Envoy and his Original begin to grow apart as the novel progresses, diverging, and even spending a lot of time away from each other, unlike most other Envoy/Original pairs. Unlike the other Envoys, Growth does not remember his past incarnations, as experience would defeat the purpose of growing.

===Darkness===
Although not mentioned as part of the six Forces, Darkness intervenes in the contest. Darkness is presented as ultimate freedom, even from the consequences of one's own actions. Darkness doesn't have an Envoy, but it still has a champion - a determined and driven professional hitman, whom Darkness empowers and directs to kill all the Envoys and their Originals.

===Light===
Although not part of this contest, the force of Light has intervened in past contests, and has won at least one. [[Jesus Christ]] is implied to have been a champion of Light. His death was a short-term loss but a long-term victory.

==Awards and nominations==
In 1998 the 1st Moscow SF&F Forum awarded this novel the "Sigma-F" distinction.

{{Sergey Lukyanenko}}

[[Category:1997 novels]]
[[Category:Kazakhstani novels]]
[[Category:Novels by Sergey Lukyanenko]]
[[Category:1990s science fiction novels]]
[[Category:Novels set in Russia]]