Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Arkady Ostashev

2017-04-23T05:33:23Z

Mixrunya: /* References */

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2014}}
{{multiple issues|
{{No footnotes|date=February 2014}}
{{like resume|date=February 2014}}
}}
{{Infobox person
| birthname = Arkady Ilyich Ostashev
| image = Arkady_Ostashev.jpeg
| image_size = 250px
| caption =
| residence = {{flag|Soviet Union|size=23px}}{{RUS}}
| birth_date = September 30, 1925
| birth_place = [[Elektrougli|village Maly Vasilyev]], [[Noginsky District]], [[Moscow Oblast]], [[USSR]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1998|07|12|1925|10|30|df=y}}
| death_place = Moscow, [[Russian Federation]]
| nationality = Russian
| known_for = Leading test pilot missile complexes [[S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia|OKB-1]]
| occupation = Soviet and Russian [[rocket]] scientist and engineer
}}

'''Arkady Ilyich Ostashev''' ({{lang-ru|link=no|Аркадий Ильич Осташев}}); September 30, 1925, [[Elektrougli|village Maly Vasilyev]], [[Noginsky District]], [[Moscow Oblast]], [[USSR]] – July 12, 1998, [[Moscow]], [[Russian Federation]] was an [[engineer]], Soviet, Russian [[scientist]], participant in the launch of the first artificial [[Earth]] [[Sputnik 1|satellite]] and the [[Yuri Gagarin|first cosmonaut]], [[Kandidat|Candidate of Technical Sciences]], [[Docent]], [[laureate]] of the [[Lenin Prize|Lenin]] and [[USSR State Prize|state]] [[prize]]s of the, senior test pilot of [[missile]]s and [[Launch vehicle|space-rocket]] complexes of [[S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia|OKB-1]], the [[Apprenticeship|disciple]] and companion of [[Sergei Pavlovich Korolev]].

== Biography. ==

Born on September 30, 1925 in the village of Maly Vasilyev. Mother – [http://www.nasledie-rus.ru/podshivka/pics/9712-pictures.php?picture=971209 Ostasheva (nee Гирусова) Serafima Vasilievna], 1888 birth. Father – [http://www.nasledie-rus.ru/podshivka/pics/9712-pictures.php?picture=971208 Ostashev Ilya Vasilevich], 1881 birth.
In the school years Arkady together with his elder brother [[Yevgeny Ostashev|Yevgeny]] under the leadership of the magazine "Knowledge is power" built a [[Telescope]] with a 10-fold increase with the necessary bed and a mechanism of rotation in two planes, lenses for the eyepiece and the objective sent to the editorial Board of the journal free of charge. It observed the [[Moon]] [http://sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/ostashev-ma/vzglyad-na-lunu.html], raved about the flights to the planets of the [[Solar System]].
A. I. Ostashev in 1942 [[Graduation|graduated]] from 9 classes of [[secondary school]] № 32, [[Elektrougli]], [[Noginsky District]], [[Moscow Oblast|Moscow region]]. After finishing school 2.5 months he studied at the preparatory courses at [[Moscow Aviation Institute|MAI them. S. Ordzhonikidze]] and got a degree program of grade 10, the results of which had been enrolled in the MAI them. S. Ordzhonikidze. In the fourth year of the Institute A.I. Ostashevu managed to learn German documents on rocketry, obtained by a group of specialists sent by the country's leadership in Germany after the war. After a careful study made by the German specialists in missile development of A.I. Ostashev finally decided on the theme of [[Diplom|diploma project]] : «the Composite [[Rocket]] with a winged last stage", with спецчастью – stability of motion of the cruise stage. Diploma with this theme wrote under the direction of S. P. Korolev in [[Korolyov, Moscow Oblast|Kaliningrad]] (city). After graduation in 1948 was working in the [[S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia|OKB-1]] [[TsNIIMash]] under the guidance of S. P. Korolev. On this enterprise A.I. Ostashev worked for more than 50 years [http://users.livejournal.com/___lin___/250471.html] in positions from an engineer to the head of the complex. In 1952 he graduated from the VIC (higher engineering courses) in [[Bauman Moscow State Technical University|BMSTU]],in the same year he graduated from the [[University]] of [[Marxism–Leninism]] in [[Mytishchi]] city Committee of the CPSU. In 1956 Arkady Ilyich joined the ranks of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|CPSU]]. In 1975, A.I. Ostashev was the head of testing of the rocket-space systems according to the Russian-American program [[Apollo–Soyuz Test Project|"ASTP"]] [http://sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/ostashev-ma/epas.html]. All the [[scientific]] and engineering activities A. I. Ostasheva since 1948 connected with development and introduction of the system of tests of missiles and rocket-space complexes. At the preliminary design of a famous [[R-7 Semyorka|"SEVEN" R-7]], under the guidance of A. I. Ostasheva was created [http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/forum/forum9/topic10797/?PAGEN_1=10 volume № 14] fully dedicated to the testing of missiles. Arkady Ilyich [[author]] and co-author of over 200 scientific papers, articles and [[inventions]]. In addition to engineering and scientific work he was leading and teaching.
Being since 1964, [[Associate Professor]] ([[Academic department|Department]] "Integrated system for measurement of aircraft") [[Moscow Aviation Institute|MAI them. S. Ordzhonikidze]], lectured at the Department № 308.
A. I. Ostashev died on July 12, 1998 in [[Moscow]]. Personal [http://sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/ostashev-ma/zaveshanie.html bequest] Arcadia Ilyich Ostasheva he was [[Cremation|cremated]] for burial in the grave of the elder brother [[Yevgeny Ostashev|Ostasheva Yevgeny Ilyich]]. In December 1998, after obtaining the relevant approvals and permits from the [[leadership]] of [[Kazakhstan]] dust A. I. Ostasheva was moved by his wife and son in [[Baikonur]] (city) and buried in the grave of his older brother [[Yevgeny Ostashev|Ostasheva Yevgeny Ilyich]], who died on [[Nedelin catastrophe|October 24, 1960]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 41|41 site]] [http://www.leninsk.ru/gallery/displayimage.php?album=379&pos=30] the [[Baikonur cosmodrome]] in preparation for the launch of Intercontinental [[ballistic missile]] [[R-16 (missile)|R-16]].

== Awards ==
[[File:Благодарность Президента.JPG|thumb|Gratitude of the President]]
For the achieved results in professional activities A. I. Ostashev awarded:
* [[File:RibbonLabourDuringWar.png|60px]] Medal [[Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"|for valiant labor in the great Patriotic war of 1941–1945 – 1945]]
* [[File:Orderredbannerlabor rib.png|60px]] [[Order of the Red Banner of Labour]] for achievements in the development of rocket technology in connection with the 10th anniversary of OKB-1 – 1956
* [[File:Order of Lenin ribbon bar.png|60px]] [[Order of Lenin]] for the [[Sputnik 1|first satellite]] of the [[Earth]] – 1957
* [[File:Lenin Prize Medal.JPG|30px]] The [[Lenin prize]] for the discovery and study of the outer radiation belt of the Earth and study the magnetic field of the Earth and the moon – 1960
* [[File:Order of Lenin ribbon bar.png|60px]] [[Order of Lenin]] for the [[Yuri Gagarin|first cosmonaut]] of the Earth – 1961
* [[File:Orderredbannerlabor rib.png|60px]] [[Order of the Red Banner of Labour]] for the preparation and implementation of the first joint flight of the [[Apollo–Soyuz Test Project|SOYUZ-APOLLO]] – 1976
* [[File:State Prize Soviet Union.JPG|30px]] The [[USSR State Prize|state prize]] for work in the field of space research (creation and implementation of test procedures of cargo spacecraft [[Progress (spacecraft)|Progress]]) – 1979
* [[File:VeteranLaborRibbon.png|VeteranLaborRibbon|59px]] Medal [[Medal "Veteran of Labour"|"Veteran of labour"]].
* [[File:100 lenin rib.png|60px]] [[Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary since the Birth of Vladimir Il'ich Lenin"]]Jubilee medal "For valorous work (For military valor).
* Other medals.
In 1959, A. I. Осташеву was awarded the degree of [[Candidate of Sciences|candidate of technical Sciences]]. In 1996, for great personal contribution to the development of Russian cosmonautics A. I. Осташеву [http://www.lawmix.ru/pprf/109532 gratitude] of the [[President of Russia|President of the Russian Federation]]. Name A. I. Осташева name a [http://sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/ostashev-ma/sertifikat1.html star] (Arkadia) in the constellation [[Libra (constellation)|Libra]].

== Memory ==
[[File:В музее площадки № 2 космодрома Байконур.jpg|300px|thumb|In the Museum at the site № 2 of the Baikonur cosmodrome]]
:In the Museum at the site № 2 of the Baikonur cosmodrome organized an exposition dedicated to A. I. Ostashevu. In [[Elektrougli]], [[Noginsky District]], [[Moscow Oblast|Moscow region]] at the local history Museum has a booth dedicated to the brothers Осташевым. At house [http://www.sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/ostashev-ma/ostashev-derevnja-vasiljevo.html number 17 ] in the village of Small Vasilyev, where they lived in childhood brothers Осташевы, a memorial plaque. In Moscow [[Memorial Museum of Astronautics|memorial Museum of cosmonautics]] stored documents from the personal archives of A. I. Ostasheva.In the Museum of the enterprise, where A. I. Ostashev worked for more than 50 years, there is material, dedicated to him.In 1993 in the [[Russian state archive for scientific-technical documentation]] placed documents from the personal archives of A. I. Ostasheva.

== Publications ==
A. I. Ostashev has publications in books, ("Academician S. P. Korolyov scientist, engineer, man", "the Beginning of the space era", "an Unforgettable Baikonur", [http://epizodsspace.airbase.ru/bibl/soyuz-i-apollon/05.html "Soyuz-Apollo"] and others), magazines ([http://www.r-kosmos.ru/issue/118/ The magazine "Russian space No. 10 2015], Our heritage 97/2011, [[Nauka i Zhizn|Science and life]] № 1, 1997, and others) and the papers on the following topics: test RKT, the history of the development of [[Astronautics|cosmonautics]] history of development [[S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia|SKB-3, OKB-1, TsKBEM, NPO "Energy" and RSC "Energia"]]. In the early 90's Arkady Ilyich was a frequent guest at the Memorial house-Museum of academician Korolev. He came to "tell" your [[Memoir|memories]] on a tape recorder. From the memoirs of the Director of the Memorial house-Museum of academician Korolev L. A. Филиной:
<blockquote>
"...Arkady Ilyich leads the whole Deposit of episodes from the life of S. P. Korolev, [[Moscow]] and [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]], but in the stories he never emphasizes its role, sometimes leading, as if he was there and only. This ability to look from the side, being in the center of events, the wilful detachment allows to him, like the custodian of the great MYSTERIES of TIME, keep it to once share the secret, tell you first hand..." (A.I. Ostashev, ''Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov - The Genius of the 20th Century'' — 2010 M. of Public Educational Institution of Higher Professional Training MGUL ISBN 978-5-8135-0510-2, p. 6)
</blockquote>
In 1997, the American writer J.. Harford published the book [http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=16350571791&searchurl=isbn%3D0471148539 «Korolev»], ([[John Wiley & Sons]], Inc., [[New York City|New York]], 1997.) materials for which the author collected a few years. J.. Harford met with A.I. Осташевым and interviews were used in the book, but with a minimum of mistakes. Having received from the author instance and translating it into Russian, A.I. Ostashev wrote a [http://vystavki.rgantd.ru/ostashev/razdel2/foto_02_02.jpg letter of protest to the j. Харфорду]. After the death of A. I. Ostasheva in 2001 and 2005 there were published two editions of his book [http://www.vbega.ru/book/e3e478ed.html «the Test of rocket and space technology business of my life. Events and facts»]. In 2010 published the book "Sergei Pavlovich Korolev is the Genius of the twentieth century" lifetime personal memoirs about academician S. P. Korolev (M. GOU VPO MSFU ISBN 978-5-8135-0510-2), materials for which A. I. Ostashev collected from the moment of the enterprise, headed by S. P. Korolev, and until 1998. A veteran of [[Astronautics|cosmonautics]], resident of the city of [[Korolyov, Moscow Oblast|Korolev]], [[Moscow region]], and colleague of Arcadia Ilyich Gennady Nikolaevich Artamonov wrote poems [http://www.astro.websib.ru/news/2008/10/5845] about Arcadia Ilyich Ostashevu: [[File:Могила братьев Осташевых.jpg|thumb|The grave brothers Ostashevich]]
:Rocket fire tried to get away,
:But could not, and she froze...
:In granite black
:Memory we still have to go
:In the Park of silence, the silence of the plates.
:October the Baikonur not forgotten.
:And now here without unnecessary big words
:"Come" and lay down Arkady Осташев.
:He came to his brother, to relax,
:Maybe with him to pass the eternal path.
:Burning steppes, and melt concrete...
:October he will not forget the polygon.

== References==
<references/>

== Further reading ==
About A. I. Ostasheve written in books:
* "S. P. Korolev Father" N. S. Koroleva, Moscow, [[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]], 2007. ISBN 5-02-034428-1
* [http://epizodsspace.airbase.ru/bibl/chertok/kniga-1/01.html "Rockets and people"] – [[Boris Chertok|B. E. Chertok]], M: "mechanical engineering", 1999. ISBN 5-217-02942-0 {{ref-ru}}
* "Notes rocketeer" – [[Vasily Mishin]], OOO Publishing and Polygraphic company "Lavatera", 2013. ISBN 978-5-904341-26-8
* [http://www.books.sh/blib_108577.html "The hidden space"] – [[Nikolai Kamanin]], М: "Инфортекс-ИФ, 1995.
* "A breakthrough in space" – Konstantin Vasilyevich Gerchik, M: LLC "Veles", 1994. ISBN 5-87955-001-X
* [http://testpilot.ru/review/golovanov/korolev/index.htm "Korolev: Facts and myths"] – J. K. Golovanov, M: Nauka, 1994. ISBN 5-02-000822-2
* "Top secret General" – E.T. Beloglazova, M: "the Heroes of the Fatherland", 2005. ISBN 5-98698-012-3
* "The cosmic heights – from the depth of centuries" Kaliningrad – Korolev – R. D. Позамантир, L. K. Bondarenko, M: "Moscow journal", 1998.
* "At risk," – A. A. Toul, [[Kaluga]], "the Golden path", 2001. {{Listed Invalid ISBN|5-7111-0333-1}}
* "People duty and honor" – A. A. Shmelev, "libris", 1996. {{Listed Invalid ISBN|5-86568-133-3}}
* Harford, James. ''Korolev – How One Man Masterminded the Soviet Drive to Beat America to the Moon''. [[John Wiley & Sons]], Inc., [[New York City]], 1997. ISBN 0-471-14853-9
* "Behind the wall of secret " - A. A. Koreshkov, [[Vladimir, Russia|Vladimir]], "CAI "Cathedral", 2010 - ISBN 5-904418-74-4.
* "People duty and honor" – A. A. Shmelev, the second book. M: Editorial Board "Moscow journal", 1998.
* "My first life" - Е. A. Anufrienko, United States, publisher [[Xlibris]] [http://kik-sssr.ru/CNII-50-1.htm].
* "Telemetry OKB-1" - A.S. Loskutov
* "Telemetry. The eyes and ears of the chief designer" - В.И. Сковорода-Luzin.- M: "Overlay", 2009. ISBN 978-5-85493-134-2
* "Space with a cheerful face" Y. Markov, CPI Mask 2011. ISBN 978-5-91146-550-6
* "Unknown Baikonur" - edited by B. I. Posysaeva, M.: "globe", 2001. ISBN 5-8155-0051-8
* "Rocket and space feat Baikonur" - Vladimir Порошков, the "Patriot" publishers 2007. ISBN 5-7030-0969-3
* "Bank of the Universe" - edited by Boltenko A. C., [[Kiev]], 2014., publishing house "Phoenix", ISBN 978-966-136-169-9
* "S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" - edited by C. A. Lopota, [[S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia|RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev]], 2014 ISBN 978-5-906674-04-3
* "To stand on the way to space" - Author: [[Valentin Lebedev]], M: publisher ITRK in 2016, ISBN 978-5-88010-400-0
* "Red Moon Rising: Sputnik and the Hidden Rivalries that Ignited the Space Age" by Matthew Brzezinski, [[Henry Holt and Company]], 2008. ISBN 080508858X

==External links==
* {{cite news|last=Ostashev|first=Arkady|title=Дело моей жизни|url=http://www.nasledie-rus.ru/podshivka/9712.php|newspaper=Nashe Naslediye N97|year=2011}} {{ref-ru}}
* [http://vystavki.rgantd.ru/ostashev/index.htm Осташев Arkady Ilyich. Online exhibition from the series «Archive and personality: cooperation for history»] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/test/ostashev-a.htm Ostashev A.I. on page «Cosmic memorial»] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.gazetakoroleva.ru/?number=2010111&&st=248 Trooper of the Royal school] // "Kaliningradskaya Pravda" {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.mosoblpress.ru/regions/18/mass_media/3/93/item26457/ Brothers Ostashev from Elektrougli] // "news Agency suburbs" {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.cosmoworld.ru/spaceencyclopedia/thisday/index.shtml?09-30.html Calendar encyclopedia of cosmonautics] // A. Zheleznyakov.{{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.rusarchives.ru/12april/pages/02_53.php Memories lead investigator OKB-1 A. I. Ostashev "Unforgettable days" on the days before the start of Y. A. Gagarin] // "the Federal archival Agency" {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.gazetakoroleva.ru/index.php?arhivyear=2011&month=7&number=2010070&st=142 Another meeting with Korolev] // "Kaliningradskaya Pravda" {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.rusarchives.ru/12april/pages/02_53.php Memories lead investigator OKB-1 A. I. Ostashev "Unforgettable days" on the days before the start of Y. A. Gagarin] // "the Federal archival Agency" {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.lawmix.ru/pprf/109532 The order of the President of the Russian Federation of 09.04.1996,] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.korolev-s-p.ru/tpk/tp311.htm Memories of S. P. Korolev. Section 4. S. P. Korolev - organizer] {{ref-ru}}
* {{YouTube|dqT90VmYgEU|Day when not start missiles. Part one}}
* {{YouTube|pvHfdDrenaA|Day when not start missiles. Part two}}
* {{YouTube|qqBa_uxs6v8|Open Space. 1 series}}
* [http://tripulacion.narod.ru/ Memoirs of a veteran of the rocket and space Corporation Energia, a companion of S. P. Korolev, test engineer space-rocket complexes, laureate of Lenin and State prizes of the USSR Arcadia Ilyich Ostashev]{{ref-ru}}
* [http://nature.web.ru:8001/db/msg.html?mid=1171376 The Russian educational portal of the NGO "World of Science and Culture"]. {{ISSN|1684-9876}} Cosmic calendar. September 30{{ref-ru}}
* [http://astronaut.ru/bookcase/books/chert2/text/43.htm?reload_coolmenus Photo of pokoritelya space]
* [http://www.korolev-s-p.ru/tpk/tp217.htm Memories of S. P. Korolev.Section 3. Designer ] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://users.livejournal.com/___lin___/250471.html The history of RSC Energia since 1946 till 2011. Three volumes of electronically.]{{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.famhist.ru/famhist/chertok/003802ba.htm#002a97e4.htm Arkady Ostashev ]//Family history {{ref-ru}}
* [http://pomnipro.ru/memorypage67799/biography Ostashev A. I. electronic memorial] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.r-kosmos.ru/issue/118/ Popular science magazine "Russian Space", № 10, 2015, p. 46 - a Tribe of titans] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.mk.ru/incident/2015/10/29/katastrofa-na-baykonure-pochemu-pogibli-124-cheloveka-vo-glave-s-marshalom.html The newspaper Moskovsky Komsomolets ] // The disaster at Baikonur {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.soyuzveteranov.ru/?q=tags/biblioteka All-Russian public organization of veterans - the RUSSIAN COUNCIL of VETERANS] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://soyuzveteranov.ru/?q=content/delegaciya-rossiyskogo-soyuza-veteranov-pochtila-pamyat-ispytateley-pogibshih-pri-ispolnenii The Russian Union Of Veterans] // Day of memory and grief.{{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.elugli.info/gazeta/articles.php?ELEMENT_ID=9410 Space feat Eugene Ostasheva]//Newspaper "ELEKTROUGLI DAY by DAY" 12/04/2011.{{ref-ru}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ostashev, Arkady}}
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:Moscow Aviation Institute alumni]]
[[Category:Teachers of the Moscow aviation Institute]]
[[Category:Soviet scientists]]
[[Category:Soviet engineers]]
[[Category:Soviet space program personnel]]
[[Category:20th-century engineers]]
[[Category:Russian mechanical engineers]]
[[Category:Russian aerospace engineers]]
[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]
[[Category:Soviet communists]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour]]
[[Category:Lenin Prize winners]]
[[Category:Recipients of the USSR State Prize]]
[[Category:Baikonur Cosmodrome]]
[[Category:Employees of RSC Energia]]

Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 41

2017-02-17T07:07:02Z

Mixrunya: /* Operation of the site */

{{Infobox launch pad
| name = Site 41
| image =
| caption =
| site = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome]]
| location =
| operator = [[Strategic Missile Troops|RVSN]]
| tlaunches = 134
| pads = 3
| paddetails =
{{Infobox launch pad/pad
| designation = Site 41/3
| status = Demolished
| launches = 31
| unknown =
| first = October 24, 1960
| last = December 12, 1967
| rockets = [[R-16 (missile)|R-16]]
}}
{{Infobox launch pad/pad
| designation = Site 41/4
| status = Demolished
| launches = 81
| unknown =
| first = February 2, 1961
| last = December 27, 1967
| rockets = [[R-16 (missile)|R-16]]
}}
{{Infobox launch pad/pad
| designation = Site 41/15
| status = Demolished
| launches = 22
| unknown =
| first = May 25, 1963 |first_details=[[R-16 (missile)|R-16U]]
| last = August 27, 1968 |last_details=[[Kosmos 3]] / [[Kosmos 236]]
| rockets = [[R-16 (missile)|R-16]]<br>[[Kosmos 3]]
}}
}}

'''Site 41''' was a complex of three launch pads at the [[Baikonur Cosmodrome]] originally built for flight testing of Intercontinental [[ballistic missile]] (ICBMs) using storable propellant. The need to develop such missiles was determined by low-tactical-technical and operational characteristics of the first Soviet ICBM [[R-7 Semyorka|R-7]] created by the [[S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia|OKB-1]] under the guidance of [[Sergei Pavlovich Korolev]]. May 13, 1959 by a special decree of the Central Committee of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|CPSU]] and the CM of the design Bureau [[Yuzhnoye Design Bureau|«Yuzhnoye»]] (Chief designer-[[Mikhail Yangel|Mikhail K. Yangel]]) assigned to develop an Intercontinental [[ballistic missile]] on storable components of propellant, which has received designation [[R-16 (missile)|R-16]] and index - 8К64 . Together with 41 platform built platform № 42 - technical and № 43 - for residing of serving military personnel and representatives of the industry.

== Construction of the site ==
In the second half of 1959, [[construction]] work began on the construction of the forties sites [http://www.leninsk.ru/gallery/albums/userpics/10003/Stroiteli.pdf]. Construction of pad for IBR [[R-16 (missile)|R-16]], consisting of the two launches, was entrusted E. I. Nikolaev. Thousands of employees of military engineers and civil subcontracting organizations, UPR Durova D. day and night worked with wholeheartedly. On the home page and technical exchanges were first ready-made premises and facilities. They began to mount the equipment. In April 1960 began construction of roads. In the month of may there were opportunities to resettle some of the soldiers in the capital, stone barracks, were ready hostel for officers-builders and customers. The supervision of construction and landfill everything was done to make life easier for a large mass of people. In August the construction work on the sites 41, 42, 43 were completed. And by '''17 October 1960''' and equipment erection works on objects of sites № 41, 42 and 43 were finished.

== Operation of the site ==
{{main|Nedelin catastrophe}}

26 September 1960 at the [[Baikonur]] cosmodrome came the first flight of the rocket product 8К64 № LSD1-ST. In September 1960, was approved by the state Commission for the flight tests of ICBMs [[R-16 (missile)|R-16]]. The [[Chairman]] of the Commission was appointed Deputy Minister of defence Commander-in-chief of the strategic missile forces [[Chief Marshal]] of artillery and rocket forces [[Mitrofan Nedelin|M. I. Nedelin]], the technical leader tests - Chief designer of [[Yuzhnoye Design Bureau|OKB-586]] -[[Mikhail Yangel|Mikhail K. Yangel]]. Until October 20, were carried out complex tests of all systems of the rocket in the Assembly-test complex, and on the morning of '''21 October 1960''' rocket was rolled out from Assembly and testing facility and delivered to the 41-St platform. 21 and 22 October been held under the prelaunch preparation of the docking head, lifting and installation of the rocket on the launch pad, communication connection and testing of all systems. 23 October missile was filled with the propellant components and compressed gases. By decision of state Commission rocket launch was appointed by 19:00 on October 23. But the identified faults forced Госкомиммию postpone the start of a rocket on October 24. First half of the day on October 24, would eliminate the defects. Around 18:45, was declared a 30-minute readiness for launch and started exhibiting in zero software токораспределителя. Occurred unauthorized starting of the engine of the second stage. Fiery stream destroyed the tanks of the oxidant and fuel in the first stage. An avalanche burning lasted about 20 seconds, after which the remains of the units and buildings were burnt down in two hours. Due to the [http://video.yandex.ru/#!/search?text=%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0&where=all&filmId=z5A5bVO08gE accident] site № 41 [http://www.leninsk.ru/gallery/displayimage.php?album=379&pos=30] was completely destroyed, killed 78 people and 42 people injured [[Nedelin catastrophe|[3]]]. In October 1998, the [[Officer|officers]] of the 1st center Baikonur cosmodrome on the 41st floor was installed monument to the testers [http://www.leninsk.ru/gallery/displayimage.php?album=379&pos=30].

== Literature ==
* [http://epizodsspace.airbase.ru/bibl/chertok/kniga-1/01.html "Rockets and people"] – [[Boris Chertok|B. E. Chertok]], M: "mechanical engineering", 1999. ISBN 5-217-02942-0 {{ref-ru}};
* "At risk", - A. A. Toul, [[Kaluga]], "the Golden path", 2001. {{Listed Invalid ISBN|5-7111-0333-1}}
* "A breakthrough in space" - Konstantin Vasilyevich Gerchik, M: LLC "Veles", 1994. ISBN 5-87955-001-X
* Harford, James. ''Korolev – How One Man Masterminded the Soviet Drive to Beat America to the Moon''. [[John Wiley & Sons]], Inc., New York, 1997. pp 119–120. ISBN 0-471-14853-9
* "Testing of rocket and space technology - the business of my life" Events and facts - [[Arkady Ostashev|A.I. Ostashev]], [[Korolyov, Moscow Oblast|Korolyov]], 2001.[http://cosmosravelin.narod.ru/r-space/bibliografia.html];
* "Baikonur. Korolev. Yangel." - M. I. Kuznetsk, [[Voronezh]]: IPF "Voronezh", 1997, ISBN 5-89981-117-X
* "Look back and look ahead. Notes of a military engineer" - Rjazhsky A. A., 2004, SC. first, the publishing house of the "Heroes of the Fatherland" ISBN 5-91017-018-X.
* "Unknown Baikonur" - edited by B. I. Posysaeva, M.: "globe", 2001. ISBN 5-8155-0051-8
* "Rocket and space feat Baikonur" - Vladimir Порошков, the "Patriot" publishers 2007. ISBN 5-7030-0969-3
* "Bank of the Universe" - edited by Boltenko A. C., [[Kiev]], 2014., publishing house "Phoenix", ISBN 978-966-136-169-9

==External links==
* [http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/p16/p16.shtml Strategic rocket complex of the R-16 missile 8К64(Р-16У/8К64У)] IP "Rockets"
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqT90VmYgEU Day when not start missiles. Part one]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvHfdDrenaA Day when not start missiles. Part two]
* [http://www.russianspaceweb.com/r16_disaster.html Nedelin Disaster] // RussianSpaceWeb.com {{ref-en}}
* [http://www.mk.ru/incident/2015/10/29/katastrofa-na-baykonure-pochemu-pogibli-124-cheloveka-vo-glave-s-marshalom.html The newspaper Moskovsky Komsomolets ] // The disaster at Baikonur {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.baikonuradm.ru/index.php?mod=all/news&ID=4004 The official website of the city administration Baikonur] // Baikonur commemorated a test rocket and space technology.{{ref-ru}}
{{coord|45.97542|N|63.65982|E|region:KZ-BAY_type:landmark|display=title}}
{{Baikonur Cosmodrome launch sites}}

[[Category:Baikonur Cosmodrome]]