Pyotr Klimuk

2017-02-27T20:30:32Z

John: /* top */clean up, deflag, overlink, replaced: Polish → Polish using AWB

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}}
{{Infobox astronaut
| name =Pyotr Ilyich Klimuk
| type =Cosmonaut
| image = Пётр Клімук.jpg
|image_size =
| nationality =[[Soviet Union|Soviet]]
| birth_date ={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1942|7|10}}
| birth_place = [[Brest Raion|Kamaroŭka]], [[USSR]]
| occupation =[[aviator|Pilot]]
| rank =[[Colonel General]]
| selection =[[List of astronauts by selection#1965|1965 Cosmonaut Group]]
| time =78d 18h 17m
| mission =[[Soyuz 13]], [[Soyuz 18]], [[Soyuz 30]]
| insignia =
|awards =
* [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] (2)
* [[Order of Lenin]] (3)
* {{nobr|[[Order of Merit for the Fatherland]]}} 3rd class
* [[Order of Merit for the Fatherland]] 4th class
|}}'''Pyotr Ilyich Klimuk''' ({{lang-be|Пётр Ільіч Кліму́к}}; {{lang-ru|Пётр Ильич Климу́к}}; born 10 July 1942) is a former [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[astronaut|cosmonaut]] and the first [[Belarusians|Belarusian]] to perform space travel. Klimuk made three [[crewed space mission|flights into space]].

Klimuk attended the Leninski Komsomol Chernigov High Aviation School and entered the [[Soviet Air Force]] in 1964. The following year, he was selected to join the space programme.

His first flight was a long test flight on [[Soyuz 13]] in 1973. This was followed by a mission to the [[Salyut 4]] [[space station]] on [[Soyuz 18]] in 1975.

From 1976 he became involved in the [[Intercosmos]] and made his third and final spaceflight on an Intercosmos flight with Polish cosmonaut [[Miroslaw Hermaszewski|Mirosław Hermaszewski]] on [[Soyuz 30]].<ref>[http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/people/astronauts/klimuk.html&nl=7l Pyotr Klimuk]. Windows to the Universe. Windows.ucar.edu. Retrieved on 4 August 2012.</ref><ref>[http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/klimuk_pyotr.htm Biographies of USSR / Russian Cosmonauts: Klimuk]. Spacefacts.de. Retrieved on 4 August 2012.</ref>

He resigned from the cosmonaut team in 1978 to take up a position as the Assistant to the Chief of the [[Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center]]. In 1991 he was promoted to Chief of that facility and remained in that post until retirement in 2003.

Klimuk is a graduate of the [[Gagarin Air Force Academy]] and the [[Lenin Military-Political Academy]].

He is the author of two books on human spaceflight: ''Beside the Stars'', and ''Attack on Weightlessness''.

==Honours and awards==
* [[Hero of the Soviet Union]], twice (1973, 1975)
* [[Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR]]
* [[Order of Merit for the Fatherland]];
**3rd class (2 March 2000) – a great service to the state in the development of manned space flight
**4th class (1996)
* Three [[Orders of Lenin]] (1973, 1975, 1978)
* [[Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR]], 3rd class (1984)
* [[Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"]] (12 April 2011) – for the great achievements in the field of research, development and use of outer space, many years of diligent work, public activities
* [[Order "For Service to Motherland"]], 2nd class (Belarus, 15 July 2002) – for services to develop and strengthen scientific, technological and military cooperation knjkljl
Belarus and the Russian Federation
* [[Order of Friendship of Peoples (Belarus)]] (16 July 2007) – for his significant contribution to strengthening the friendly relations and cooperation between Belarus and the Russian Federation
* [[Cross of Grunwald]], 1st class (NDP, 1978)
* [[Order of Parasat]] (Kazakhstan, 1995)
* Officer of the [[Legion of Honour]] (France, 2004)
* Medal, "Brotherhood in Arms", twice (Poland)
* Medal "For the strengthening of friendship in Arms", 1st class (Czechoslovakia)
* Medal "100th anniversary of the fall of the Ottoman yoke" (NRB)
* Medal "from the grateful people of Afghanistan" (1988)
* [[USSR State Prize]] (1978) – for his work on medical justification and implementation of complex methods and means of preventing the adverse effects of weightlessness on the human body, allowing for the possibility of prolonged manned space flights
* [[Lenin Komsomol Prize]] (1978) – script for the documentary "Common Space"
* [[Tsiolkovski Gold Medal]]
* [[Gagarin Gold Medal]]
* Gold Medal from the [[Polish Academy of Sciences]]
* Honorary citizen of the cities of [[Kaluga]], [[Gagarin, Russia|Gagarin]], and [[Dzhezkasgan]]

== Books ==
* {{lang|ru|Клімук П. Зоры – побач. Кніга аднаго палёту. Мн. : Маст. літ., 1977.}}
* [http://www.baikonuradm.ru/index.php?mod=180 The official website of the city administration Baikonur - Honorary citizens of Baikonur]

==References==
{{Commons category|Piotr Klimuk}}
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Klimuk, Pyotr Ilyich}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Brest District]]
[[Category:Belarusian Soviet cosmonauts]]
[[Category:1973 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:Heroes of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Soviet Air Force officers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 3rd class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR, 3rd class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Grunwald, 1st class]]
[[Category:Officiers of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Recipients of the USSR State Prize]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Lenin Komsomol Prize]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Parasat]]
[[Category:Honorary citizens of Baikonur]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal of Zhukov]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "In Commemoration of the 850th Anniversary of Moscow"]]
[[Category:Lenin Military Political Academy alumni]]

Toktar Aubakirov

2017-02-27T20:10:20Z

John: clean up, deflag, overlink, replaced: Russia → Russia, Austria → Austria using AWB

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{No footnotes|date=May 2010}}
{{Infobox astronaut
| name =
| image =Stamp of Kazakhstan 276.jpg
| caption = Toktar Aubakirov on a 1999 Kazakhstani stamp
| type = Cosmonaut
| status = Retired
| nationality = Kazakh
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|7|27|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Karaganda]], [[Kazakh SSR]], [[Soviet Union]]
| occupation = [[Test pilot]]
| rank = [[Major General]]
| selection = [[List of astronauts by selection#1991|1991 Cosmonaut Group]]
| time = 7d 22h 12m
| mission = [[Soyuz TM-13]], [[Soyuz TM-12]]
| insignia = [[File:Soyuz TM-13 patch.png|40px]]
| awards = {{Hero of the Soviet Union}} {{Hero of the Kazakhstan}} {{Order of Lenin}}
|}}

'''Toktar Ongarbayuly Aubakirov''' ({{lang-kk|Тоқтар Оңғарбайұлы Әубәкіров}}, {{lang-ru|Токтар Онгарбаевич Аубакиров}}, born on 27 July 1946) is a retired [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]] Air Force officer and a former [[astronaut|cosmonaut]].

==Early life==
Toktar Aubakirov was born in Karkaraly district, Karaganda region, [[Kazakh SSR]], which is now Kazakhstan. After graduating from the 8th grade of a secondary school he started working as a metal turner at the Temirtau foundry, whilst attending an evening school. In 1965 he joined the Armavir Military Aviation Institute of the Anti-Air Defence Pilots. He served as a [[fighter pilot]] in the [[Soviet Air Force]] on the Far East borders of the USSR until his acceptance into the M. Gromov Test Pilot's School in 1975.

==Test pilot career==
Between 1976 and 1991 he served as a test pilot at the Mikoyan Experimental Design Bureau (MiG aircraft). During this time he tested over 50 types of aircraft. The first in the Soviet Union to make a nonstop flight crossing the North Pole and with two in-flight refueling, the first in the Soviet Union who took off of the aircraft-carrier ''Tbilisi'' (later named [[Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov|''Kuznetsov'']]) on a MiG 29K.

==Spaceflight experience==
In 1991, in accordance with an agreement between the governments of the USSR and the Kazakh SSR, started training at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centern. On 2 October 1991 he launched with Russian cosmonaut [[Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (cosmonaut)|Alexander Volkov]] as flight commander, and the Austrian research cosmonaut [[Franz Viehböck]] in [[Soyuz TM-13]] from the [[Baikonur Cosmodrome]] [[spaceport]], and spent over eight days in space.

==Career==
Since 1993, he has been the general director of the National Aerospace Agency of Republic of Kazakhstan. He was a member of the Kazakhstan parliament. Now he is a [[pensioner]] and [[consultant]].

===Family===
Toktar Aubakirov is married to Tatyana Aubakirova. They have two children: Timur (born in 1977) and Mikhail (born in 1982).

==Awards and honors==
[[Image:ToktarAwbakirov.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Featured on a stamp]]
* [[Hero of Soviet Union]] (1988) – Test flights of MiG aircraft
* [[People's Hero of Kazakhstan]] (''Halyk Kaharmany'') (1995)
* [[Order of Otan]] (Kazakhstan) (1995)
* [[Order of Lenin]] (1988)
* [[Honoured Test Pilot of the USSR]] (1990)
* [[Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR]] (1991)
* Pilot-Cosmonaut of Kazakhstan #1
* [[Order of the Badge of Honour]] (1987)
* [[Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria|Decoration of Honour in Gold for Services to the Republic of Austria]](''Goldenes Ehrenzeichen''), twice (1988 and 1993)
* [[Order of the October Revolution]] (1991)
* [[Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"]] (12 April 2011) – for outstanding contribution to the development of international cooperation in manned space flight

==See also==
* [[List of astronauts by name]]
*[[List of Muslim astronauts]]

==External links==
*[http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/aubakirov_toktar.htm Aubakirov at Spacefacts]
*[http://www.testpilots.narod.ru/english/lii.html Flying-Research Institute]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aubakirov, Toktar}}
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Kazakhstani cosmonauts]]
[[Category:People from Karaganda]]
[[Category:Muslim cosmonauts]]
[[Category:Soviet cosmonauts]]
[[Category:Soviet Air Force officers]]
[[Category:Heroes of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]
[[Category:Heroes of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Badge of Honour]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the October Revolution]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"]]

Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Pyotr Klimuk

Toktar Aubakirov