https://en.encyclopedia.kz/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Good+Olfactory 2026-07-03T05:18:36Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.23.15 https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Hostages_Convention 2016-12-29T02:28:21Z

<p>Good Olfactory: /* External links */ unneeded</p> <hr /> <div>{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Hostages Convention<br /> | long_name = International Convention against the Taking of Hostages<br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption =<br /> | type = [[International criminal law]], anti-terrorism<br /> | date_drafted = 17 December 1979<br /> | date_signed = 18 December 1979&lt;ref&gt;The first states to sign the convention were [[West Germany]], [[Luxembourg]], and the United Kingdom. The United States signed two days later.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | location_signed = New York<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 3 June 1983<br /> | condition_effective = 22 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = 39<br /> | parties = 176<br /> | depositor = [[Secretary-General of the United Nations|UN Secretary-General]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Hostages Convention''' (formally the '''International Convention against the Taking of Hostages''') is a United Nations treaty by which states agree to prohibit and punish [[hostage taking]]. The treaty includes definitions of &quot;hostage&quot; and &quot;hostage taking&quot; and sets out the principle of ''[[aut dedere aut judicare]]'': a party to the treaty must prosecute a hostage taker if no other state requests [[extradition]] for prosecution of the same crime.<br /> <br /> ==Creation and entry into force==<br /> The creation of an anti-hostage-taking treaty was a project initiated by the [[Federal Republic of Germany]] in 1976.&lt;ref&gt;Blumenau, Bernhard. &quot;The United Nations and Terrorism. Germany, Multilateralism, and Antiterrorism Efforts in the 1970s&quot;, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;The convention was adopted on 17 December 1979 by the issuance of Resolution 34/1461 by the [[United Nations General Assembly|UN General Assembly]]. By the end of 1980, it had been signed by 39 states and it came into force on 3 June 1983 after it had been ratified by 22 states. As of October 2016, the convention has 176 state parties.<br /> <br /> ==State parties==<br /> The convention has 176 state parties, which includes 175 [[Member states of the United Nations|UN members]] plus [[Niue]]. The 19 UN member states that are ''not'' parties to the treaty are:<br /> {{Columns-list|3|<br /> *{{flagu|Angola}}<br /> *{{flagu|Burundi}}<br /> *{{flagu|Republic of the Congo}}<br /> *{{flagu|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}<br /> *{{flagu|East Timor}}<br /> *{{flagu|Eritrea}}<br /> *{{flagu|Gambia}}<br /> *{{flagu|Indonesia}}<br /> *{{flagu|Israel}}<br /> *{{flagu|Maldives}}<br /> *{{flagu|Samoa}}<br /> *{{flagu|Solomon Islands}}<br /> *{{flagu|Somalia}}<br /> *{{flagu|South Sudan}}<br /> *{{flagu|Syria}}<br /> *{{flagu|Tuvalu}}<br /> *{{flagu|Vanuatu}}<br /> *{{flagu|Zimbabwe}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Of these 19 states, the convention has been signed but not ratified by the DR Congo and Israel. Other non-state-parties include the [[Holy See]] and the [[Cook Islands]] (though New Zealand's ratification states that it applies to the Cook Islands and Niue (but not [[Tokelau]])).<br /> <br /> ===Former state parties and successions===<br /> Former state parties that were not formally succeeded by any existing state include [[Czechoslovakia]], [[East Germany]], and [[Yugoslavia]]. A number of states ratified but have since been succeeded by new states: [[Serbia]] ratified as the [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]; Russia ratified as the [[Soviet Union]]; [[Belarus]] ratified as the [[Byelorussian SSR]]; and [[Ukraine]] ratified as the [[Ukrainian SSR]].<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> *Blumenau, Bernhard. ''The United Nations and Terrorism. Germany, Multilateralism, and Antiterrorism Efforts in the 1970s''. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, ISBN 978-1-137-39196-4.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.un.org/en/sc/ctc/docs/conventions/Conv5.pdf Text of convention], [[United Nations Treaty Series]].<br /> *[https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-5&amp;chapter=18&amp;clang=_en Signatures and ratifications].<br /> <br /> [[Category:Hostage taking]]<br /> [[Category:Terrorism treaties]]<br /> [[Category:International criminal law treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1979]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1983]]<br /> [[Category:United Nations treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Afghan Transitional Administration]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:1979 in New York]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties adopted by United Nations General Assembly resolutions]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Akrotiri and Dhekelia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Anguilla]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Bermuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Antarctic Territory]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Indian Ocean Territory]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Gibraltar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Guernsey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Montserrat]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Portuguese Macau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to West Berlin]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Nagoya_Protocol 2016-12-20T01:27:35Z

<p>Good Olfactory: add ARG</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Nagoya Protocol<br /> | long_name = Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity<br /> | image =NagoyaProtocol.svg<br /> | image_width =320 px<br /> | caption = {{legend|#4466cc|Parties}}<br /> {{legend|#66cc44|signed, but not ratified}}<br /> {{legend|#999999|non signatory, but Biological Diversity Convention party}}<br /> {{legend|#dddddd|non signatory, non-Biological Diversity Convention party}}<br /> Besides several member states, the EU is also a party (not on map)<br /> | type = Environmental<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = 29 October 2010<br /> | location_signed = Nagoya, Japan<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 12 October 2014<br /> | condition_effective = 50 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories =92<br /> | parties =93<br /> | ratifiers = <br /> | depositor = [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]<br /> | language = <br /> | languages = Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity''', also known as the '''Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)''' is a 2010 supplementary agreement to the 1992 [[Convention on Biological Diversity]] (CBD). Its aim is the implementation of one of the three objectives of the CBD: the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, thereby contributing to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= http://www.cbd.int/abs/about/|title= Nagoya Protocol}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, there are concerns that the added bureaucracy and legislation will, overall, be damaging to the monitoring and collection of biodiversity, to conservation, to the international response to infectious diseases, and to research.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/plea-open-science-zika|title=A plea for open science on Zika|website=www.sciencemag.org|access-date=2016-04-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Protocol was adopted on 29 October 2010 in [[Nagoya]], Japan, and entered into force on 12 October 2014. It has been ratified by 93 parties, which includes 92 [[UN member states]] and the [[European Union]]. It is the second Protocol to the CBD; the first is the 2000 [[Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety]].<br /> <br /> ==Scope==<br /> <br /> The Nagoya Protocol applies to genetic resources that are covered by the CBD, and to the benefits arising from their utilization. The Protocol also covers traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources that are covered by the CBD and the benefits arising from its utilization<br /> <br /> ==Obligations==<br /> <br /> The Nagoya Protocol sets out obligations for its contracting parties to take measures in relation to access to genetic resources, benefit-sharing and compliance.<br /> <br /> ===Access obligations===<br /> <br /> Domestic-level access measures aim to:<br /> *Create legal certainty, clarity and transparency<br /> *Provide fair and non-arbitrary rules and procedures<br /> *Establish clear rules and procedures for prior informed consent and mutually agreed terms<br /> *Provide for issuance of a permit or equivalent when access is granted<br /> *Create conditions to promote and encourage research contributing to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use<br /> *Pay due regard to cases of present or imminent emergencies that threaten human, animal or plant health<br /> *Consider the importance of genetic resources for food and agriculture for food security<br /> <br /> ===Benefit-sharing obligations===<br /> <br /> Domestic-level benefit-sharing measures aim to provide for the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources with the contracting party providing genetic resources. Utilization includes research and development on the genetic or biochemical composition of genetic resources, as well as subsequent applications and commercialization. Sharing is subject to mutually agreed terms. Benefits may be monetary or non-monetary such as royalties and the sharing of research results.<br /> <br /> ===Compliance obligations===<br /> <br /> Specific obligations to support compliance with the domestic legislation or regulatory requirements of the contracting party providing genetic resources, and contractual obligations reflected in mutually agreed terms, are a significant innovation of the Nagoya Protocol. Contracting Parties are to:<br /> *Take measures providing that genetic resources utilized within their jurisdiction have been accessed in accordance with prior informed consent, and that mutually agreed terms have been established, as required by another contracting party<br /> *Cooperate in cases of alleged violation of another contracting party’s requirements<br /> *Encourage contractual provisions on dispute resolution in mutually agreed terms<br /> *Ensure an opportunity is available to seek recourse under their legal systems when disputes arise from mutually agreed terms<br /> *Take measures regarding access to justice<br /> *Take measures to monitor the utilization of genetic resources after they leave a country including by designating effective checkpoints at any stage of the value-chain: research, development, innovation, pre-commercialization or commercialization<br /> <br /> ===Implementation===<br /> The Nagoya Protocol's success will require effective implementation at the domestic level. A range of tools and mechanisms provided by the Nagoya Protocol will assist contracting Parties including:<br /> *Establishing national focal points (NFPs) and competent national authorities (CNAs) to serve as contact points for information, grant access or cooperate on issues of compliance<br /> *An Access and Benefit-sharing Clearing-House to share information, such as domestic regulatory ABS requirements or information on NFPs and CNAs<br /> *Capacity-building to support key aspects of implementation.<br /> <br /> Based on a country’s self-assessment of national needs and priorities, capacity-building may help to:<br /> *Develop domestic ABS legislation to implement the Nagoya Protocol<br /> *Negotiate MAT<br /> *Develop in-country research capability and institutions<br /> *Raise awareness<br /> *Transfer technology<br /> *Target financial support for capacity-building and development initiatives through the GEF<br /> <br /> ===Criticism===<br /> Many scientists have voiced concern over the protocol, fearing the increased red tape will hamper disease prevention and conservation efforts, and that the threat of possible imprisonment of scientists will have a chilling effect on research.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url= http://www.nature.com/news/biopiracy-ban-stirs-red-tape-fears-1.16028|title= Biopiracy ban stirs red-tape fears}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Non-commercial biodiversity researchers and institutions such as [[natural history museum]]s fear maintaining biological reference collections and exchanging material between institutions will become difficult.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url= http://bioscience.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/05/05/biosci.biv056.short?rss=1|title= The Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing -- International treaty poses challenges for biological collections}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Bermuda Principles]]<br /> * [[Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture]]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XXVII-8-b&amp;chapter=27&amp;lang=en Signatures and ratifications], un.org<br /> <br /> [[Category:2010 in Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2010]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2014]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Union]]<br /> [[Category:Biodiversity]]<br /> [[Category:Environmental treaties]]<br /> [[Category:United Nations treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Genetics]]<br /> [[Category:Convention on Biological Diversity]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Seafarers%27_Identity_Documents_Convention_(Revised),_2003 2016-12-12T01:52:35Z

<p>Good Olfactory: add SL</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox International Labour Organization convention<br /> |code= C185<br /> |name= Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003<br /> |adopt= June 19, 2003<br /> |force= February 9, 2005<br /> |classify= Seafarers <br /> |subject= Seafarers <br /> |prev= [[Safety and Health in Agriculture Convention, 2001]]<br /> |next= [[Maritime Labour Convention, 2006]]<br /> |shelved= <br /> }}<br /> '''Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003''' is an [[International Labour Organization]] [[International Labour Organization#International Labour Conference|Convention]].<br /> <br /> It was established in 1958, with the preamble stating:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its Ninety-first Session on 3 June 2003, and Mindful of the continuing threat to the security of passengers and crews and the safety of ships, to the national interest of States and to individuals, and&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;Mindful also of the core mandate of the Organization, which is to promote decent conditions of work, and&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;Considering that, given the global nature of the shipping industry, seafarers need special protection, and&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;Recognizing the principles embodied in the Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention, 1958, concerning the facilitation of entry by seafarers into the territory of Members, for the purposes of shore leave, transit, transfer or repatriation, and..&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> == Modifications ==<br /> <br /> This Convention revised Convention C108 [[Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention, 1958]]<br /> <br /> == Ratifications==<br /> <br /> As of December 2016, the convention has been ratified by 33 states.<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *[http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312330:NO Text].<br /> *[http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:11300:0::NO:11300:P11300_INSTRUMENT_ID:312330 Ratifications].<br /> <br /> [[Category:International Labour Organization conventions]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2003]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2005]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Identity documents]]<br /> [[Category:Admiralty law treaties]]<br /> [[Category:2003 in labour relations]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{International-law-stub}}</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Geneva_Phonograms_Convention 2016-12-12T01:50:17Z

<p>Good Olfactory: update</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Geneva Phonograms Convention<br /> | long_name = Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms<br /> | image =PhonogramsConventionMembers.png<br /> | image_width =225<br /> | caption =Ratifications of the Convention (countries in orange have signed, but not ratified<br /> | type =<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = 29 October 1971<br /> | location_signed =Geneva<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 18 April 1973<br /> | condition_effective = 5 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories =32<br /> | parties =79<br /> | ratifiers = <br /> | depositor = Secretary–General of the United Nations&lt;ref&gt;Article 9(1): &quot;(1) This Convention shall be deposited with the Secretary–General of the United Nations. (...)&quot;; Article 9(3): &quot;Instruments of ratification, acceptance or accession shall be deposited with the Secretary–General of the United Nations.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | language = <br /> | languages = English, French, Russian and Spanish<br /> | wikisource =Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms<br /> }}<br /> The '''Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms''', also known as the '''Geneva Phonograms Convention''', is a 1971 international agreement relating to [[copyright]] protection for sound recordings.<br /> <br /> ==Legal context==<br /> <br /> By the mid-1950s, the [[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works]], the [[Buenos Aires Convention]] and [[Universal Copyright Convention]] granted strong rights to creators of printed or artistic content – and also to composers and performers of music – in most first world countries. The publisher of a book could prosecute a maker of unauthorized copies even if they operated in a different country. But there was no equivalent protection for sound recordings.&lt;ref name=&quot;Baskerville&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Baskerville|first=David|title=Music business handbook and career guide|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=LZxhW5ELHzoC&amp;printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|year=2006|publisher=SAGE|isbn=1-4129-0438-2|pages=542-546}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The 1961 [[Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations|Rome Convention]] for the first time granted international recognition for copyright in sound recordings. Now music labels were recognized as having a copyright interest in the recording itself, separately from the composer and performer. This gave them standing to prosecute makers of unauthorized copies of their tapes or records in other countries.&lt;ref name=&quot;Baskerville&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Technological context==<br /> <br /> In the mid-1960s music labels began producing pre-recorded [[compact cassette]]s, a technology developed in the late 1950s which offered relatively compact players and space-efficient storage compared to vinyl records. It was also very much cheaper and simpler to make unauthorized copies compared to vinyl records. By the late 1960s copyright infringement and counterfeiting of these recordings had become common, and the music industry lobbied for a new international treaty which would give them additional powers to combat copyright infringement.&lt;ref name=&quot;Baskerville&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==The 1971 convention==<br /> {{Expand section|date=June 2010}}<br /> <br /> The 1971 convention granted record producers the international right to block imports of counterfeit music recordings, and to take action against distributors and retailers who sold them.<br /> <br /> ==Specific requirement for protection==<br /> Unlike the Berne Convention, which does not require formalities to obtain protection, the Geneva Phonograms convention does provide one formality. To secure protection under this convention, copies of the sound recording must carry a copyright notice, one exclusively for sound recordings. The notice consists of the phonogram copyight symbol, &quot;℗&quot; which is the upper case letter &quot;P&quot; in a circle, the year of publication, and the copyright owner's name. In this way, the Geneva Phonograms Convention is similar to the notice requirement of the [[Universal Copyright Convention]].<br /> ==See also==<br /> {{Wikisource}}<br /> *[[List of parties to the Geneva Phonograms Convention]]<br /> * [[Sound recording copyright symbol]]<br /> * [[Related rights]]<br /> * [[Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations]]<br /> * [[WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|colwidth=30em}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/phonograms/ Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms] {{ref-en}} in the [[WIPO Lex]] database — official website of [[WIPO]].<br /> **The full text of the [http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/treaties/text.jsp?file_id=288582 Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms] <br /> ** [http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults.jsp?country_id=ALL&amp;start_year=ANY&amp;end_year=ANY&amp;search_what=C&amp;treaty_id=18 Ratifications]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Copyright treaties]]<br /> [[Category:World Intellectual Property Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1971]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1973]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zaire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Holy See]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:1971 in Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Bermuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Gibraltar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Montserrat]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to West Berlin]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Convention_for_the_Safeguarding_of_the_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage 2016-12-12T01:44:32Z

<p>Good Olfactory: fix #</p> <hr /> <div>{{merge from|Intangible Cultural Heritage in Finland|discuss=Talk:Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage#Proposed merge with Intangible Cultural Heritage in Finland|date=January 2015}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage<br /> | long_name = <br /> | image =IntangibleCulturalHeritageConvention.svg<br /> | image_width =300<br /> | caption =States parties to the convention (in Green: convention has not entered into force)<br /> | type =<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = 17 October 2003<br /> | location_signed =Paris<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 20 April 2006<br /> | condition_effective = 30 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories =<br /> | parties =<br /> | ratifiers = 171&lt;ref name = ratifications/&gt;<br /> | depositor = Director-General of UNESCO<br /> | language = <br /> | languages = Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage''' is a [[UNESCO]] [[multilateral treaty|treaty]] adopted by the UNESCO General Conference on 17 October 2003. The convention entered into force in 2006, after thirtieth instruments of ratification by UNESCO Member States.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage]&lt;/ref&gt; As of September 2016, 171 states have ratified the convention.&lt;ref name = ratifications&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/eri/la/convention.asp?KO=17116&amp;language=E States Parties to the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage].&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Content==<br /> <br /> ===Layout of the Convention===<br /> The Convention contains following provisions:<br /> <br /> I. General Provisions<br /> <br /> II. Organs of the Convention<br /> <br /> III. Safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage at the national level<br /> <br /> IV. Safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage at the international level<br /> <br /> V. International cooperation and assistance<br /> <br /> VI. Intangible Cultural Heritage Fund<br /> <br /> VII. Reports<br /> <br /> VIII. Transitional clause<br /> <br /> IX. Final clauses<br /> <br /> ===Purposes of the Convention===<br /> <br /> Unlike other UNESCO conventions, this convention begins with stating its purposes, which are;<br /> {{quote|(a) to safeguard the intangible cultural heritage;<br /> (b) to ensure respect for the tangible cultural heritage of the communities, groups and individuals concerned;<br /> <br /> (c) to raise awareness at the local, national and international levels of the importance of the intangible cultural heritage, and of ensuring mutual appreciation thereof;<br /> (d) to provide for international cooperation and assistance.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage] Article1&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> <br /> ===Definition===<br /> {{Main|Intangible cultural heritage}}<br /> <br /> Intangible cultural heritage refers to &quot;traditions or living expressions inherited from our ancestors and passed on to our descendants, such as oral traditions, performing arts, social practices, rituals, festive events, knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe or the knowledge and skills to produce traditional crafts&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/01851-EN.pdf What is Intangible Cultural Heritage] p.3&lt;/ref&gt; The Convention defines it as follows:<br /> <br /> {{quote|Intangible Cultural Heritage means the practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, and skills – as well as the instruments, objects, artifacts and cultural spaces associated therewith – that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage. This intangible cultural heritage, transmitted from generation to generation, is constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history, and provides them with a sense of identity and continuity, thus promoting respect for cultural diversity and human creativity. For the purposes of this Convention, consideration will be given solely to such intangible cultural heritage as is compatible with existing international human rights instruments, as well as with the requirements of mutual respect among communities, groups and individuals, and of sustainable development.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage] Article 2<br /> &lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> <br /> ===Function===<br /> The Convention works on both national and international levels.<br /> At the national level, State Parties are supposed to ‘take necessary measures to ensure the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage present in its territory.” These measures include identification of the intangible cultural heritage that exists in its territory, adoption of appropriate policies, promotion of education and so on.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage] Article 11&lt;/ref&gt; Besides, in taking these measures, each state parties must “endeavor to ensure the widest possible participation of communities, groups, and, where appropriate, individuals that create, maintain and transmit such heritage, and to involve them actively in its management”.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage] Article 15&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> At the international level, this Convention promotes international cooperation, which includes “the exchange of information and experience, joint initiatives, and the establishment of a mechanism of assistance” to other State Parties.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage] Article 19&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Lists'''<br /> <br /> The Committee to the Convention publishes and keeps up to date two lists of intangible cultural heritage, which are<br /> *the [[Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity]]<br /> *the [[List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage] Article 16,17&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Intangible Cultural Heritage Fund'''<br /> <br /> The Convention establishes Intangible Cultural Heritage Fund, the use of which is decided by the Committee. The fund mainly consists of the contributions by State Parties and funds by the General Conference of UNESCO.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage] Article 25&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> ===Precursors===<br /> One of the first international occasions that mentioned the preservation of 'intangible heritage' was the World Conference on Cultural Policies in Mexico City in 1982.&lt;ref name=&quot;Working towards the 2003 Convention&quot;&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/01854-EN.pdf Working towards the 2003 Convention] p.6&lt;/ref&gt; This Conference defined cultural heritage as including “both tangible and intangible works through which the creativity of people finds expression,” and asked UNESCO and Member States to take measures for protecting this kind of heritage.&lt;ref name=&quot;Working towards the 2003 Convention&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1989, UNESCO adopted the Recommendation on the Safeguarding of Traditional Culture and Folklore as the first legal instrument towards the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage.&lt;ref name=&quot;unesco.org&quot;&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/01854-EN.pdf Working towards the 2003 Convention] p.7&lt;/ref&gt; This Recommendation reflected the ideas of the earlier Conference in Mexico City. UNESCO conducted some promotional programs for raising awareness of this Recommendation, but was not very successful.&lt;ref name=&quot;unesco.org&quot;/&gt; However, in the late 90's, there was a conference held for the assessment of this Recommendation, which pointed out some problems to be considered in drafting the Convention. In this sense, this Recommendation served as an important step.&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/01854-EN.pdf Working towards the 2003 Convention] p.10&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1997, UNESCO launched the program of Proclamation of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, intending to raise awareness of the importance of intangible heritage. This program proclaimed a total of 90 masterpieces between 2001 and 2005, and caused the movement toward the Convention.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00103 Proclamation of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity (2001–2005)]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Creation===<br /> <br /> According to the request of Member States, a preliminary study, undertaken by Director-General, on how could the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage be conducted, recommended to create a new document that set an international standard.&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2001, the General Conference adopted another instrument, [[Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity]], which also includes articles dealing with the preservation of ’heritage in all forms’.&lt;ref&gt;[http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=13179&amp;URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&amp;URL_SECTION=201.html UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity] Article 7&lt;/ref&gt; This declaration and its Action Plan presented basic idea of the coming convention and helped to develop it.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/01854-EN.pdf Working towards the 2003 Convention]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> As a result of many meetings for two years, the draft Convention was brought into the General Conference and adopted in 2003.<br /> <br /> ==Criticism==<br /> *The definition of intangible cultural heritage has been criticized as potentially incomplete. For example, in a 2004 article in ''[[Museum International]]'', [[Richard Kurin]] says that because the Convention does not recognize cultural activities not compatible with international human rights instruments, some activities, such as [[female genital mutilation]], that groups may themselves consider critical to their culture, are not eligible. Similarly, Kurin notes that since many group's culture is defined in opposition to other cultures, the requirement for &quot;mutual respect&quot; may leave out traditional songs and stories that glorify &quot;empire, victorious kings, religious conversion, or alternatively resistance to perceived injustice, martyrdom and defeat&quot;.&lt;ref name=Kurin&gt;{{cite journal|last=Kurin|first=Richard|title=Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in the 2003 UNESCO Convention: a critical appraisal|journal=Museum International|date=1 May 2004|volume=56|issue=1–2|pages=66–77|doi=10.1111/j.1350-0775.2004.00459.x|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1350-0775.2004.00459.x/pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, Kurin also notes that the definition can be more expansive than intended by its designers, who originally planned only to protect &quot;traditional cultural activities&quot;. He says that it is robust enough to encompass more modern forms of culture, including things like &quot;[[rap music]], [[Australian cricket]], modern dance, post-modernist architectural knowledge, and [[karaoke bars]]&quot;.&lt;ref name=Kurin/&gt;<br /> *Richard Kurin has argued that dividing culture into individual units is inconsistent with modern academic views of cultures.&lt;ref name=Kurin/&gt; Additionally, Michael Brown has argued that Convention's focus on cataloging is based on an outdated belief that listing the details of a culture has some connection to preservation of that culture.&lt;ref name=Brown&gt;{{cite journal|last=Brown|first=Michael F.|title=Heritage Trouble: Recent Work on the Protection of Intangible Cultural Property|journal=International Journal of Cultural Property|year=2005|volume=12|issue=01|doi=10.1017/S0940739105050010|url=http://lanfiles.williams.edu/~mbrown/Brown,%20Heritage%20Trouble,%20IJCP,%202005.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; States are also encouraged to enact programs to safeguard intangible cultural heritages, though any such work must be done in cooperation with the local practitioners. This aspect has also been criticized, since it is unclear how a state can safeguard a cultural practice by force, particularly if there is insufficient interest from local practitioners.&lt;ref name =Kurin/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> {{Portal|Culture|United Nations}}<br /> * [[UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=home Official website of the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage]<br /> *[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&amp;pg=00022 Full text of the Convention]<br /> *[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&amp;pg=00026 Operational Directives for the implementation of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Heritage]<br /> *[http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=13141&amp;URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&amp;URL_SECTION=201.html Recommendation on the Safeguarding of Traditional Culture and Folklore]<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, Convention for the}}<br /> [[Category:Traditions]]<br /> [[Category:UNESCO treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Art and culture treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Cultural heritage|Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2006|Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2003|Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palestine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:2003 in France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Caribbean Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Hong Kong]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Intergovernmental_Agreement_on_the_Asian_Highway_Network 2016-11-29T03:19:36Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT[[Asian Highway Network]]<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Asian Highway Network Intergovernmental Agreement}}<br /> [[Category:United Nations treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2003]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2005]]<br /> [[Category:2003 in Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Transport treaties]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Roman_Catholic_missionaries_in_Kazakhstan 2016-11-21T03:41:36Z

<p>Good Olfactory: ←Created page with 'Roman Catholic Kazakhstan Category:Catholic Church in Kazakh...'</p> <hr /> <div>[[Category:Christian missionaries in Kazakhstan|Roman Catholic]]<br /> [[Category:Roman Catholic missionaries in Asia|Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Catholic Church in Kazakhstan|Missionaries]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Amnesty_International_prisoners_of_conscience_held_by_Kazakhstan 2016-11-20T23:13:52Z

<p>Good Olfactory: ←Created page with 'Amnesty International prisoners of conscience who are or were held by Kazakhstan. Category:Amnesty International prisoners of co...'</p> <hr /> <div>[[Amnesty International]] [[prisoner of conscience|prisoners of conscience]] who are or were held by Kazakhstan.<br /> [[Category:Amnesty International prisoners of conscience|Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Prisoners and detainees of Kazakhstan|Amnesty International prisoners of conscience]]<br /> [[Category:Human rights in Kazakhstan]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Moon_Treaty 2016-11-04T00:09:25Z

<p>Good Olfactory: /* See also */ unneeded</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Treaty<br /> | name = Moon Treaty<br /> | long_name =Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies<br /> | image =Moon Treaty Participation.svg<br /> | image_width = 250px<br /> | caption =Ratifications and signatories of the treaty&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{legend|#00aa00|Parties}}<br /> {{legend|#ffff00|Signatories}}<br /> {{legend|#ff1111|Non-parties}}<br /> | type =<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = December 18, 1979<br /> | location_signed = New York, USA<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = July 11, 1984 <br /> | condition_effective = 5 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = 11<br /> | parties = 17&lt;ref name=untdb&gt;{{cite web|url=http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/t/moon|title=Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies|publisher=[[United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs]]|accessdate=2013-05-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=unoda&gt;{{cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XXIV-2&amp;chapter=24&amp;clang=_en|title=Agreement governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies|accessdate=2014-12-05|publisher=[[United Nations]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; (as of November 2016)<br /> | depositor = [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = English, French, Russian, Spanish, Arabic and Chinese<br /> | website = <br /> | wikisource =Moon Treaty<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{International ownership conventions}}<br /> The '''Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies''',&lt;ref&gt;''[http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/SpaceLaw/moon.html Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies]'', Dec. 5, 1979, 1363 U.N.T.S. 3&lt;/ref&gt; better known as the '''Moon Treaty''' or '''Moon Agreement''', is an international treaty that turns [[jurisdiction]] of all celestial bodies (including the orbits around such bodies) over to the international community. Thus, all activities must conform to international law, including the [[United Nations Charter]].<br /> <br /> In practice it is a failed treaty because it has not been ratified by any state that engages in self-launched [[human spaceflight|manned space exploration]] or has plans to do so (e.g. the [[United States]], the larger part of the member states of the [[European Space Agency]], [[Russia]] (former [[Soviet Union]]), [[People's Republic of China]], [[Japan]], and [[India]]) since its creation in 1979, and thus has a negligible effect on actual spaceflight. As of November 2016, it has been ratified by 17 states.&lt;ref name=untdb/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Provisions==<br /> As a follow-on to the [[Outer Space Treaty]], the Moon Treaty intended to establish a [[regime]] for the use of the Moon and other [[Astronomical object|celestial bodies]] similar to the one established for the [[seabed|sea floor]] in the [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea]]. The treaty would apply to the Moon and to other [[celestial bodies]] within the [[Solar System]], other than [[Earth]], including [[orbits]] around or other trajectories to or around them.{{citation needed|date=January 2011}}<br /> <br /> The treaty makes a declaration that the Moon should be used for the benefit of all states and all peoples of the international community. It also expresses a desire to prevent the Moon from becoming a source of international conflict. To those ends the treaty does the following:{{citation needed|date=January 2011}}<br /> <br /> *Bans any military use of celestial bodies, including weapon testing or as military bases.<br /> *Bans all exploration and uses of celestial bodies without the approval or benefit of other states under the [[common heritage of mankind]] principle (article 11).<br /> *Requires that the [[Secretary-General of the United Nations|Secretary-General]] must be notified of all celestial activities (and discoveries developed thanks to those activities).<br /> *Declares all states have an equal right to conduct research on celestial bodies.<br /> *Declares that for any samples obtained during research activities, the state that obtained them must consider making part of it available to all countries/scientific communities for research.<br /> *Bans altering the environment of celestial bodies and requires that states must take measures to prevent accidental contamination.<br /> *Bans any state from claiming [[sovereignty]] over any territory of celestial bodies.<br /> *Bans any ownership of any extraterrestrial property by any organization or person, unless that organization is international and governmental.<br /> *Requires an [[international regime]] be set up to ensure safe and orderly development and management of the resources and sharing of the benefits from them.<br /> <br /> ==Ratification==<br /> [[Image:Moon Treaty Participation.svg|right|400px|thumb|<br /> Participation in the Moon Treaty<br /> {{legend|#00aa00|Parties}}<br /> {{legend|#ffff00|Signatories}}<br /> {{legend|#ff1111|Non-parties}}<br /> ]]<br /> <br /> The treaty was finalized in 1979 and entered into force for the [[ratification|ratifying]] parties in 1984. As of November 2016, 17 states are parties to the treaty,&lt;ref name=untdb/&gt; seven of which ratified the agreement and the rest acceded.&lt;ref name=untdb/&gt;&lt;ref name='UNOOSA'&gt;[http://www.unoosa.org/pdf/publications/ST_SPACE_11_Rev2_Add1E.pdf Status of international agreements relating to activities in outer space as at 1 January 2008] United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, 2008&lt;/ref&gt; Four additional states have signed but not ratified the treaty.&lt;ref name=untdb/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;UNOOSA&quot;/&gt; The [[L5 Society]] and others successfully opposed ratification of the treaty by the United States Senate.&lt;ref name=oneilchilds&gt;[http://www.nss.org/resources/library/spacemovement/chapter05.htm Chapter 5: O'Neills Children], Reaching for the High Frontier, The American Pro-Space Movement 1972-84, by Michael A. G. Michaud, National Space Society.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The objection to the treaty by the spacefaring nations is held to be the requirement that extracted resources (and the technology used to that end) must be shared with other nations. The similar regime in the [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea]] is believed to impede the development of such industries on the seabed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> | url =http://www.thespacereview.com/article/1954/1<br /> | title =The Moon Treaty: failed international law or waiting in the shadows?<br /> | last =Listner<br /> | first =Michael<br /> | date =24 October 2011<br /> | website =The Space Review<br /> | publisher =9 October 2015<br /> | access-date =<br /> | quote =Assuming that the Moon Treaty has no legal effect because of the non-participation of the Big Three is folly. The shadow of customary law and its ability to creep into the vacuum left vacant by treaty law should not be underestimated. To that end, the most effective way of dealing with the question of the Moon Treaty’s validity is to officially denounce it. However, the realities of international politics and diplomacy will likely preclude such an action. The alternative is to act in a manner contrary to the Moon Treaty, and more importantly not to act in conformity with its precepts and hope that is sufficient to turn back the shadows of the Moon Treaty. }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===List of parties===<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> ! State&lt;ref name=untdb/&gt;&lt;ref name=unoda/&gt;<br /> ! Signed<br /> ! Deposited<br /> ! Method<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Australia}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1986|Jul|7}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Austria}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1980|May|21}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1984|Jun|11}}<br /> | Ratification<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Belgium}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2004|Jun|29}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Chile}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1980|Jan|3}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1981|Nov|12}}<br /> | Ratification<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Kazakhstan}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2001|Jan|11}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Kuwait}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2014|Apr|28}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Lebanon}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2006|Apr|12}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Mexico}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1991|Oct|11}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Morocco}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1980|Jul|25}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1993|Jan|21}}<br /> | Ratification<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Netherlands}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1981|Jan|27}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1983|Feb|17}}<br /> | Ratification<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Pakistan}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1986|Feb|27}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Peru}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1981|Jun|23}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2005|Nov|23}}<br /> | Ratification<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Philippines}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1980|Apr|23}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1981|May|26}}<br /> | Ratification<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2012|Jul|18}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Turkey}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2012|Feb|29}}&lt;ref&gt;{{ cite web | title = Reference: C.N.124.2012.TREATIES-2 (Depositary Notification) | publisher = United Nations | location = New York, NY | url = http://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/CN/2012/CN.124.2012-Eng.pdf | accessdate = 2012-04-03 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | Accession<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Uruguay}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1981|Jun|1}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1981|Nov|9}}<br /> | Ratification<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Venezuela}}<br /> |<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|2016|Nov|3}}<br /> | Accession<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===List of signatories===<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> ! State&lt;ref name=untdb/&gt;&lt;ref name=unoda/&gt;<br /> ! Signed<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|France}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1980|Jan|29}}<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Guatemala}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1980|Nov|20}}<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|India}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1982|Jan|18}}<br /> |-<br /> | {{flag|Romania}}<br /> | {{dts|format=dmy|1980|Apr|17}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> {| align=&quot;right&quot;<br /> |{{Extraterritorialities}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Wikisource}}<br /> *[http://www.islandone.org/Treaties/BH766.html Treaty Text] — &quot;Agreement Governing The Activities Of States On the Moon And Other Celestial Bodies&quot; (1979)<br /> *[http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/SpaceLaw/moon.html Official Treaty Site] — [[United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs]] (UNOOSA), including versions of the treaty in several languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.<br /> <br /> [[Category:Cold War treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Colonization of the Moon|Treaty]]<br /> [[Category:Space treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1979]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1984]]<br /> [[Category:United Nations treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Moon|Treaty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:1979 in New York]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Hague_Hijacking_Convention 2016-10-27T03:26:46Z

<p>Good Olfactory: /* 2010 Protocol */ update</p> <hr /> <div>{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{unreferenced|date=May 2016}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Hague Hijacking Convention<br /> | long_name = Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft<br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption =<br /> | type = Aviation, [[international criminal law]], anti-terrorism<br /> | date_drafted = 16 December 1970<br /> | date_signed = 16 December 1970<br /> | location_signed = [[The Hague]], Netherlands<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 14 October 1971<br /> | condition_effective = 10 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = 75<br /> | parties = 185<br /> | depositor = Governments of the United Kingdom, United States, and Russia (originally the [[Soviet Union]])<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = English, French, Russian and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Hague Hijacking Convention''' (formally the '''Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft''') is a [[multilateral treaty]] by which states agree to prohibit and punish [[aircraft hijacking]]. The convention does not apply to customs, law enforcement or military aircraft, thus it applies exclusively to civilian aircraft. The convention only addresses situations in which an aircraft takes off or lands in a place different from its country of registration. The convention sets out the principle of ''[[aut dedere aut judicare]]''—that a party to the treaty must prosecute an aircraft hijacker if no other state requests his or her [[extradition]] for prosecution of the same crime.<br /> <br /> ==Creation and entry into force==<br /> The convention was adopted by the International Conference on Air Law at [[The Hague]] on 16 December 1970. It came into force on 14 October 1971 after it had been ratified by 10 states. As of 2013, the convention has 185 state parties.<br /> <br /> ==State parties==<br /> The convention has 185 state parties, which includes 183 [[Member states of the United Nations|UN members]] plus the [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]]. The 10 UN member states that are ''not'' parties to the treaty are:<br /> {{Columns-list|2|<br /> *{{flagu|Burundi}}<br /> *{{flagu|East Timor}}<br /> *{{flagu|Eritrea}}<br /> *{{flagu|Kiribati}}<br /> *{{flagu|Federated States of Micronesia}}<br /> *{{flagu|San Marino}}<br /> *{{flagu|Solomon Islands}}<br /> *{{flagu|Somalia}}<br /> *{{flagu|South Sudan}}<br /> *{{flagu|Tuvalu}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Of these 10 states, the convention has been signed but not ratified by Burundi.<br /> <br /> ===Former state parties and successions===<br /> Former state parties that were not formally succeeded by any existing state include [[Czechoslovakia]], [[East Germany]], [[South Vietnam]], and [[Yugoslavia]]. A number of states ratified but have since been succeeded by new states: [[Serbia]] ratified as the [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]; Russia ratified as the [[Soviet Union]]; [[Belarus]] ratified as the [[Byelorussian SSR]]; and [[Ukraine]] ratified as the [[Ukrainian SSR]]. Prior to the unification of [[Yemen]], both [[North Yemen|North]] and [[South Yemen]] had ratified the convention. The [[Republic of China]] signed and ratified the agreement; in 1980, the People's Republic of China approved the treaty with a statement that it declared the Republic of China's actions with respect to the convention &quot;null and void&quot;.<br /> <br /> ==2010 Protocol==<br /> In 2010 in Beijing, the Protocol Supplementary to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft was adopted. The Protocol makes amendments and additions to the original convention. As of the end of October 2016, the Protocol has been ratified by 17 states. It will come into effect once it has been ratified by 22 states.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Beijing Convention]]<br /> *[[Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation]]<br /> *[[LOT Flight 165 hijacking#Trial]]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://treaties.un.org/doc/db/Terrorism/Conv2-english.pdf Text].<br /> *[http://www.icao.int/secretariat/legal/List%20of%20Parties/Hague_EN.pdf Ratifications].<br /> *[http://cil.nus.edu.sg/rp/il/pdf/2010%20Protocol%20Supplementary%20to%201970%20Hague%20Convention-pdf.pdf 2010 Protocol].<br /> *[http://www.icao.int/secretariat/legal/List%20of%20Parties/Beijing_Prot_EN.pdf 2010 Protocol ratifications].<br /> <br /> {{Commercial air travel}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1970]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1971]]<br /> [[Category:1970 in aviation]]<br /> [[Category:1970 in the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Aircraft hijacking]]<br /> [[Category:International Civil Aviation Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:International criminal law treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Terrorism treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of China (1949–71)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zaire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Derg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Pahlavi dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Akrotiri and Dhekelia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Bermuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Antarctic Territory]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Indian Ocean Territory]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Gibraltar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Guernsey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Montserrat]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Colony of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Brunei (protectorate)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the New Hebrides]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Portuguese Macau]]<br /> [[Category:20th century in The Hague]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Promotional_Framework_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health_Convention,_2006 2016-10-25T23:27:13Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>{{Underlinked|date=September 2015}}<br /> <br /> The '''Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006''' is an [[International Labour Organization]] convention concluded in 2006, which entered into force in 2009. As of October 2016, it has been ratified by 41 states.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:11300:0::NO:11300:P11300_INSTRUMENT_ID:312332|title=ratifications for C187 - Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006 (No. 187)|work=ILO|accessdate=7 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2006]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2009]]<br /> [[Category:International Labour Organization conventions]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Occupational safety and health treaties]]<br /> [[Category:2006 in labour relations]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:1930s_establishments_in_Kazakhstan 2016-10-19T04:03:42Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:1930s establishments in the Soviet Union using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>{{EstcatCountryDecade|19|3|20th|Kazakhstan}}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> {{-}}<br /> {{For|main category|Category:1930s establishments in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1930s establishments in Asia|Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:1930s establishments in the Soviet Union|Kazakhstan]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_expatriates_in_Croatia 2016-10-05T02:47:15Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Croatia–Kazakhstan relations using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div><br /> [[Category:Expatriates in Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Kazakhstani expatriates|Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Croatian people of Asian descent|-]]<br /> [[Category:Croatia–Kazakhstan relations]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_human_rights_activists 2016-09-30T00:11:14Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Human rights in Kazakhstan using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div> [[Category:Human rights activists by nationality]]<br /> [[Category:Kazakhstani activists|Human rights]]<br /> [[Category:Human rights in Kazakhstan|Activists]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Agreement_concerning_the_Adoption_of_Uniform_Technical_Prescriptions_for_Wheeled_Vehicles 2016-09-22T01:16:08Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Moldova using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT [[World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1958]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1959]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1994]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1995]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the French Fourth Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/International_Air_Services_Transit_Agreement 2016-09-15T05:13:10Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Mozambique using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT [[Freedoms of the air]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1944 in Illinois]]<br /> [[Category:International Civil Aviation Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1944]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1945]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ethiopian Empire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the French Fourth Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of British India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Pahlavi dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federation of Malaya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Estado Novo (Portugal)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Somali Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Union of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominion of Ceylon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Curaçao and Dependencies]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Leeward Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Colony of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Brunei (protectorate)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Federated Malay States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Ceylon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Portuguese Macau]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Protocol_for_the_Suppression_of_Unlawful_Acts_of_Violence_at_Airports 2016-09-15T04:49:06Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT[[Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation]]<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Airports, Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at}}<br /> [[Category:Aviation security]]<br /> [[Category:Terrorism treaties]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1988]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1989]]<br /> [[Category:1988 in Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Caribbean Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Convention_for_the_Suppression_of_Unlawful_Acts_against_the_Safety_of_Civil_Aviation 2016-09-15T04:47:39Z

<p>Good Olfactory: /* Protocol */ update</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation<br /> | long_name = <br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption = <br /> | type = [[Aviation]], [[International criminal law]], anti-[[terrorism]]<br /> | date_drafted = <br /> | date_signed = 23 September 1971<br /> | location_signed = [[Montreal]], [[Canada]]<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 26 January 1973<br /> | condition_effective = 10 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = <br /> | parties = 188<br /> | depositor = Governments of the [[United Kingdom]], [[United States]], and [[Russia]] (originally the [[Soviet Union]])<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation''' (sometimes referred to as the '''Sabotage Convention''' or the '''Montreal Convention''') is a [[multilateral treaty]] by which states agree to prohibit and punish behaviour which may threaten the safety of civil aviation.<br /> <br /> ==Content==<br /> The Convention does not apply to customs, law enforcement or military aircraft, thus it applies exclusively to civilian aircraft.<br /> <br /> The Convention [[criminalization|criminalises]] the following behaviour:<br /> #Committing an act of violence against a person on board an aircraft in flight if it is likely to endanger the safety of the aircraft;<br /> #destroying an aircraft being serviced or damaging such an aircraft in such a way that renders it incapable of flight or which is likely to endanger its safety in flight;<br /> #placing or causing to be placed on an aircraft a device or substance which is likely to destroy or cause damage to an aircraft;<br /> #destroying or damaging air navigation facilities or interfering with their operation if it is likely to endanger the safety of aircraft;<br /> #communicating information which is known to be false, thereby endangering the safety of an aircraft in flight;<br /> #attempting any of 1–5; and<br /> #being an accomplice to any of 1–6.<br /> <br /> The Convention sets out the principle of ''[[aut dedere aut judicare]]''—that a party to the treaty must either (1) prosecute a person who commits one of the offences or (2) send the individual to another state that requests his or her [[extradition]] for prosecution of the same crime.<br /> <br /> ==Creation and entry into force==<br /> The Convention was adopted by the International Conference on Air Law at [[Montreal]] on 23 September 1971. It came into force on 26 January 1973 after it had been ratified by 10 states. As of 2013, the Convention has 188 state parties.<br /> <br /> ==State parties==<br /> The Convention has 188 state parties, which includes 186 [[Member states of the United Nations|UN members]] plus the [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]]. The seven UN member states that are ''not'' parties to the treaty are:<br /> {{Columns-list|2|<br /> *{{flag|East Timor}}<br /> *{{flag|Eritrea}}<br /> *{{flag|Kiribati}}<br /> *{{flag|San Marino}}<br /> *{{flag|Somalia}}<br /> *{{flag|South Sudan}}<br /> *{{flag|Tuvalu}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ===Former state parties and successions===<br /> Former state parties that were not formally succeeded by any existing state include [[Czechoslovakia]], [[East Germany]], and [[Yugoslavia]]. A number of states ratified but have since been succeeded by new states: [[Serbia]] ratified as the [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]; [[Russia]] ratified as the [[Soviet Union]]; [[Belarus]] ratified as the [[Byelorussian SSR]]; and [[Ukraine]] ratified as the [[Ukrainian SSR]]. Prior to the unification of [[Yemen]], both [[North Yemen|North]] and [[South Yemen]] had ratified the convention. The [[Republic of China]] signed and ratified the agreement; in 1980, the [[People's Republic of China]] approved the treaty with a statement that it declared the Republic of China's actions with respect to the convention &quot;null and void&quot;.<br /> <br /> ==Protocol==<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports serving International Civil Aviation<br /> | long_name = <br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption = <br /> | type = [[Aviation]], [[International criminal law]], anti-[[terrorism]]<br /> | date_drafted = <br /> | date_signed = 24 February 1988<br /> | location_signed = [[Montreal]], [[Canada]]<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 6 August 1989<br /> | condition_effective = 10 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = <br /> | parties = 174<br /> | depositor = [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]] and the governments of the [[United Kingdom]], [[United States]], and [[Russia]] (originally the [[Soviet Union]])<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> On 24 February 1988 in [[Montreal]], the '''Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports serving International Civil Aviation''' was signed as a supplement to the Convention.<br /> <br /> The Protocol makes it an offence to commit similarly violent, dangerous, or damaging acts in airports that serve civil aviation.<br /> <br /> The Protocol came into force on 6 August 1989 and as of September 2016 has been ratified by 174 states, which includes 172 UN member states plus the [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]]. The UN member states that are ''not'' parties to the Protocol are the seven states that have not ratified the Convention plus the following 14 states:<br /> <br /> {{Columns-list|2|<br /> *{{flag|Afghanistan}}<br /> *{{flag|Burundi}}<br /> *{{flag|Chad}}<br /> *{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (signed)<br /> *{{flag|Haiti}}<br /> *{{flag|Indonesia}} (signed)<br /> *{{flag|Malawi}} (signed)<br /> *{{flag|Nepal}}<br /> *{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br /> *{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br /> *{{flag|Swaziland}}<br /> *{{flag|Venezuela}} (signed)<br /> *{{flag|Zambia}}<br /> *{{flag|Zimbabwe}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation]]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://treaties.un.org/untc//Pages//doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20974/volume-974-I-14118-English.pdf Text of Convention].<br /> *[http://www.icao.int/secretariat/legal/List%20of%20Parties/Mtl71_EN.pdf Signatures and ratifications of Convention].<br /> *[http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ddcac634.html Text of Protocol].<br /> *[http://www.icao.int/secretariat/legal/List%20of%20Parties/VIA_EN.pdf Signatures and ratifications of Protocol].<br /> <br /> {{Commercial air travel}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Safety of Civil Aviation, Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the}}<br /> [[Category:International Civil Aviation Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1971]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1973]]<br /> [[Category:1971 in Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Terrorism treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Taiwan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Derg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Pahlavi dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Estado Novo (Portugal)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:1971 in aviation]]<br /> [[Category:Aviation security]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Surinam (Dutch colony)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Akrotiri and Dhekelia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Anguilla]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Bermuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Antarctic Territory]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Indian Ocean Territory]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Gibraltar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Guernsey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Montserrat]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Brunei (protectorate)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the New Hebrides]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Portuguese Macau]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/WIPO_Convention 2016-08-08T09:00:31Z

<p>Good Olfactory: add COK</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = WIPO Convention<br /> | long_name = Convention establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization<br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption = <br /> | type = [[intellectual property]]<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = 14 July 1967<br /> | location_signed = [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 26 April 1970<br /> | condition_effective = 10 ratifications by [[Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property|Paris Union]] states plus seven ratifications by [[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works|Berne Union]] states<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = 50<br /> | parties = 189<br /> | depositor = Director General of the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''WIPO Convention''' (formally, the '''Convention establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization''') is the [[multilateral treaty]] that established the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO).<br /> <br /> The Convention was signed at [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]], on 14 July 1967 and entered into force on 26 April 1970. As of August 2016, the convention has 189 parties: 186 [[UN member states]] plus the [[Cook Islands]], the [[Holy See]] and [[Niue]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults.jsp?lang=en&amp;treaty_id=1 WIPO-Administered Treaties; Contracting Parties &gt; WIPO Convention (Total Contracting Parties : 189)], retrieved on 7 August 2016.&lt;/ref&gt; The seven UN member states that have not ratified the WIPO Convention are:<br /> {{columns-list|2|<br /> *{{flag|East Timor}}<br /> *{{flag|Marshall Islands}}<br /> *{{flag|Federated States of Micronesia}}<br /> *{{flag|Nauru}}<br /> *{{flag|Palau}}<br /> *{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br /> *{{flag|South Sudan}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The Convention is written in English, French, Russian and Spanish, all texts being equally authentic.&lt;ref&gt;Article 20(1)(a)&lt;/ref&gt; The Convention was amended on 28 September 1979.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]]<br /> *[[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/convention/index.html Convention establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization], on the WIPO web site<br /> ** The full text of the [http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/treaties/text.jsp?file_id=283854 Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization] {{ref-en}} in the [[WIPO Lex]] database — official website of [[WIPO]].<br /> <br /> [[Category:Intellectual property treaties]]<br /> [[Category:World Intellectual Property Organization treaties|*]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1967]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1970]]<br /> [[Category:1967 in Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zaire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Holy See]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Somali Democratic Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Convention_on_Assistance_in_the_Case_of_a_Nuclear_Accident_or_Radiological_Emergency 2016-08-03T04:23:48Z

<p>Good Olfactory: update; it has been ratified by 112 but only has 108 state parties</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox Treaty<br /> |name = Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency<br /> |long_name =<br /> |image =<br /> |image_width =<br /> |caption =<br /> |type =<br /> |date_drafted =<br /> |date_signed = 26 September 1986<br /> |location_signed = [[Vienna]], Austria<br /> |date_sealed =<br /> |date_effective = 26 February 1987<br /> |condition_effective = three ratifications<br /> |date_expiration =<br /> |signatories = 68<br /> |parties = 112 &lt;small&gt;(four have denounced)&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |depositor = Director General of the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]]<br /> |language =<br /> |languages =Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> |wikisource =<br /> }}The '''Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency''' is a 1986 [[multilateral treaty|treaty]] of the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] (IAEA) whereby states have agreed to provide notification to the IAEA of any assistance that they can provide in the case of a [[nuclear and radiation accidents|nuclear accident]] that occurs in another state that has ratified the treaty. Along with the [[Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident]], it was adopted in direct response to the April 1986 [[Chernobyl disaster]].<br /> <br /> The Convention was concluded and signed at a special session of the IAEA general conference on 26 September 1986; the special session was called because of the [[Chernobyl disaster]], which had occurred five months before. Significantly, the [[Soviet Union]] and the [[Ukrainian SSR]]—the states that were responsible for the Chernobyl disaster—both signed the treaty at the conference and quickly ratified it. It was signed by 68 states and the Convention entered into force on 26 February 1987 after the third ratification.<br /> <br /> As of 2016, there are 112 states that have ratified or acceded to the Convention, plus the [[European Atomic Energy Community]], the [[Food and Agriculture Organization]], the [[World Health Organization]], and the [[World Meteorological Organization]]. The states that have signed the Convention but not ratified it are Afghanistan, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, [[Holy See]], Niger, North Korea, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Syria, and Zimbabwe. The states that have ratified the Convention but have since denounced it and withdrawn from the agreement are Bulgaria, Hungary, Mongolia, and Poland.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{unreferenced|date=September 2013}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Conventions/cacnare.html Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident], IAEA information page.<br /> *[http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Infcircs/Others/infcirc336.shtml Text of the Convention].<br /> *[http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Conventions/cacnare_status.pdf Signatures and ratifications].<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency Convention}}<br /> [[Category:1986 in Austria|Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency]]<br /> [[Category:Chernobyl disaster|Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency]]<br /> [[Category:International Atomic Energy Agency treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Nuclear accidents and incidents|*Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1986]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1986]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Atomic Energy Community]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the World Health Organization]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the Food and Agriculture Organization]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the World Meteorological Organization]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Sports_teams_in_Kazakhstan 2016-07-26T04:24:36Z

<p>Good Olfactory: removed Category:Sport in Kazakhstan; added Category:Sports organisations of Kazakhstan using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>[[Category:Sports teams by country|Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Sports organisations of Kazakhstan|Teams]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Sports_governing_bodies_in_Kazakhstan 2016-07-26T04:24:27Z

<p>Good Olfactory: -Category:Organizations based in Kazakhstan; ±Category:Sport in Kazakhstan→Category:Sports organisations of Kazakhstan using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>This is the pre-categorization box:<br /> {{Sports governing bodies in Kazakhstan}}<br /> [[Category:Sports organisations of Kazakhstan|Governing bodies]]<br /> [[Category:Sports governing bodies in Asia by country|Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Sports governing bodies in Europe by country|Kazakhstan]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Sports_organisations_of_Kazakhstan 2016-07-26T04:23:54Z

<p>Good Olfactory: +Category:Sport in Kazakhstan; +Category:Organizations based in Kazakhstan using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>[[Category:Sports organisations by country|Kazak]]<br /> [[Category:Sport in Kazakhstan|Organisations]]<br /> [[Category:Organizations based in Kazakhstan|Sports]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_people_of_European_descent 2016-07-20T04:38:18Z

<p>Good Olfactory: new key for Category:Kazakhstani people by ethnic or national origin: &quot;European&quot; using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>[[Category:Asian people of European descent|Kazakhstani]]<br /> [[Category:European people of European descent]]<br /> [[Category:European diaspora in Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:People of European descent]]<br /> [[Category:Kazakhstani people by ethnic or national origin|European]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/STCW_Convention 2016-07-06T00:10:21Z

<p>Good Olfactory: update</p> <hr /> <div>{{EngvarB|date=November 2013}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2013}}<br /> {{Refimprove|date=August 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox Treaty<br /> | name = STCW<br /> | long_name =International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers<br /> | image =<br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption =<br /> | type =<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = 7 July 1978<br /> | location_signed = London, UK<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 28 April 1984<br /> | condition_effective = 25 ratifications, the combined merchant fleets of which constitute not less than 50% of the gross tonnage of the world's merchant shipping of ships of 100 gross tonnage or more<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories =<br /> | parties = 161<br /> | depositor =Secretary-General of the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO)<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = English, French, Russian and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers''' (or '''STCW'''), 1978 sets qualification standards for [[Master Mariner|masters]], officers and watch personnel on seagoing [[Cargo ship|merchant ships]]. STCW was adopted in 1978 by conference at the [[International Maritime Organization]] ([[International Maritime Organization|IMO]]) in London, and entered into force in 1984. The Convention was significantly amended in 1995.<br /> <br /> The '''1978 STCW Convention''' was the first to establish basic requirements on training, certification and watchkeeping for seafarers on an international level. Previously the standards of training, certification and watchkeeping of officers and ratings were established by individual governments, usually without reference to practices in other countries. As a result, standards and procedures varied widely, even though shipping is extremely international by nature.<br /> <br /> The [[Treaty|Convention]] prescribes minimum standards relating to training, certification and watchkeeping for seafarers which countries are obliged to meet or exceed.<br /> <br /> The Convention did not deal with manning levels: IMO provisions in this area are covered by regulation 14 of Chapter V of the [[International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea]] (SOLAS), 1974, whose requirements are backed up by resolution A.890(21) Principles of safe manning, adopted by the IMO Assembly in 1999, which replaced an earlier resolution A.481(XII) adopted in 1981.<br /> <br /> One especially important feature of the Convention is that it applies to ships of non-party [[Sovereign state|States]] when visiting ports of States which are Parties to the Convention. Article X requires Parties to apply the control measures to ships of all [[Ensign|flags]] to the extent necessary to ensure that no more favourable treatment is given to ships entitled to fly the flag of a State which is not a Party than is given to ships entitled to fly the flag of a State that is a Party.<br /> <br /> The difficulties which could arise for ships of States which are not Parties to the Convention is one reason why the Convention has received such wide acceptance. By 2014, the STCW Convention had 158 Parties, representing 98.8 per cent of world shipping tonnage.<br /> <br /> ==1995 revision==<br /> On 7 July 1995 the IMO adopted a comprehensive revision of STCW. It also included a proposal to develop a new STCW Code, which would contain the technical details associated with provisions of the Convention. The amendments entered force on 1 February 1997. Full implementation was required by 1 February 2002. Mariners already holding licenses had the option to renew those licenses in accordance with the old rules of the ''1978 Convention'' during the period ending on 1 February 2002. Mariners entering training programs after 1 August 1998 are required to meet the competency standards of the new ''1995 Amendments''.<br /> <br /> The most significant amendments concerned:<br /> *a) enhancement of port state control;<br /> *b) communication of information to IMO to allow for mutual oversight and consistency in application of standards,<br /> *c) quality standards systems (QSS), oversight of training, assessment, and certification procedures,<br /> **The Amendments require that seafarers be provided with &quot;familiarization training&quot; and &quot;basic safety training&quot; which includes fire prevention &amp; [[fire fighting]], elementary [[first aid]], personal [[survival techniques]], and personal safety and [[social responsibility]]. This training is intended to ensure that seafarers are aware of the hazards of working on a vessel and can respond appropriately in an emergency.<br /> *d) placement of responsibility on parties, including those issuing licenses, and flag states employing foreign nationals, to ensure seafarers meet objective standards of competence, and<br /> *e) rest period requirements for watchkeeping personnel.<br /> <br /> ==Manila Amendments==<br /> The IMO Convention on Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping of Seafarers adopted a new set of amendments in Manila in 2010 called &quot;The Manila Amendments&quot;. These amendments were necessary to keep training standards in line with new technological and operational requirements that require new shipboard competencies. The Manila Amendments were effective as of 1 January 2012. There is a transition period until 2017 when all seafarers must be certified and trained according to the new standards. [http://www.ancomaritime.com/files/Manila_Amendments_STCW_new_requirements.html Implementation is progressive], every year a modified set of requirements comes into force. The most significant amendments are:<br /> * New rest hours for seafarers<br /> * New grades of certificates of competence for Able seaman in both deck and engine <br /> * New and updated training, refreshing requirements <br /> * Mandatory security training <br /> * Additional medical standards <br /> * Specific Alcohol limits in blood or breath.<br /> <br /> ==STCW-F Convention==<br /> On 7 July 1995, the '''International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Fishing Vessel Personnel''' was adopted as a separate treaty as part of the comprehensive revisions to STCW. It applies the principles of STCW to fishing vessels from ratifying states that are 24 metres in length and above. STCW-F came into force on 29 September 2012.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.imo.org/ourwork/humanelement/pages/stcw-f-convention.aspx STCW-F Convention], imo.org.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> * [http://www.imo.org/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/International-Convention-on-Standards-of-Training,-Certification-and-Watchkeeping-for-Seafarers-%28STCW%29.aspx IMO] information regarding STCW<br /> * [http://www.uscg.mil/STCW/ US Coast Guard] information regarding STCW<br /> <br /> {{Ports and harbors}}<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;!-- comment to force linebreak --&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:Admiralty law treaties]]<br /> [[Category:International Maritime Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1978]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1984]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zaire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Derg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:1978 in London]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Bermuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Gibraltar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to British Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Macau]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Singapore_Treaty_on_the_Law_of_Trademarks 2016-07-05T23:59:18Z

<p>Good Olfactory: update to correct number</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks<br /> | long_name = <br /> | image =Parties to the Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks.svg<br /> | image_width =240<br /> | caption ={{legend|#00aa00|Parties}}<br /> {{legend|#eeee00|Signed, but not ratified}}<br /> {{legend|#ff1111|Parties, convention not in force}}<br /> | type =<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = 27 March 2006<br /> | location_signed = Singapore<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 16 March 2009<br /> | condition_effective = 10 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = 59<br /> | parties = 45<br /> | ratifiers = <br /> | depositor = Director-General of the World Intellectual Property Organization<br /> | language = <br /> | languages = English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks''' was adopted in [[Singapore]] on March 27, 2006.&lt;ref&gt;WIPO, [http://www.wipo.int/edocs/prdocs/en/2006/wipo_pr_2006_442.html Negotiators adopt Singapore Treaty to facilitate international trademark registration''], Press Release 442, Geneva/Singapore, March 28, 2006.&lt;/ref&gt; It entered into force on March 16, 2009,&lt;ref&gt;WIPO, [http://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2008/article_0068.html ''Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks to Enter into Force in 2009''], PR/2008/581, Geneva, December 17, 2008.&lt;/ref&gt; following the ratification or accession of ten countries, namely [[Singapore]], [[Switzerland]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Romania]], [[Denmark]], [[Latvia]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[United States]], [[Moldova]], and [[Australia]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/singapore/ Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks] at the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO). Consulted on December 25, 2008.&lt;/ref&gt; The treaty establishes common standards for procedural aspects of [[trademark registration]] and [[licensing]].<br /> <br /> As of July 2016, there are 45 contracting parties to the treaty, which includes 43 states plus the [[African Intellectual Property Organization]] and the [[Benelux Organization for Intellectual Property]].&lt;ref&gt;[[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO), [http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults.jsp?lang=en&amp;treaty_id=30 Contracting Parties&gt;Singapore Treaty] (as of January 8, 2014).&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/singapore/ Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks] in the [[WIPO Lex]] database — official website of [[WIPO]].<br /> ** The full text of the [http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/treaties/text.jsp?file_id=290019 Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks]{{ref-en}} <br /> {{Trademark law}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2006]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2009]]<br /> [[Category:Trademark legislation]]<br /> [[Category:World Intellectual Property Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:2006 in Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the African Intellectual Property Organization]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the Benelux Organization for Intellectual Property]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{international-law-stub}}</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/International_Convention_against_Doping_in_Sport 2016-06-30T04:48:53Z

<p>Good Olfactory: add CAR</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = International Convention against Doping in Sport<br /> | long_name =<br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption = <br /> | type = [[Doping in sport]]<br /> | date_drafted = 19 October 2005<br /> | date_signed = 19 October 2005<br /> | location_signed = [[Paris]], [[France]]<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 1 February 2007<br /> | condition_effective = 30 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories =<br /> | parties = 183&lt;ref name = ratification&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/eri/la/convention.asp?KO=31037&amp;language=E Ratifications].&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | depositor = Director-General of [[UNESCO]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = Arabic, English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''International Convention against Doping in Sport''' is a [[Multilateral treaty|multilateral]] [[UNESCO]] [[treaty]] by which states agree to adopt national measures to prevent and eliminate [[doping in sport|drug doping in sport]].<br /> <br /> ==Content==<br /> States that agree to the Convention align their domestic rules with the World Anti-Doping Code, which is promulgated by the [[World Anti-Doping Agency]]. This includes facilitating doping controls and supporting national [[Drug test|testing programmes]]; encouraging the establishment of &quot;best practice&quot; in the labelling, marketing, and distribution of products that might contain prohibited substances; withholding financial support from those who engage in or support doping; taking measures against manufacturing and trafficking; encouraging the establishment of codes of conduct for professions relating to sport and anti-doping; and funding education and research on drugs in sport.<br /> <br /> ==Creation and state parties==<br /> The Convention was adopted at the General Conference of UNESCO in [[Paris]] on 19 October 2005. It entered into force on 1 February 2007 after it had been ratified by 30 state parties. As of July 2016, the Convention has been ratified by 183 states, which includes 181 [[UN member states]] plus the [[Cook Islands]] and [[State of Palestine]].&lt;ref name = ratification/&gt; The following 12 UN members are states that are ''not'' parties to the Convention:<br /> {{columns-list|3|<br /> *{{flag|Afghanistan}}<br /> *{{flag|East Timor}}<br /> *{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br /> *{{flag|Laos}}<br /> *{{flag|Lebanon}}<br /> *{{flag|Liechtenstein}}<br /> *{{flag|Mauritania}}<br /> *{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br /> *{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br /> *{{flag|South Sudan}}<br /> *{{flag|Tanzania}}<br /> *{{flag|Yemen}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=31037&amp;URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&amp;URL_SECTION=201.html Text].<br /> *[http://www.unesco.org/eri/la/convention.asp?KO=31037&amp;language=E&amp;order=alpha Ratifications (alphabetical)]<br /> *[http://www.unesco.org/eri/la/convention.asp?KO=31037&amp;language=E Ratifications (by date)].<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Doping in Sport, International Convention against}}<br /> [[Category:Doping in sport|International Convention against Doping in Sport]]<br /> [[Category:Drugs in sport|International Convention against Doping in Sport]]<br /> [[Category:Drug control treaties|International Convention against Doping in Sport]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2005|International Convention against Doping in Sport]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2007|International Convention against Doping in Sport]]<br /> [[Category:UNESCO treaties|International Convention against Doping in Sport]]<br /> [[Category:2005 in France|International Convention against Doping in Sport]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palestine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Guernsey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Bermuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Macau]]<br /> [[Category:Sports treaties]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Protocol_to_the_Convention_on_International_Interests_in_Mobile_Equipment_on_Matters_specific_to_Aircraft_Equipment 2016-06-20T03:59:25Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT[[Cape Town Treaty#Protocols]]<br /> {{R to section}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Cape Town Treaty Aircraft Protocol}}<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2001]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2006]]<br /> [[Category:UNIDROIT treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Aviation agreements]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Safety_and_Health_in_Construction_Convention,_1988 2016-06-15T03:23:46Z

<p>Good Olfactory: add belgium</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox International Labour Organization convention<br /> |code= C167<br /> |name= Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988<br /> |adopt= June 20, 1988<br /> |force= January 11, 1991<br /> |classify= Construction <br /> |subject= Occupational Safety and Health <br /> |prev= [[Repatriation of Seafarers Convention (Revised), 1987]]<br /> |next= [[Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention, 1988]]<br /> |shelved=<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988''' is an [[International Labour Organization]] [[International Labour Organization#International Labour Conference|Convention]].<br /> <br /> It was established in 1988, with the preamble stating:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to safety and health in construction,...&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> == Ratifications ==<br /> As of June 2016, the convention had been ratified by 30 states.<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *[http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312312:NO Text]<br /> *[http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:11300:0::NO:11300:P11300_INSTRUMENT_ID:312312 Ratifications].<br /> <br /> [[Category:Health treaties]]<br /> [[Category:International Labour Organization conventions]]<br /> [[Category:Occupational safety and health treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1991]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1988]]<br /> [[Category:Construction law]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:1988 in labour relations]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{International-law-stub}}</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Articles_of_Agreement_of_the_International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development 2016-05-19T02:31:04Z

<p>Good Olfactory: add Nauru</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT[[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]]<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Agreement}}<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1944]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1945]]<br /> [[Category:1944 in New Hampshire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vargas-era Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–70)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of China (1912–49)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ethiopian Empire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Provisional Government of the French Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of British India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Pahlavi dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kosovo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Libya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federation of Malaya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominion of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Commonwealth of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Estado Novo (Portugal)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Somali Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Union of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominion of Ceylon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1956–69)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Syrian Republic (1930–58)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Timor]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanganyika]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:International development treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/ATP_(treaty) 2016-05-18T02:06:12Z

<p>Good Olfactory: 50 now</p> <hr /> <div>'''ATP''' (formally, the '''Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be used for such Carriage (ATP)''') is a 1970 [[United Nations]] [[multilateral treaty|treaty]] that establishes standards for the international [[Food distribution|transport]] of [[perishable food]] between the states that ratify the treaty. It has been updated through amendment a number of times and as of 2016 has 50 state parties, most of which are in Europe or Central Asia. It is open to ratification by states that are members of the [[United Nations Economic Commission for Europe]] (UNECE) and states that otherwise participate in UNECE activities. &quot;ATP&quot; is derived from the French name of the treaty: '''''A'''ccord relatif aux '''t'''ransports internationaux de denrées '''p'''érissables et aux engins spéciaux à utiliser pour ces transports''.<br /> <br /> ATP was concluded in [[Geneva]] on 1 September 1970 under the aegis of the UNECE. It was signed by [[Austria]], [[West Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Netherlands]], [[Portugal]], and [[Switzerland]]. The treaty entered into force on 21 November 1976 after it had been ratified by five states. ATP was intended to replace the Agreement on Special Equipment for the Transport of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Use of such Equipment for the International Transport of some of those Foodstuffs, which was concluded in 1962 but never received enough ratifications to enter into force.&lt;ref&gt;As of 2016, the 1962 Agreement has been ratified by [[France]], [[Montenegro]], [[Serbia]], and [[Spain]]. At the time ATP was created, it had only been ratified by France, Spain, and [[Yugoslavia]].&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ATP mandates that certain types of equipment be used to transport perishable food across borders and that such equipment will be regularly inspected. (For instance, equipment may need to be [[refrigeration|refrigerated]], heated, or [[Thermal insulation|insulated]].) ATP applies to transport by road and by rail, but it does not apply to transport within the borders of a single country.<br /> <br /> As of 2016, the following 50 states are party to ATP:<br /> {{Columns-list|3|<br /> *{{flag|Albania}}<br /> *{{flag|Andorra}}<br /> *{{flag|Austria}}<br /> *{{flag|Azerbaijan}}<br /> *{{flag|Belarus}}<br /> *{{flag|Belgium}}<br /> *{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br /> *{{flag|Bulgaria}}<br /> *{{flag|Croatia}}<br /> *{{flag|Czech Republic}}<br /> *{{flag|Denmark}}<br /> *{{flag|Estonia}}<br /> *{{flag|Finland}}<br /> *{{flag|France}}<br /> *{{flag|Georgia}}<br /> *{{flag|Germany}}<br /> *{{flag|Greece}}<br /> *{{flag|Hungary}}<br /> *{{flag|Ireland}}<br /> *{{flag|Italy}}<br /> *{{flag|Kazakhstan}}<br /> *{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}<br /> *{{flag|Latvia}}<br /> *{{flag|Lithuania}}<br /> *{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br /> *{{flag|Republic of Macedonia}}<br /> *{{flag|Moldova}}<br /> *{{flag|Monaco}}<br /> *{{flag|Montenegro}}<br /> *{{flag|Morocco}}<br /> *{{flag|Netherlands}}<br /> *{{flag|Norway}}<br /> *{{flag|Poland}}<br /> *{{flag|Portugal}}<br /> *{{flag|Romania}}<br /> *{{flag|Russia}}<br /> *{{flag|San Marino}}<br /> *{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}<br /> *{{flag|Serbia}}<br /> *{{flag|Slovakia}}<br /> *{{flag|Slovenia}}<br /> *{{flag|Spain}}<br /> *{{flag|Sweden}}<br /> *{{flag|Tajikistan}}<br /> *{{flag|Tunisia}}<br /> *{{flag|Turkey}}<br /> *{{flag|Ukraine}}<br /> *{{flag|United Kingdom}}<br /> *{{flag|United States}}<br /> *{{flag|Uzbekistan}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Former state parties are [[Czechoslovakia]], [[East Germany]], and [[Yugoslavia]]. Russia ratified as the [[Soviet Union]] and Serbia ratified as the [[Serbia and Montenegro|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]. Switzerland signed the agreement but has not ratified it.<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp11/wp11fdoc/Ch_XI_B_22p.pdf Text of original 1970 treaty]<br /> *[http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp11/wp11doc/ATP-2013_e.pdf Text of amended treaty as of 23 September 2013]<br /> *[http://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XI-B-22&amp;chapter=11&amp;lang=en Signatures and ratifications]<br /> *[http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp11/wp11fdoc/Handbook-2012e.pdf 2012 ATP Handbook]<br /> *[http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp11/teststations.pdf ATP testing stations and competent national authorities]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1970 in Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Food safety]]<br /> [[Category:Food treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Transport treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1970]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1976]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:United Nations Economic Commission for Europe treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:1970 in transport]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Employment_Policy_Convention,_1964 2016-05-10T03:47:12Z

<p>Good Olfactory: Category:Treaties of Mali</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox International Labour Organization convention<br /> |code= C122<br /> |name= Employment Policy Convention, 1964<br /> |adopt= 9 July 1964<br /> |force= 15 July 1966<br /> |classify= Employment Policy<br /> |subject= Employment policy and Promotion<br /> |prev= [[Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964]]<br /> |next= [[Minimum Age (Underground Work) Convention, 1965]]<br /> |shelved=<br /> }}<br /> '''Employment Policy Convention, 1964''' is an [[International Labour Organization]] convention.<br /> <br /> It was established in 1964, with the preamble stating:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;Considering that the [[Declaration of Philadelphia]] recognises the solemn obligation of the International Labour Organisation to further among the nations of the world programmes which will achieve [[full employment]] and the raising of standards of living, and that the Preamble to the Constitution of the International Labour Organisation provides for the prevention of unemployment and the provision of an adequate living wage,...&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> == Ratifications==<br /> As of May 2016, the convention has been ratified by 111 states.<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *[http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_ILO_CODE:C122 Text].<br /> *[http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:11300:0::NO:11300:P11300_INSTRUMENT_ID:312267 Ratifications]<br /> <br /> [[Category:International Labour Organization conventions]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1964]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1966]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Khmer Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Pahlavi dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Territory of Papua and New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Norfolk Island]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to French Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to French Somaliland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to French Polynesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to New Caledonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Guernsey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:1964 in labour relations]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Constitution_of_the_International_Labour_Organization 2016-04-05T05:21:20Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Tonga using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT[[International Labour Organization]]<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:International Labour Organization Constitution}}<br /> [[Category:Treaty of Versailles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1919]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1920]]<br /> [[Category:International Labour Organization conventions|*Constitution]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Principality of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the First Austrian Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the First Brazilian Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–70)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of China (1912–49)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ethiopian Empire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the French Third Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Weimar Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of British India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Qajar dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Irish Free State]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Empire of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Libya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominion of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Second Polish Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Portuguese First Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Somali Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Union of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain under the Restoration]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominion of Ceylon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1956–69)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Syrian Republic (1930–58)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Timor]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom (1801–1922)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanganyika]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Joint_Convention_on_the_Safety_of_Spent_Fuel_Management_and_on_the_Safety_of_Radioactive_Waste_Management 2016-03-03T02:27:16Z

<p>Good Olfactory: update</p> <hr /> <div>The '''Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management''' is a 1997 [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] (IAEA) [[multilateral treaty|treaty]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citation | title = IAEA Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management, INFCIRC/546 | url = http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Infcircs/1997/infcirc546.pdf | date = 24 December 1997}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is the first treaty to address [[radioactive waste]] [[High-level radioactive waste management|management]] on a global scale.<br /> <br /> ==Content==<br /> The states that ratify the Convention agree to be governed by the Convention's provisions on the storage of nuclear waste, including transport and the location, design, and operation of storage facilities. <br /> <br /> The Convention implements meetings of the state parties that review the states' implementation of the Convention. The Fourth Review Meeting was held in 2012. A summary report from the meeting, and links to the national reports from the participating countries, is available on the IAEA website.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title = Results of Review Meetings | url = http://www-ns.iaea.org/conventions/results-meetings.asp?s=6&amp;l=40 | date = 29 May 2014 | accessdate = 7 June 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Creation and state parties==<br /> The Convention was concluded in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]], on 29 September 1997 and entered into force on 18 June 2001.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title = IAEA International Conventions and Legal Agreements | url = http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Conventions/jointconv.html | date = | accessdate = 7 June 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was signed by 42 states. As of March 2016, it has 71 state parties plus the [[European Atomic Energy Community]]. [[Lebanon]], and the [[Philippines]] have signed the Convention but have not ratified it.<br /> <br /> The following are the parties to the Convention. States in bold have at least one nuclear power plant in operation.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation | title = IAEA Joint Convention status | url = http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Conventions/jointconv_status.pdf | date = | accessdate = 7 June 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> {{columns-list|3|<br /> *{{flag|Albania}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Argentina}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Armenia}}<br /> *{{flag|Australia}}<br /> *{{flag|Austria}}<br /> *{{flag|Belarus}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Belgium}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br /> *{{flag|Botswana}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Brazil}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Bulgaria}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Canada}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Chile}}<br /> *'''{{flag|China}}''' (extended to {{flag|Hong Kong}})<br /> *{{flag|Croatia}}<br /> *{{flag|Cyprus}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Czech Republic}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Denmark}}<br /> *{{flag|Estonia}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Finland}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|France}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Gabon}}<br /> *{{flag|Georgia}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Germany}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Ghana}}<br /> *{{flag|Greece}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Hungary}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Iceland}}<br /> *{{flag|Indonesia}}<br /> *{{flag|Ireland}}<br /> *{{flag|Italy}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Japan}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Kazakhstan}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|South Korea}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}<br /> *{{flag|Latvia}}<br /> *{{flag|Lebanon}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Lithuania}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br /> *{{flag|Macedonia}}<br /> *{{flag|Malta}}<br /> *{{flag|Mauritania}}<br /> *{{flag|Mauritius}}<br /> *{{flag|Moldova}}<br /> *{{flag|Montenegro}}<br /> *{{flag|Morocco}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Netherlands}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Nigeria}}<br /> *{{flag|Norway}}<br /> *{{flag|Oman}}<br /> *{{flag|Peru}}<br /> *{{flag|Poland}}<br /> *{{flag|Portugal}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Romania}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Russia}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}<br /> *{{flag|Senegal}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Slovakia}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Slovenia}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|South Africa}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Spain}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Sweden}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|Switzerland}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Tajikistan}}<br /> *'''{{flag|Ukraine}}'''<br /> *{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}<br /> *'''{{flag|United Kingdom}}'''<br /> *'''{{flag|United States}}'''<br /> *{{flag|Uruguay}}<br /> *{{flag|Uzbekistan}}<br /> *{{flag|Vietnam}}<br /> *'''{{flagicon|European Union}} [[European Atomic Energy Community]]'''<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1997 in Austria]]<br /> [[Category:2001 in the environment]]<br /> [[Category:International Atomic Energy Agency treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Radioactive waste]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1997]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2001]]<br /> [[Category:Waste treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Atomic Energy Community]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Protocol_for_the_Suppression_of_Unlawful_Acts_against_the_Safety_of_Fixed_Platforms_Located_on_the_Continental_Shelf 2016-02-22T03:18:25Z

<p>Good Olfactory: /* External links */ update</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf<br /> | long_name = <br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption = <br /> | type = Anti-[[terrorism]], [[international criminal law]], [[admiralty law]]<br /> | date_drafted = <br /> | date_signed = 10 March 1988<br /> | location_signed = [[Rome]], [[Italy]]<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 1 March 1992<br /> | condition_effective = three ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = <br /> | parties = 155<br /> | depositor = Secretary-General of the [[International Maritime Organization]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = Arabic, English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf''' (SUA PROT) is a [[multilateral treaty]] by which states agree to prohibit and punish behaviour which may threaten the safety of offshore [[fixed platform]]s, including [[oil platform]]s.<br /> <br /> ==Content==<br /> The Protocol was concluded at the same time as the [[Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation]] (SUA Convention) and like it is based on the [[Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft]].<br /> <br /> The Protocol [[criminalization|criminalises]] the following behaviour:<br /> #Seizing control of a fixed platform by force or threat of force;<br /> #committing an act of violence against a person on a fixed platform if it is likely to endanger the safety of the platform;<br /> #destroying a fixed platform or damaging it in such a way that endangers its safety;<br /> #placing or causing to be placed on a fixed platform a device or substance which is likely to destroy or cause damage to the ship or its cargo;<br /> #injuring or killing anyone while committing 1–4;<br /> #attempting any of 1–5;<br /> #being an accomplice to any of 1–6; and<br /> #compelling another through threats to commit any of 1–7.<br /> <br /> The Protocol sets out the principle of ''[[aut dedere aut judicare]]''—that a state party to the treaty must either (1) prosecute a person who commits one of the offences or (2) send the individual to another state that requests his or her [[extradition]] for prosecution of the same crime.<br /> <br /> ==Creation and entry into force==<br /> The Protocol was adopted by the International Conference on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation at [[Rome]] on 10 March 1988. Formally, it is a Protocol that is supplementary to the SUA Convention and could not have come into force before the SUA Convention. It came into force on 1 March 1992 on the same date that the SUA Convention came into force.<br /> <br /> ==State parties==<br /> As of August 2015, the Convention has 155 state parties, which includes 154 [[UN member states]] plus [[Niue]].<br /> <br /> The following are the 39 UN member states that are ''not'' party to the Convention. An asterisk beside the state indicates that the state is not a [[landlocked country]] and thus has maritime coastline.<br /> <br /> {{Columns-list|3|<br /> *{{flag|Angola}}*<br /> *{{flag|Belize}}*<br /> *{{flag|Bhutan}}<br /> *{{flag|Burundi}}<br /> *{{flag|Cameroon}}*<br /> *{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br /> *{{flag|Chad}}<br /> *{{flag|Colombia}}*<br /> *{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}*<br /> *{{flag|East Timor}}*<br /> *{{flag|Eritrea}}*<br /> *{{flag|Ethiopia}}<br /> *{{flag|Gabon}}*<br /> *{{flag|Gambia}}*<br /> *{{flag|Haiti}}*<br /> *{{flag|Indonesia}}*<br /> *{{flag|Iraq}}*<br /> *{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}<br /> *{{flag|Malaysia}}*<br /> *{{flag|Federated States of Micronesia}}*<br /> *{{flag|Nepal}}<br /> *{{flag|North Korea}}*<br /> *{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}*<br /> *{{flag|Rwanda}}<br /> *{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}*<br /> *{{flag|Samoa}}*<br /> *{{flag|Sierra Leone}}*<br /> *{{flag|Solomon Islands}}*<br /> *{{flag|Somalia}}*<br /> *{{flag|South Sudan}}<br /> *{{flag|Sri Lanka}}*<br /> *{{flag|Suriname}}*<br /> *{{flag|Tanzania}}*<br /> *{{flag|Thailand}}*<br /> *{{flag|Tuvalu}}*<br /> *{{flag|Uganda}}<br /> *{{flag|Venezuela}}*<br /> *{{flag|Zambia}}<br /> *{{flag|Zimbabwe}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Of these 39 states, Iraq has signed the Protocol.<br /> <br /> ==2005 Protocol==<br /> In [[London]] on 14 October 2005, a supplementary Protocol to SUA PROT was concluded. The full name of the 2005 Protocol is the '''Protocol of 2005 to the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf''' and is often abbreviated as &quot;SUA PROT 2005&quot;. The 2005 Protocol adds provisions which criminalises the use of fixed platforms to discharge [[biological weapon|biological]], [[chemical weapon|chemical]], or [[nuclear weapon]]s. It also prohibits ships from discharging [[oil]], [[liquefied natural gas]], [[radioactivity|radioactive]] materials, or other hazardous or noxious substances in quantities or concentrations that are likely to cause death or serious injury or damage. It also prohibits the use of such weapons or substances against fixed platforms.<br /> <br /> The Protocol came into force on 28 July 2010 and as of February 2016 has been ratified by 35 states.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.un.org/en/sc/ctc/docs/conventions/Conv9.pdf Text].<br /> *[http://www.imo.org/en/About/Conventions/StatusOfConventions/Documents/Status%20-%202016.pdf Signatures and ratifications].<br /> *[http://cil.nus.edu.sg/rp/il/pdf/2005%20Protocol%20for%20the%20Suppression%20of%20Unlawful%20Acts%20against%20the%20Safety%20of%20Fixed%20Platforms-pdf.pdf Text, incorporating the 2005 Protocol].<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Safety of Fixed Platforms Protocol}}<br /> [[Category:Admiralty law treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Terrorism treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Oil platforms|Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf]]<br /> [[Category:1988 in Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1988]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1992]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Afghan Transitional Administration]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:International Maritime Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Caribbean Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Convention_for_the_Suppression_of_Unlawful_Acts_against_the_Safety_of_Maritime_Navigation 2016-02-22T03:15:26Z

<p>Good Olfactory: /* 2005 Protocol */ 40</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation<br /> | long_name =<br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption =<br /> | type = [[Admiralty law]], [[International criminal law]], anti-terrorism<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = 10 March 1988<br /> | location_signed = Rome, Italy<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 1 March 1992<br /> | condition_effective = 15 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories =<br /> | parties = 166<br /> | depositor = Secretary-General of the [[International Maritime Organization]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = Arabic, English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation''' (SUA) or '''Sua Act''' is a [[multilateral treaty]] by which states agree to prohibit and punish behaviour which may threaten the safety of maritime navigation.<br /> <br /> ==Content==<br /> The Convention is based upon the 1971 [[Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation]] and the [[Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft]] and criminalises similar behaviour in the context of maritime navigation.<br /> <br /> The Convention [[criminalization|criminalises]] the following behaviour:<br /> #Seizing control of a ship by force or threat of force;<br /> #committing an act of violence against a person on ship if it is likely to endanger the safety of the ship;<br /> #destroying or damaging a ship or its cargo in such a way that endangers the safe navigation of the ship;<br /> #placing or causing to be placed on a ship a device or substance which is likely to destroy or cause damage to the ship or its cargo;<br /> #destroying or damaging a ship's navigation facilities or interfering with their operation if it is likely to endanger the safety of the ship;<br /> #communicating information which is known to be false, thereby endangering the safety of the navigation of a ship;<br /> #injuring or killing anyone while committing 1–6;<br /> #attempting any of 1–7;<br /> #being an accomplice to any of 1–8; and<br /> #compelling another through threats to commit any of 1–9.<br /> <br /> The Convention sets out the principle of ''[[aut dedere aut judicare]]''—that a state party to the treaty must either (1) prosecute a person who commits one of the offences or (2) send the individual to another state that requests his or her [[extradition]] for prosecution of the same crime.<br /> <br /> The Convention does not apply to:<br /> #A warship; or<br /> #a ship owned or operated by a State when being used as a naval auxiliary or for customs or police purposes; or<br /> #a ship which has been withdrawn from navigation or laid up.<br /> <br /> Nothing in the convention affects the immunities of warships and other government ships operated for non-commercial purposes.<br /> <br /> ==Creation and entry into force==<br /> The Convention was adopted by the International Conference on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation at Rome on 10 March 1988. It came into force on 1 March 1992 after it had been ratified by 15 states.<br /> <br /> ==State parties==<br /> As of June 2015, the Convention has 166 state parties, which includes 164 [[UN member states]] plus the [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]]. The 166 states represent 94.5 per cent of the gross tonnage of the world's merchant fleet.<br /> <br /> The following are the 29 UN member states that are ''not'' party to the Convention. An asterisk beside the state indicates that the state is not a [[landlocked country]] and thus has maritime coastline.<br /> <br /> {{Columns-list|3|<br /> *{{flagu|Angola}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Belize}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Bhutan}}<br /> *{{flagu|Burundi}}<br /> *{{flagu|Cameroon}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Central African Republic}}<br /> *{{flagu|Chad}}<br /> *{{flagu|Colombia}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}*<br /> *{{flagu|East Timor}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Eritrea}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Gabon}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Haiti}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Indonesia}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Kyrgyzstan}}<br /> *{{flagu|Malaysia}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Nepal}}<br /> *{{flagu|North Korea}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Papua New Guinea}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Rwanda}}<br /> *{{flagu|Sierra Leone}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Solomon Islands}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Somalia}}*<br /> *{{flagu|South Sudan}}<br /> *{{flagu|Suriname}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Thailand}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Venezuela}}*<br /> *{{flagu|Zambia}}<br /> *{{flagu|Zimbabwe}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> None of the 29 non-member states has signed SUA.<br /> <br /> ==SUA Protocol==<br /> The [[Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf]] (SUA PROT) was concluded at the same time as SUA. The Protocol came into force at the same time as SUA. SUA PROT is a supplementary convention to SUA.<br /> <br /> ==2005 Protocol==<br /> In London on 14 October 2005, a second supplementary Protocol to SUA was concluded. The full name of the Protocol is the '''Protocol of 2005 to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation''' and is often abbreviated as &quot;SUA 2005&quot;. The 2005 Protocol adds provisions which criminalises the use of ships to transfer or discharge [[biological weapon|biological]], [[chemical weapon|chemical]], or [[nuclear weapon]]s. (However, the Protocol specifies that transporting nuclear materials is not an offence if it is transported to or from the territory or under the control of a state party to the [[Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons]].) It also prohibits ships from discharging oil, [[liquefied natural gas]], [[radioactivity|radioactive]] materials, or other hazardous or noxious substances in quantities or concentrations that are likely to cause death or serious injury or damage. Finally, it prohibits the use of such weapons or substances against ships involved in maritime navigation.<br /> <br /> The 2005 Protocol came into force on 28 July 2010 and as of February 2016 has been ratified by 40 states.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.un.org/en/sc/ctc/docs/conventions/Conv8.pdf Text].<br /> *[http://www.imo.org/About/Conventions/StatusOfConventions/Documents/Status%20-%202013.pdf Signatures and ratifications].<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Safety of Maritime Navigation Convention}}<br /> [[Category:Admiralty law treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Terrorism treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1988]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1992]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Afghan Transitional Administration]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Cook Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niue]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:1988 in Italy]]<br /> [[Category:International Maritime Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Caribbean Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Madrid_Protocol 2016-02-22T02:59:42Z

<p>Good Olfactory: +Category:Treaties of Laos; +Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#redirect [[Madrid system]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:World Intellectual Property Organization treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1989]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1995]]<br /> [[Category:1989 in Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the African Intellectual Property Organization]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Information_Technology_Agreement 2016-02-22T02:48:05Z

<p>Good Olfactory: +Category:Treaties entered into by the European Union; +Category:Treaties of Taiwan; +Category:Treaties of Hong Kong; +Category:Treaties of Macau using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Information Technology Agreement<br /> | long_name =<br /> | image =<br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption =<br /> | type =<br /> | date_drafted =<br /> | date_signed = &lt;!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --&gt;<br /> | location_signed =<br /> | date_sealed = <br /> | date_effective = 1 July 1997<br /> | condition_effective =<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories =<br /> | parties =<br /> | ratifiers =<br /> | depositor = [[World Trade Organisation]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> [[Image:Information Technology Agreement.png|thumb|right|350px|Information Technology Agreement parties&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_E/inftec_e/itscheds_e.htm INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: SCHEDULES OF CONCESSIONS]&lt;/ref&gt;]]<br /> <br /> The '''Information Technology Agreement''' (''ITA'') is an agreement enforced by the [[World Trade Organization]] (WTO) and concluded in the ''Ministerial Declaration on Trade in Information Technology Products'' in 1996, and entered into force 1 July 1997. Since 1997 a formal Committee under the WTO watches over the following of the Declaration and its Implementations.&lt;ref name=&quot;intro&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_E/inftec_e/itaintro_e.htm |title=Information Technology Agreement — introduction |publisher=World Trade Organization |accessdate=4 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The aim of the treaty is to lower all [[taxes]] and [[tariffs]] on [[information technology]] products by signatories to zero.&lt;ref name=&quot;intro&quot;/&gt;<br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{Citation | url = http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_E/inftec_e/inftec_e.htm | title = Information Technology Agreement | publisher = WTO}}.<br /> * {{Citation | url = http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_E/inftec_e/itscheds_e.htm | title = ITA Schedules of Concessions | publisher = WTO}}.<br /> * {{cite web |url= http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/itadec_e.pdf |title= Ministerial Declaration on Trade in Information Technology Products | date = 13 December 1996 | publisher = World Trade Organization | location = Singapore | format=PDF | accessdate = 4 August 2010 | type = text of the declaration}}<br /> * {{cite web |url= http://docsonline.wto.org/imrd/gen_searchResult.asp?RN=0&amp;searchtype=browse&amp;q1=%28+%40meta%5FSymbol+G%FCL%FC160+or+G%FCL%FC160%FC%2A+%29+&amp;language=1 | title =Council for Trade in Goods &amp;ndash; Implementation of the Ministerial Declaration on Trade in Information Technology Products | date=2 April 1997; 5 May 1997; 17 September 1997 |work= World Trade G/L/160 doc#97-1356; G/L/160/Add.1 doc#97-1935; G/L/160/Add.2 doc#97-3676 |publisher = World Trade Organization |format = WPF.ZIP or WPF.EXE |accessdate=4 August 2010 | type = text of the implementation with two &quot;Note[s] by the Secretariat&quot;}}<br /> <br /> {{World Trade Organization}}<br /> [[Category:World Trade Organization agreements]]<br /> [[Category:Information technology]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1997]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1996]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Taiwan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hong Kong]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Macau]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Constitution_of_the_United_Nations_Industrial_Development_Organization 2016-02-18T07:39:12Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Kiribati using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT[[United Nations Industrial Development Organization]]<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:United Nations Industrial Development Organization Constitution}}<br /> [[Category:United Nations treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1979]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1985]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zaire]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Derg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Somali Democratic Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Timor]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:International development treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations]]<br /> [[Category:1979 in Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to West Berlin]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Protocol_against_the_Illicit_Manufacturing_of_and_Trafficking_in_Firearms 2015-11-06T04:00:21Z

<p>Good Olfactory: update for ROC ratification</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox treaty<br /> | name = Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime<br /> | long_name = <br /> | image = <br /> | image_width =<br /> | caption = <br /> | type = [[Organized crime]]; [[international criminal law]]<br /> | date_drafted = 31 May 2001<br /> | date_signed = 11 July 2001&lt;ref&gt;[[Brazil]] and [[Mali]] were the first states to sign the Protocol.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | location_signed = [[New York City|New York]], [[United States]]<br /> | date_sealed =<br /> | date_effective = 3 July 2005<br /> | condition_effective = 40 ratifications<br /> | date_expiration =<br /> | signatories = 52<br /> | parties = 114<br /> | depositor = [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]]<br /> | language =<br /> | languages = Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish<br /> | website =<br /> | wikisource =<br /> }}<br /> The '''Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition''' (Firearms Protocol) is a [[treaty]] on anti-[[arms trafficking]] including [[Small Arms and Light Weapons]] that is supplemental to the [[Convention against Transnational Organized Crime]]. It is one of the so-called [[Palermo protocols]].<br /> <br /> The Protocol was adopted by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] as Resolution 55/255 on 31 May 2001; the treaty entered into force on 3 July 2005. It was signed by 52 parties and as of November 2015 it has 114 parties, including 113 states and the [[European Union]].&lt;ref name = ratifications&gt;[http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-c&amp;chapter=18&amp;lang=en Signatures and ratifications].&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The states that have signed the protocol but have not yet ratified it are [[Australia]], [[Canada]], [[China]], [[Germany]], [[Iceland]], [[Japan]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Monaco]], [[Seychelles]], and [[United Kingdom]].&lt;ref name = ratifications/&gt; Three of the top four arms manufacturers in the world—the [[United States]], [[Russia]], and [[France]]—did not sign the protocol.<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/firearms-protocol/firearmsprotocol.html Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime] at the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) website<br /> *[http://www.unodc.org/unodc/treaties/CTOC/ United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto], official website, unodc.org<br /> *[http://treaties.un.org/doc/source/RecentTexts/18-12_c_E.pdf Text], un.org.<br /> *[http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-c&amp;chapter=18&amp;lang=en Signatures and ratifications], un.org.<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Trafficking in Firearms Convention}}<br /> [[Category:United Nations treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 2001|Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 2005|Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms]]<br /> [[Category:Arms trafficking treaties|Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms]]<br /> [[Category:Firearm laws]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Benin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ethiopia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Hungary]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iraq]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mongolia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Poland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:2001 in New York]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties adopted by United Nations General Assembly resolutions]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into by the European Union]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_military_personnel 2015-10-20T04:38:01Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Asian military personnel using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>{{popcat}}<br /> [[Category:Kazakhstani people by occupation|Military]]<br /> [[Category:Military personnel by nation]]<br /> [[Category:Military of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Asian military personnel]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Convention_on_the_Settlement_of_Investment_Disputes_between_States_and_Nationals_of_Other_States 2015-09-23T03:10:27Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Canada using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT [[International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes]]<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States Convention}}<br /> [[Category:Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations]]<br /> [[Category:1965 in Washington, D.C.]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1965]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1966]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belarus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bulgaria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1964–71)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malta]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Somali Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of San Marino]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Timor]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yemen]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kosovo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Guernsey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to West Berlin]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Articles_of_Agreement_of_the_International_Development_Association 2015-09-23T03:00:30Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Treaties of Romania using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT[[International Development Association]]<br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:International Development Association Articles of Agreement}}<br /> [[Category:1960 in Washington, D.C.]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties concluded in 1960]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1960]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations]]<br /> [[Category:International development treaties]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Afghanistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Albania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Australia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Austria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Belize]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Second Brazilian Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Burundi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Khmer Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Canada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chad]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Chile]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of China (1949–71)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Comoros]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ivory Coast]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Finland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of France]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of India]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Pahlavi dynasty]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Iraqi Republic (1958–68)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Israel]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Italy]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Japan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kosovo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Laos]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Libya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federation of Malaya]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mali]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Mozambique]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Niger]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Norway]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Oman]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Palau]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Panama]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Peru]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Romania]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Russia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Somali Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Union of South Africa]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of South Sudan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Dominion of Ceylon]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1956–69)]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Swaziland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Syria]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of East Timor]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Togo]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uganda]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Tanganyika]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> [[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Municipal_coats_of_arms_in_Kazakhstan 2015-09-04T00:19:07Z

<p>Good Olfactory: +Category:Populated places in Kazakhstan; ±Category:Kazakhstan→Category:Kazakhstani culture using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>[[Category:Municipal coats of arms|Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Kazakhstani culture]]<br /> [[Category:Populated places in Kazakhstan]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Coats_of_arms_with_the_hammer_and_sickle 2015-03-31T23:27:23Z

<p>Good Olfactory: ←Created page with 'Hammer and sickle *Hammer and sickle Category:Coats of arms with sickles|*Hammer a...'</p> <hr /> <div>[[Category:Coats of arms by charge|Hammer and sickle]]<br /> [[Category:Coats of arms with hammers|*Hammer and sickle]]<br /> [[Category:Coats of arms with sickles|*Hammer and sickle]]<br /> [[Category:Hammer and sickle]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Moldavian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic 2015-03-31T05:57:49Z

<p>Good Olfactory: +Category:Coats of arms with wheat; +Category:Coats of arms with sunrays; +Category:Coats of arms with suns; +Category:Coats of arms with the hammer and sickle using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>'''The coat of arms of the [[Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Moldavian ASSR]]''' was the official emblem of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Soviet Union, and underwent a number of changes over time.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> ===Mid-1920s===<br /> The first coat of arms was adopted in 1925, when the Congress of the Soviets of Ukraine approved on May 10 the Constitution of the Moldavian ASSR. Thus, in section VII, Article 48, the coat of arms was enacted as follows: -''&quot;the Moldavian ASSR has its flag and coat of arms, established by the Central Executive Committee and confirmed by the Moldavian Central Executive Committee of the whole Ukraine.&quot;''<br /> <br /> In the meeting of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Moldavian ASSR, held on 4 September 1925, was decided that the organizational department of the Committee should organize a contest for designing the coat of arms and state flag of the Moldavian ASSR. The projects were to be evaluated by a committee composed of representatives of the Central Executive Committee, of the Agitprop, of the Popular Commissariat of Education and of the Council of trade unions in Moldova. There were established some prizes worth 50 [[Russian ruble|ruble]] for the first place, 30 ruble for the second one and 20 ruble for third place.<br /> <br /> Because of the lack of surviving documents, the results of the contest and the proposed designs are not known. A description of the selected model (which hasn't been found drawn anywhere) is included in the letter from 21 July 1927 of the permanent representative of the Moldavian ASSR near the Government of the [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Ukrainian SSR]], Malcikov: ''&quot;from the outside, the coat of arms of the Moldavian ASSR shows a wreath of maize stalks and grapes, with a light blue interior over which is displayed a white label. The label contains the map of the Moldavian ASSR, united with [[Bessarabia]]. At the bottom of the map, in the center of the wreath, is rising a sun spreading shining rays. On the sun is represented a [[red star]]. The wreath is festooned all over with the slogan ''&quot;[[Workers of the world, unite!]]&quot;'', in three languages - [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] and [[Moldovan language|Moldavian]].&quot;'' These arms therefore contained [[irredentist]] symbolism.<br /> <br /> On 21 September 1925, the small Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Moldavian ASSR decided the following amendments:<br /> <br /> * Where the wreath arms join are to be written the letters &quot;USSR&quot;, the abbreviation of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in Russian<br /> * The slogan &quot;Workers of the world, unite!&quot; is to be arranged as follows: at the top end of ribbon, to the right and left - in Moldovan, in the middle, to the right and left - in Ukrainian and at the bottom - in Russian.<br /> * The star is to be located on the top of the coat of arms; the diameter of the star is to be smaller and its corners sharper.<br /> * The sun rays are to be prolonged to the end of the blue field<br /> * The proportion between maize and wheat ears is to be established, and leaves are to be painted so that they would look more like grape leaves.<br /> * The proportion between the territories of the Moldavian ASSR on left and the right banks of the [[Dniester river]] is to be established.<br /> * The part of the Moldavian ASSR on the left bank of the Dniester is to be colored in red, while the part on the right bank - in black with diagonal red lines<br /> * The letters along the territory are to be arranged so that on the right bank of the Dniester are the letters &quot;R.A.S.&quot;, and on the left bank - &quot;S.M.&quot;<br /> * The [[hammer and sickle]] must have the same shape as the one in the [[coat of arms of the Soviet Union]].<br /> <br /> The chosen coat of arms, together with the amendments above were approved by the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee on 19 October 1925. At the same time there was allocated a sum of 45 rubles for making the corrections, and, after 10 November, another 30 rubles for the execution of the drawings of the flag and coat of arms.<br /> <br /> The approval of the Central Executive Committee of Ukraine was long delayed. On 23 February 1926, the Regional Moldovan Office of the [[Ukrainian Communist Party]] ordered that the map of the Moldavian ASSR was to be removed entirely, and replaced with the hammer and sickle. However, on 2 November 1926 the same office ordered that the problem of removing the map should be look into by the Central Committee of the Party.<br /> <br /> In his letter from 1927, Malcikov explains the usefulness of keeping the map of the Moldavian ASSR including Bessarabia on the coat of arms and proposed other minor changes: instead of &quot;USSR&quot; should be written &quot;USRR&quot; (the abbreviation of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the Ukrainian language, instead of Russian), and on the map the names &quot;Moldavian ASSR&quot;, &quot;[[Odessa]]&quot;, &quot;[[Chişinău]]&quot; and &quot;Dniester&quot; should be written in the Ukrainian and Moldovan form, not the Russian one.<br /> <br /> It is not known which of the options was approved in the end. So far, no graphical representation of such a coat of arms has been found.<br /> <br /> [[File:Coat of Arms of Moldavian ASSR (1927-1938).png|thumb|right|Coat of arms of MASSR&lt;br/&gt;(1929 - 1938)]]<br /> ===Late 1920s / 1930s===<br /> In 1927 - 1929 a new coat of arms of the Moldavian ASSR was adopted, similar to the [[Emblem of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|emblem of the Ukrainian SSR]] between 1919 and 1929. The latter is described as: ''&quot;the coat of arms of the Ukrainian SSR consists of the golden hammer and sickle on a red background, in the rays of the sun, surrounded by a wreath of wheat ears and the inscription in Russian and Ukrainian: 1. ''R.S.S.U.'' and 2. ''Workers of the world, unite!''&quot;''. In the Moldavian version, R.S.S.U. was replaced by R.A.S.S.M. and the communist slogan was written in Ukrainian and Moldovan languages.<br /> <br /> ===Late 1930s===<br /> [[File:Coat of Arms of Moldavian ASSR (1938-1940).png|thumb|right|Coat of arms of MASSR&lt;br/&gt;(1938 - 1940)]]<br /> <br /> On 12 July 1936 the draft of the new Constitution of the Soviet Union appeared in the newspapers. It was approved locally by the VIIth extraordinary Congress of the soviets of the Moldavian ASSR, whose work started on 18 November 1936 at [[Tiraspol]]. The Congress established a committee that would elaborate the future Moldavian Constitution. On 5 December 1936 the Constitution of the Soviet Union became effective. A month later, the VIIth extraordinary Congress of the soviets of the Moldavian ASSR resumed its work and on 6 January 1937 adopted the new Constitution of the Moldavian ASSR.<br /> <br /> According to the Constitution, the coat of arms of the autonomous republic was supposed to coincide with the soviet socialist republic that it was part of. The only additions were the name of the Moldavian ASSR and the communist slogan ''&quot;Workers of the world, unite!&quot;'' in the Moldavian and Ukrainian languages on the ribbon. Chapter X of the new Constitution, entitled ''&quot;The coat of arms, the flag, the capital,&quot;'' stated in Article 111: ''&quot;The coat of arms of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is the coat of arms of the Ukrainian SSR, which is composed of a golden hammer and sickle on a red background in the rays of the sun, surrounded by wheat ears, with the inscriptions &quot;RSSU&quot; and &quot;Workers of the world, unite!&quot; in the Ukrainian and Moldavian languages, with the addition, under &quot;RSSU&quot; inscription, in smaller letters, of the inscription &quot;Moldavian ASSR&quot; in the Ukrainian and Moldavian languages.&quot;''<br /> <br /> This coat of arms ceased to be valid on the disbanding of the Moldavian ASSR, on 2 August 1940.<br /> <br /> ==Bibliography==<br /> <br /> * Silviu Andrieş-Tabac, ''Heraldica teritorială a Basarabiei şi Transnistriei'', Ed. Museum, Chişinău, 1998, p. 116 - 119.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Flag of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Flag of the Moldavian ASSR]]<br /> * [[Emblem of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic|Emblem of the Moldavian SSR]]<br /> * [[Coat of arms of Moldova]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Coats of arms of the Soviet Union|Moldavian ASSR]]<br /> [[Category:History of Transnistria]]<br /> [[Category:Coats of arms with wheat|Moldavian ASSR]]<br /> [[Category:Coats of arms with sunrays|Moldavian ASSR]]<br /> [[Category:Coats of arms with suns|Moldavian ASSR]]<br /> [[Category:Coats of arms with the hammer and sickle|Moldavian ASSR]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_Christians 2015-02-03T21:27:12Z

<p>Good Olfactory: Reverted edits by 213.87.139.38 (talk) to last version by Solar-Wind</p> <hr /> <div>[[Category:Kazakhstani people by religion|Christians]]<br /> [[Category:Christians by nationality]]<br /> [[Category:Christianity in Kazakhstan|Christians]]<br /> [[Category:Turkic Christians]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_expatriates_in_the_United_States 2015-01-15T04:35:22Z

<p>Good Olfactory: Good Olfactory moved page Category:Kazakh expatriates in the United States to Category:Kazakhstani expatriates in the United States: Kazakh is used for the ethnicity; Kazakhstani for the nationality--this is for the nationality</p> <hr /> <div>This page lists people of [[Kazakhstan]] who reside or have resided in the [[United States]]. <br /> <br /> [[Category:Kazakhstani expatriates|United States]]<br /> [[Category:Expatriates in the United States]]<br /> [[Category:American people of Kazakhstani descent|-]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_films 2014-12-22T00:08:31Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Works by Kazakhstani people using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>See also: [[:Category:Soviet films|Soviet films]] for films made in Kazakhstan Republic of the U.S.S.R.<br /> <br /> [[Category:Films by country|Kazakhstan]]<br /> [[Category:Cinema of Kazakhstan|Films]]<br /> [[Category:Asian films]]<br /> [[Category:European films]]<br /> [[Category:Works by Kazakhstani people|Films]]</div>

Good Olfactory https://en.encyclopedia.kz/index.php/Category:Kazakhstani_novels 2014-12-19T00:40:39Z

<p>Good Olfactory: added Category:Works by Kazakhstani people using HotCat</p> <hr /> <div>This category includes [[novels]] written by [[Kazakhstan]]i authors.<br /> [[Category:Novels by country]]<br /> [[Category:Kazakhstani fiction|novels]]<br /> [[Category:Works by Kazakhstani people|Novels]]</div>

Good Olfactory