Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

2017-02-23T01:17:41Z

Danlaycock: rvt - why copypaste treaty text? full text is available at :s:Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}
{{Infobox Treaty
|name = Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
|long_name =
|image =Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties parties.svg
|image_width =350px
|caption =Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-2}}
{{legend|#00AA00|Parties}} {{legend|#EEEE00|Signatories}} {{legend|#FF1111|Non-parties}}
{{Col-end}}
|type =
|date_drafted =
|date_signed = 23 May 1969
|location_signed = Vienna
|date_sealed =
|date_effective = 27 January 1980
|condition_effective = Ratification by 35 states<ref name="untreaty-1"/>
|date_expiration =
|signatories = 45
|parties = 114 <small>(as of April 2014)</small><ref name=rat/>
|depositor = [[Secretary-General of the United Nations|UN Secretary-General]]
|language =
|languages = Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish<ref name="untreaty-1"/>
|wikisource =Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
}}
The '''Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties''' ('''VCLT''') is a [[treaty]] concerning the [[public international law|international law]] on treaties between states. It was adopted on 22 May 1969<ref name="Law of treaties">untreaty.un.org, [http://legal.un.org/ilc/summaries/1_1.htm ''Law of treaties''], International Law Commission, last update: 30 June 2005. Consulted on 7 December 2008.</ref> and opened for signature on 23 May 1969.<ref name="untreaty-1">[http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/1_1_1969.pdf Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties], pg. 1</ref> The Convention entered into force on 27 January 1980.<ref name="untreaty-1"/> The VCLT has been ratified by 114 [[Sovereign state|states]] as of April 2014.<ref name=rat>{{cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetailsIII.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXIII-1&chapter=23&Temp=mtdsg3&clang=_en|title=Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties|accessdate=17 April 2016|publisher=[[United Nations Treaty Series]]}}</ref> Some countries that have not ratified the Convention, such as the [[United States]],<ref name="Is the United States a party to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties?">{{cite web|url=http://www.state.gov/s/l/treaty/faqs/70139.htm|title=Is the United States a party to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties?|last=United States Department of State|accessdate=15 September 2015}}</ref> recognize parts of it as a restatement of [[customary law]] and binding upon them as such.

==History==
The VCLT was drafted by the [[International Law Commission]] (ILC) of the United Nations, which began work on the Convention in 1949.<ref name="Law of treaties"/> During the twenty years of preparation, several draft versions of the convention and commentaries were prepared by [[special rapporteur]]s of the ILC.<ref name="Law of treaties"/> [[James Brierly]], [[Hersch Lauterpacht]], [[Gerald Fitzmaurice]] and [[Humphrey Waldock]] were the four special rapporteurs.<ref name="Law of treaties"/> In 1966, the ILC adopted 75 draft articles which formed the basis for the final work.<ref name=BrownlieIL5thp607-608>{{cite book |title= Principles of Public International Law|last= Brownlie|first= Ian|authorlink= Ian Brownlie| edition= 5th|year= 1998|publisher= Oxford University Press|location= |isbn= 0-19-876299-2|page= |pages= 607–08|url= |accessdate=}}</ref> Over two sessions in 1968 and 1969, the Vienna Conference completed the Convention, which was adopted on 22 May 1969 and opened for signature the following day.<ref name="Law of treaties"/><ref name="BrownlieIL5thp607-608"/>

==Content and effects==
The Convention codifies several bedrocks of contemporary international law. It defines a treaty as "an international agreement concluded between states in written form and governed by international law," as well as affirming that "every state possesses the capacity to conclude treaties."
The most important point in the Convention is that '''Article 1''' restricts the application of the Convention to written treaties between States, excluding treaties concluded between the states and international organizations or international organizations themselves.

The Convention has been referred to as the "treaty on treaties";<ref>http://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e1498</ref> it is widely recognized as the authoritative guide regarding the formation and effects of treaties. Even those countries who have not ratified it recognize its significance. For example, the [[United States]] recognizes that parts of the Convention constitute customary law binding on all nations.<ref name="Is the United States a party to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties?" /> In [[India]], the Supreme court has also recognised the customary status of the convention.<ref>http://opiniojuris.org/2015/04/02/guest-post-indian-court-embraces-the-vienna-convention-on-law-of-treaties/</ref>

==Scope==
The scope of the Convention is limited. It applies only to treaties concluded between states, so it does not cover agreements between states and [[international organization]]s or between international organizations themselves, though if any of its rules are independently binding on such organizations, they remain so.<ref name=article3>[http://web.archive.org/web/20050208040137/http://www.un.org/law/ilc/texts/treatfra.htm Article 3] of the Convention.</ref> It does apply, however, to treaties between states within an intergovernmental organization.<ref>Articles 2 and 5 of the Convention</ref> However, agreements between states and international organizations, or between international organizations themselves, will be governed by the 1986 [[Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations]] if it ever enters into force. Also, in treaties between states and international organizations, the terms of the Convention still apply between the state members.<ref name="article3" /> The Convention does not apply to agreements not in written form.<ref name="article3" />

==Parties to the convention==
{{main article|List of parties to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties}}

As of April 2014, there are 114 state parties that have ratified the convention, and a further 15 states have signed but have not ratified the convention.<ref name=rat/> In addition, the [[Republic of China]] (Taiwan), which is currently only recognized by {{numrec|ROC||UN member states}}, signed the Convention in 1970 prior to the [[United Nations General Assembly]]'s [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758|vote to transfer China's seat]] to the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1971. The PRC subsequently acceded to the Convention.<ref name=rat/> 66 [[UN member states]] have neither signed nor ratified the Convention.

==Vienna formula==
[[International treaty|International treaties]] and [[international convention|conventions]] contain rules about what entities could [[treaty#signature|sign]], [[treaty ratification|ratify]] or [[:wikt:accede|accede]] to them. Some treaties are restricted to states that are [[List of United Nations member states|members of the UN]] or [[Statute of the International Court of Justice#Parties to the Statute|parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice]]. In rare cases there is an explicit list of the entities that the treaty is restricted to. More commonly the aim of the founding signatories is that the treaty is not restricted to particular [[Sovereign state|states]] only and so a wording like "this treaty is open for signature to ''States'' willing to accept its provisions" is used (the so-called ''"All States formula"''<ref name="nonUN">All States are defined as all UN member states and states about which there are individual statements of inclusion by the UN Secretary-General or other [[United Nations System|UN organ]]. [http://legal.un.org/cod/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs Supplement No. 8; page 10], [http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/world00.pdf UN THE WORLD TODAY (PDF)].<br>The [[United Nations Secretary-General]] has stated that when the "any State" or "all States" formula is adopted, he would be able to implement it only if the General Assembly provided him with the complete list of the States coming within the formula, other than those falling within the "Vienna formula". [http://legal.un.org/ola-internet/Assistance/Summary.htm UN Office of Legal Affairs]</ref>).

When a treaty is open to "States", for the [[Legal deposit|depositary authority]]<ref>The [[UN Secretary-General]] or some other competent authority defined in the treaty in question, e.g. [[Switzerland]] for the [[Geneva Conventions]] – see [[List of parties to the Geneva Conventions#Special cases|special cases]].</ref> it is difficult or impossible to determine which entities are States. If the treaty is restricted to Members of the United Nations or Parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice, there is no ambiguity. However, a difficulty has occurred as to possible participation in treaties when entities which appeared otherwise to be States could not be admitted to the United Nations, nor become Parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice owing to the opposition, for political reasons, of a [[United Nations Security Council#Permanent members|permanent member of the Security Council]] or haven't applied for ICJ or UN membership. Since that difficulty did not arise as concerns membership in [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|the specialized agencies]], where there is no "veto" procedure, a number of those States became members of specialized agencies, and as such were in essence recognized as States by the [[international community]]. Accordingly, and in order to allow for as wide a participation as possible, a number of conventions then provided that they were also open for participation to States members of specialized agencies. The type of entry-into-force clause utilized in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties was later called the ''"Vienna formula"'' and its wording was utilized by various treaties, conventions and [[international organizations|organizations]].<ref>[http://legal.un.org/ola-internet/Assistance/Summary.htm UN Legal Affairs] the so-called "Vienna formula".</ref>

Some treaties that utilize it include provisions that in addition to these States any other State invited by a specified authority or organization (commonly the [[United Nations General Assembly]]{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} or an institution created by the treaty in question) can also participate, thus making the scope of potential signatories even broader.

{{Quotation|The present Convention shall be open for signature by '''all States [[List of United Nations member states|Members of the United Nations]] or of any of [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|the specialized agencies]] or of the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] or [[Statute of the International Court of Justice#Parties to the Statute|parties to the Statute]] of the [[International Court of Justice]]''', and by any other State invited by the General Assembly of the United Nations to become a party to the Convention, as follows: until 30 November 1969, at the Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Austria, and subsequently, until 30 April 1970, at United Nations Headquarters, New York.|Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Article 81, Signature}}

==See also==
* [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 97 (1)]] (1946)
* [[Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations]] (1961)
* [[Vienna Convention on Consular Relations]] (1963)
* [[Vienna Convention on Succession of States in respect of Treaties]] (1978)
* [[Vienna Convention (disambiguation)|List of Vienna conventions]]
* [[Provisional application (treaty)]]

==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{wikisource}}
* [http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/1_1_1969.pdf Convention Text]
* [http://legal.un.org/avl/ha/vclt/vclt.html Introductory note] by [http://legal.un.org/avl/pdf/ls/Zemanek_bio.pdf Karl Zemanek], procedural history note and audiovisual material on the ''Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties'' in the [http://legal.un.org/avl/historicarchives.html Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law]
* [http://legal.un.org/avl/ls/Rosenboom_LT.html Lectures] by [http://legal.un.org/avl/pdf/ls/Rosenboom_bio.pdf Annebeth Rosenboom] entitled ''Practical Aspects of Treaty Law: The Depositary Functions of the Secretary-General'' and ''Practical Aspects of Treaty Law: Treaty Registration under Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations'' (both lectures also available in French) in the [http://legal.un.org/avl/lectureseries.html Lecture Series of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vienna Convention On The Law Of Treaties}}
[[Category:Treaties concluded in 1969]]
[[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1980]]
[[Category:Treaties drafted by the International Law Commission]]
[[Category:United Nations treaties]]
[[Category:Treaties of Albania]]
[[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]
[[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]
[[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Australia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Austria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]
[[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
[[Category:Treaties of Brazil]]
[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]
[[Category:Treaties of Canada]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Central African Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Chile]]
[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]]
[[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Zaire]]
[[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]
[[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]
[[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Finland]]
[[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]
[[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]
[[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]
[[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]
[[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Holy See]]
[[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]
[[Category:Treaties of Italy]]
[[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]
[[Category:Treaties of Japan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Laos]]
[[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]
[[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]
[[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]
[[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]
[[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]
[[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mali]]
[[Category:Treaties of Malta]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]
[[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mozambique]]
[[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]
[[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Treaties of Niger]]
[[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Oman]]
[[Category:Treaties of Palestine]]
[[Category:Treaties of Panama]]
[[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]
[[Category:Treaties of Peru]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]
[[Category:Treaties of Poland]]
[[Category:Treaties of Portugal]]
[[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]
[[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]
[[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]
[[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Solomon Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]
[[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]
[[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]
[[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]
[[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]
[[Category:Treaties of Syria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]
[[Category:Treaties of East Timor]]
[[Category:Treaties of Togo]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]
[[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]
[[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:1969 in Austria]]
[[Category:Treaty law treaties]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to West Berlin]]
[[Category:May 1969 events]]
[[Category:1960s in Vienna]]

Vienna Convention on Consular Relations

2016-10-21T03:46:26Z

Danlaycock: fix dead link

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}
{{Globalize/US|date=December 2010}}
{{Infobox Treaty
|name = Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
|long_name =
|image =Vienna Convention on Consular Relations.svg
|image_width =200px
|caption =Parties to the convention{{legend|#00aa00|Parties}}{{legend|#eeee00|Signatories}}{{legend|#ff1111|Non-signatories}}
|type =
|date_drafted = 22 April 1963
|date_signed = 24 April 1963
|location_signed = Vienna
|date_sealed =
|date_effective = 19 March 1967
|condition_effective = Ratification by 22 states
|date_expiration =
|signatories = 48
|parties = 179 (as of May 2016)<ref name="unparticipants"/>
|depositor = [[Secretary-General of the United Nations|UN Secretary-General]]
| citations = 500 [[U.N.T.S.]] 95; 23 [[U.S.T.]] 3227
|language =
|languages = Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish<ref name="untreaty"/>
|wikisource =Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
}}
The '''Vienna Convention on Consular Relations''' of 1963 is an international [[treaty]] that defines a framework for [[consulate|consular]] [[International relations|relations]] between independent states. A consul normally operates out of an embassy in another country, and performs two functions: (1) protecting in the host country the interests of their countrymen, and (2) furthering the commercial and economic relations between the two states. While a consul is not a diplomat,{{Citation needed|date=March 2012}} they work out of the same premises, and under this treaty they are afforded most of the same privileges, including a variation of [[diplomatic immunity]] called [[consular immunity]]. The treaty has been ratified by 179 states.<ref name="unparticipants">{{cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=III-6&chapter=3&clang=_en|work=United Nations Treaty Collection|title=Vienna Convention on Consular Relations|publisher=United Nations|accessdate=19 May 2016}}</ref>

==Key provisions==

The treaty is an extensive document, containing 79 articles. Following is a basic overview of its key provisions. For a comprehensive enumeration of all articles, consult the original text.<ref name="untreaty">{{cite web|url=http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/9_2_1963.pdf|title=Vienna Convention on Consular Relations|publisher=United Nations|accessdate=12 April 2010}}</ref>
* Article 5. Thirteen functions of a consul are listed, including protecting in the receiving state the interests of the sending state and its nationals, as well as developing the commercial, economic, cultural, and scientific relations between the two states.
* Article 23. The host nation may at any time and for any reason declare a particular member of the consular staff to be [[persona non grata]]. The sending state must recall this person within a reasonable period of time, or otherwise this person may lose their consular immunity.
* Article 31. The host nation may not enter the consular premises, and must protect the premises from intrusion or damage.
* Article 35. Freedom of communication between the consul and their home country must be preserved. A [[Diplomatic bag|consular bag]] must never be opened. A consular courier must never be detained.
* Article 36. Foreign nationals who are arrested or detained be given notice "without delay" of their right to have their embassy or consulate notified of that arrest. If the detained foreign national so requests, the police must fax that notice to the embassy or consulate, which can then check up on the person. The notice to the consulate can be as simple as a [[fax]], giving the person's name, the place of arrest, and, if possible, something about the reason for the arrest or detention.

==State parties to the convention==
[[File:Vienna Convention on Consular Relations.svg|thumb|right|334px|{{legend|#00aa00|Parties}}{{legend|#eeee00|Signatories}}
{{legend|#ff1111|Non-signatory UN member states}}]]

There are 179 state parties to the convention including most [[UN member states]] and [[UN observer]] states [[Holy See]] and [[State of Palestine]]. The signatory states that have not ratified the convention are: [[Central African Republic]], [[Israel]], [[Ivory Coast]] and [[Republic of Congo]]. The UN member states that have neither signed nor ratified the convention are: [[Afghanistan]], [[Burundi]], [[Chad]], [[Comoros]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Palau]], [[San Marino]], [[Solomon Islands]], [[South Sudan]], [[Swaziland]] and [[Uganda]].

==Application of the treaty by the United States==
In March 2005, the United States pulled out of the Optional Protocol to the Convention, which allows the [[International Court of Justice]] to have compulsory jurisdiction over disputes arising under the Convention. In June 2006, the [[United States Supreme Court]] ruled that foreign nationals who were not notified of their right to consular notification and access after an arrest may not use the treaty violation to suppress evidence obtained in police interrogation or belatedly raise legal challenges after trial (''[[Sanchez-Llamas v. Oregon]]''[{{SCOTUS URL Slip|05|04-10566}}]). In March 2008, the Supreme Court further ruled that the decision of the [[International Court of Justice]] directing the United States to give "review and reconsideration" to the cases of 51 Mexican convicts on death row<ref> the highest international jurisdictions tried to temper the American justice, as evidenced by the judgments of the International Court of Justice 27 June 2001 in LaGrand case (Germany v . United States) and 31 March 2004 in the case Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v . United States of America) on the violation of the Vienna Convention of consular relations in trial procedures that led to the capital penalty of foreigners in the USA. The U.S. Supreme Court in Medellin case rejected the interference of international law in the national reserved domain: {{cite journal|last1=Buonomo|first1=Giampiero|title = Pena di morte: perchè aderire alla moratoria è giusto non soltanto sotto il profilo etico|journal= Diritto&Giustizia edizione online|date=2007| url= https://www.questia.com/projects#!/project/89404964}} {{Subscription required |via=[[Questia]]}}</ref> was not a binding domestic law and therefore could not be used to overcome state procedural default rules that barred further post-conviction challenges (''[[Medellín v. Texas]]'' [{{SCOTUS URL Slip|07|06-984}}]).

In 1980, prior to its withdrawal from the Optional Protocol, the U.S. [[Case Concerning United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran|brought a case to the ICJ]] against [[Iran]] in response to the [[Iran hostage crisis|seizure of United States diplomatic offices and personnel by militant revolutionaries]].<ref>[[International Court of Justice]], 24 May 1980, [http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/64/6291.pdf Case Concerning United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Diplomatic immunity]]
*[[Consular immunity]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/9_2_1963.pdf Text of the Convention]
* [http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RS21627.pdf Implications of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations upon the Regulation of Consular Identification Cards]
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A21981-2005Mar9.html U.S. Quits Pact Used in Capital Cases: Foes of Death Penalty Cite Access to Envoys] – Washington Post article by Charles Lane
* [http://legal.un.org/avl/ha/vccr/vccr.html Introductory note] by Juan Manuel Gómez Robledo, procedural history note and audiovisual material on the ''Vienna Convention on Consular Relations'' in the [http://legal.un.org/avl/historicarchives.html Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law]
* [http://legal.un.org/avl/ls/Denza_DCL.html Lecture] by Eileen Denza entitled ''Diplomatic and Consular Law – Topical Issues'' in the [http://legal.un.org/avl/lectureseries.html Lecture Series of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law]

{{Diplomacy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vienna Convention On Consular Relations}}
[[Category:Cold War treaties]]
[[Category:Treaties concluded in 1963]]
[[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1967]]
[[Category:Diplomatic immunity and protection treaties]]
[[Category:Treaties of Albania]]
[[Category:Treaties of Algeria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Andorra]]
[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola]]
[[Category:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda]]
[[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]
[[Category:Treaties of Armenia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Australia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Austria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Bahamas]]
[[Category:Treaties of Bahrain]]
[[Category:Treaties of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Treaties of Barbados]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Belgium]]
[[Category:Treaties of Belize]]
[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Benin]]
[[Category:Treaties of Bhutan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
[[Category:Treaties of Botswana]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Brazilian military government]]
[[Category:Treaties of Brunei]]
[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Burkina Faso]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cambodia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cameroon]]
[[Category:Treaties of Canada]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cape Verde]]
[[Category:Treaties of Chile]]
[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Treaties of Croatia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cuba]]
[[Category:Treaties of Cyprus]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Treaties of North Korea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Zaire]]
[[Category:Treaties of Denmark]]
[[Category:Treaties of Djibouti]]
[[Category:Treaties of Dominica]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]
[[Category:Treaties of Egypt]]
[[Category:Treaties of El Salvador]]
[[Category:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Eritrea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Estonia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Fiji]]
[[Category:Treaties of Finland]]
[[Category:Treaties of France]]
[[Category:Treaties of Gabon]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Gambia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]
[[Category:Treaties of East Germany]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ghana]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece]]
[[Category:Treaties of Grenada]]
[[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Treaties of Guinea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Guyana]]
[[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Holy See]]
[[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Iceland]]
[[Category:Treaties of India]]
[[Category:Treaties of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Pahlavi dynasty]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ireland]]
[[Category:Treaties of Italy]]
[[Category:Treaties of Jamaica]]
[[Category:Treaties of Japan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Jordan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kenya]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kiribati]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kuwait]]
[[Category:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Laos]]
[[Category:Treaties of Latvia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Lebanon]]
[[Category:Treaties of Lesotho]]
[[Category:Treaties of Liberia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]
[[Category:Treaties of Liechtenstein]]
[[Category:Treaties of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Treaties of Luxembourg]]
[[Category:Treaties of Madagascar]]
[[Category:Treaties of Malawi]]
[[Category:Treaties of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Maldives]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mali]]
[[Category:Treaties of Malta]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Marshall Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mauritania]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mauritius]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Monaco]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Montenegro]]
[[Category:Treaties of Morocco]]
[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Mozambique]]
[[Category:Treaties of Myanmar]]
[[Category:Treaties of Namibia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Nauru]]
[[Category:Treaties of Nepal]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Treaties of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]
[[Category:Treaties of Niger]]
[[Category:Treaties of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Norway]]
[[Category:Treaties of Oman]]
[[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Palestine]]
[[Category:Treaties of Panama]]
[[Category:Treaties of Papua New Guinea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]
[[Category:Treaties of Peru]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Philippines]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Estado Novo (Portugal)]]
[[Category:Treaties of Qatar]]
[[Category:Treaties of South Korea]]
[[Category:Treaties of Moldova]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]]
[[Category:Treaties of Samoa]]
[[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]]
[[Category:Treaties of Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Senegal]]
[[Category:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro]]
[[Category:Treaties of Seychelles]]
[[Category:Treaties of Singapore]]
[[Category:Treaties of Slovakia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Slovenia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Somali Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of South Africa]]
[[Category:Treaties of Francoist Spain]]
[[Category:Treaties of Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis]]
[[Category:Treaties of Saint Lucia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]
[[Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)]]
[[Category:Treaties of Suriname]]
[[Category:Treaties of Sweden]]
[[Category:Treaties of Switzerland]]
[[Category:Treaties of Syria]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tajikistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Thailand]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Macedonia]]
[[Category:Treaties of East Timor]]
[[Category:Treaties of Togo]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tonga]]
[[Category:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tunisia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Turkey]]
[[Category:Treaties of Turkmenistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tuvalu]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates]]
[[Category:Treaties of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Treaties of Tanzania]]
[[Category:Treaties of the United States]]
[[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]
[[Category:Treaties of Uzbekistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of Vanuatu]]
[[Category:Treaties of Venezuela]]
[[Category:Treaties of Vietnam]]
[[Category:Treaties of South Vietnam]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Zambia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Zimbabwe]]
[[Category:United Nations treaties]]
[[Category:1963 in Austria]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Greenland]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Aruba]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Akrotiri and Dhekelia]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Bermuda]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the British Antarctic Territory]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the British Indian Ocean Territory]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Gibraltar]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Guernsey]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Jersey]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Montserrat]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to British Antigua and Barbuda]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to British Dominica]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to British Grenada]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to British Saint Lucia]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to British Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]
[[Category:Treaties extended to the British Solomon Islands]]