Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Annamitella

2017-04-17T13:55:37Z

Abyssal: added Category:Fossils of Maine using HotCat

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Annamitella''
| status = fossil
| fossil_range = [[Arenig]]<ref>Fortey and Shergold, Early Ordovician trilobites Nora Fm., 1984</ref><ref>Fortey and Cocks, Palaeontological evidence bearing on global Ordovician-Silurian continental reconstructions, 2003; </ref>
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[trilobite|Trilobita]]
| ordo = [[Corynexochida]]
| superfamilia = [[Leiostegiacea]]
| familia = [[Leiostegiidae]]
| genus = '''''Annamitella'''''
}}
'''''Annamitella''''' Mansuy 1916 is a [[genus]] of [[trilobite]], [[extinct]] marine [[arthropod]]s. ''Annamitella'' lived from the [[Arenig]] to the [[Llandeilo (age)|Llandeilo age]] of the [[Ordovician Period]] from 478.6 to 460.9 million years ago.<ref>Finney, Global series and stages for the Ordovician System: A progress report, 2005</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Corynexochida]]
[[Category:Trilobite genera]]
[[Category:Ordovician trilobites of Australia]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Ordovician trilobites of Asia]]
[[Category:Fossils of Maine]]

{{trilobite-stub}}

Trinodus

2017-04-12T16:19:38Z

Abyssal: added Category:Fossils of California using HotCat

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = '''''Trinodus'''''
| fossil_range = {{Geological range|488|445|[[Ordovician]]}}
| image = Arthrorhachis tarda draw entite.png
| image_upright = 0.6
| image_caption = A drawing of ''Trinodus tardus''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Trilobite|Trilobita]]
| ordo = [[Agnostida]]
| familia = [[Metagnostidae]]
| genus = '''''Trinodus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Frederick McCoy|M'Coy]], 1846
| synonyms =
''Arthrorhachis'', ''Girvanagnostus'', ''Metagnostus''
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
* ''T. agnostiformes'' M'Coy, 1846 ([[Type (biology)|Type]]) synonyms ''A. agnostiformis'', ''A. trinodus''
* ''T. tardus'' ([[Joachim Barrande|Barrande]],1846) synonyms ''Battus tardus'', ''Agnostus glabratus'', ''A. tardus''<ref name="Budil">{{cite journal|last1= Budil|first1= P.|last2= Fatka|first2= O.|last3= Kolář|first3= P.|last4= David|first4= M.|year= 2011|title= ''Arthrorhachis'' Hawle & Corda, 1847 (Agnostida) in the Prague Basin revisited|journal= Bulletin of Geosciences|volume= 86|issue= 4|pages= 707–724|doi= 10.3140/bull.geosci.1262|url= http://www.geology.cz/bulletin/fulltext/1262_Budil.pdf}}</ref> ''Arthrorhachis tarda'', alternative spelling ''A. tardus''
* ''T. elspethi'' (Raymond, 1925) synonym ''Arthrorhachis elspethi''
* ''T. danicus'' Poulsen, 1965 synonym ''Arthrorhachis danica''
* ''T. girvanensis'' (Reed, 1903) synonyms ''Agnostus girvanensis'', ''Arthrorhachis girvanensis'', ''Girvanagnostus girvanensis''
* ''T. hupehensis'' Lu, 1975 synonym ''Arthrorhachis hupehensis''
* ''T. knockerkensis'' Romano & Owen, 1993 synonym ''Arthrorhachis knockerkensis''
* ''T. latilimbata'' (Ju ''in'' Qiu ''et al.'', 1983)synonym ''Arthrorhachis latilimbata''
* ''T. pragensis'' (Přibyl & Vaněk, 1968) synonym ''Arthrorhachis pragensis''
}}

'''''Trinodus''''' is a very small to small (about {{convert|1|cm|in|disp=or}}) blind [[trilobite]], a well known group of extinct marine [[arthropod]]s, which lived during the [[Ordovician]] (Tremadocian to early Hirnantian),<ref name="Budil"/> in what are now the Yukon Territories, Virginia, Italy, Czech Republic, Poland, Denmark, Sweden, Svalbard, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Iran, Kazakhstan and China. It is one of the last of the Agnostida order to survive.

== Etymology ==
''Trinodus'' is derived from the Latin tri (three) and nodus (node). 
''Arthrorhachis'' is derived from the Greek [[:wikt:ἄρθρον|ἄρθρον]] (''árthron'', "joint") and ῥάχις ([[:wikt:rachis|''rháchis'']], meaning axis, spine, ridge or backbone).<ref name="Budil"/>

== Taxonomy ==
''Trinodus'', ''Arthrorhachis'' and ''[[Geragnostus]]'' are closely related and it may be appropriate to assign their species to just one genus. All species in these three genera have virtually identical cephalons, but of ''T. agnostiformes'', the type species of ''Trinodus'' only one poorly preserved cephalon was known. However, relatively recent, pygidia assignable to ''T. agnostiformes'' were found. Although this material is distorted or incompletely preserved, it is very similar to the pygidium of ''Arthrorhachis tarda''. Species with a rear rhachis lobe longer than the postaxial region are henceforth combined in ''Geragnostus'', all others are assigned to ''Trinodus''.<ref name='Turvey'>{{cite journal|last= Turvey|first= S.T.|year= 2005|title= Agnostid trilobites from the Arenig-Llanvirn of South China|journal= Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences|volume= 95|pages= 527–542|doi=10.1017/s026359330000119x}}</ref>

=== Species previously assigned to ''Trinodus'' ===
* ''T. glabratus'' var. ''kirgizica'' = ''[[Geragnostus|Geragnostus kirgizica]]''
* ''T. kirgizica'' = ''[[Geragnostus|Geragnostus kirgizica]]''
* ''T. longicollis'' = ''[[Geragnostus|Geragnostus longicollis]]''

== Distribution ==
* '''''T. agnostiformes''''' was identified in the Upper Ordovician of Ireland (Caradoc, Greenville slates, Campile Formation).<ref name='Karim'>{{cite journal|last= Karim|first=T.S.|year= 2009|title= Ordovician trilobites from Iran|journal= Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh|volume= 99|issue= 02|pages= 101–124|doi=10.1017/s1755691009007063}}</ref>
* '''''Trinodus danicus''''' occurs in Ordovician of Svalbard (Ibexian 488.3 - 471.8 Mya, ''Psephosthenaspis nasuta'' trilobite zone, Olenidsletta Member, Valhallfonna Formation, Ny Friesland, 79.8° N, 17.8° E).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Fortey|first= R. A.|authorlink = Richard Fortey|year=1980|title= The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. III. Remaining trilobites of the Valhallfonna Formation|journal= Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter|volume=171|pages=1–163|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=106473}}</ref>
* '''''Trinodus elspethi''''' is present in the Upper Ordovician of the USA (Kathian?, Athens Shale, Ina railroad cutting, South of Otes, North of Bulls Gap, Hawkins, Tennessee).<ref name="Budil"/>
* '''''T. hupehensis''''' has been found in the Middle Ordovician of China (Dawan Formation, upper Arenig, Fenxiang, Yichang County, West Hubei).<ref name='Turvey'/>
* '''''Trinodus knockerkensis''''' has been collected from the Ordovician of Ireland (Lower Caradoc, Brickwork's Quarry Shales Member, Knockerk Formation, 53.8° N, 6.6° W).<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Romano|first1=M. |last2= Owen|first2= A. W.|year= 1993|title= Early Caradoc Trilobites of Eastern Ireland and their paleogeographical significance|journal= Palaeontology|volume=36|issue=3|pages=681–720|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=displayCollResults&taxon_no=19186&max_interval=Ordovician&country=Ireland&is_real_user=1&basic=yes&type=view&match_subgenera=1}}</ref>
* '''''Trinodus pragensis''''' is present in the Upper Ordovician of the Czech Republic (Lower Katian, abandoned brickyard “Na bílém koni”, Bohdalec Formation, Karlíkore Horizon, Praha-Hloubětín). ''A. pragensis'' precedes ''A. tardus'' in Czech Republic.<ref name="Budil"/>
* '''''Trinodus tardus''''' is present in the Upper Ordovician of Denmark (Læså - stream section at Vasegård -, Øleå - stream section at Billegrav Gård -, and Risebæk, all Bornholm),<ref name='Ahlberg'>{{cite journal|last=Ahlberg|first=P.|year=1989|title=Agnostid trilobites from the Upper Ordovician of Sweden and Bornholm, Denmark|journal= Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark|volume= 37|pages= 213–226|url= http://2dgf.dk/xpdf/bull37_03-04-213-226.pdf}}</ref> of Sweden (In Skåne: Koången in the classical Fågelsång area east of Lund; Koången core; Lindegård core; Rostånga; Tommarp; Jerrestad, stream section in the Jerrestadsån rivulet; Tosterup. In Ostergotland: Råssnås and Rodbergsudden, both near MotalaIn. In Våstergotland: Lower Jonstorp Formation "Green ''Tretaspis'' Shale" at Bestorp – Mosseberg. Upper Jonstorp Formation "Red ''Tretaspis'' Shale" and Ulunda Mudstone of the upper Jerrestadian Stage at Stommen (Kungslena); Varvsberget, Skogastorp, Plantaberget (Hogstenaberget); Skultorp, Billingen; Rustsåter, Kinnekulle; Kullatorp core, Kinnekulle. In Dalarna: Vikarbyn and Gulleråsen-Sanden)<ref name='Ahlberg'/> of Norway (Oslo Region, Hovedøya, Spannslokket Member of the Skogerholmen Formation; Åslund, Hadeland Gagnum Shale Member of the Lunner Formation)<ref name='Ahlberg'/> of the Czech Republic (upper Katian, ''Tretaspis seticornis'' community, Kraluv Dvur Formation),<ref>{{cite book|last1= Chlupac|first1=I.|last2= Havlicek|first2= V.| last3=Kukal|first3=Z.|last4= Storch|first4=P.|year=1998|title= Palaeozoic of the Barrandian (Cambrian to Devonian)|pages=1–183|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=76478}}</ref> of Italy ([[List of brachiopod genera|''Foliomena'']] community, Domusnovas Formation, Punta S'Argiola, Sardinia, 40.0° N, 8.0° E),<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Leone|first1= F.|last2= Hammann |first2=W.|last3= Laske|first3=R.|last4= Serpagli|first4= E.|last5= Villas|first5= E.|year= 1991|title=Lithostratigraphic units and biostratigraphy of the post-sardic Ordovician sequence in south-west Sardinia|journal= Bollettino della Societá Paleontologica Italiana|volume=30|pages=201–235|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=displayCollResults&taxon_no=19186&max_interval=Ordovician&country=Italy&is_real_user=1&basic=yes&type=view&match_subgenera=1}}</ref> of Iran (late Caradoc, early Asgill, Tatavrud, 35 km southwest of Bandar-e-Anzali),<ref name='Karim' /> and of Kazakhstan.<ref name='Ahlberg'/>
* '''''Trinodus sp.''''' (presumably ''T. tardus'') has been collected from the Ordovician of Czech Republic (Králův Dvůr Formation, Prague Basin).<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Havlicek|first1= V. |last2= Vanek|first2=J.|year= 1990|title= Ordovician Invertebrate communities in black-shale lithofacies (Prague Basin, Czechoslovakia)|journal= Vestnik Ustredniho Ustavu Geologickeho|volume=65|pages=223–236|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=3876}}</ref>
* '''''Trinodus sps.''''' are found in the Ordovician of Canada (Llanvirn, Road River Formation, ''Peraspis'' fauna, Yukon Territory, 62.8° N, 136.6° W, and Cnemidopyge fauna, 65.0° N, 111.5° W),<ref>{{cite journal|last= Ludvigsen|first= R.|year= 1981|title= Biostratigraphical significance of Middle Ordovician trilobites from the Road River Formation, northern Cordillera|journal= Geological Association of Canada, Abstracts|volume=6|issue= A-36|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=302}}</ref> of China (Baota (Pagoda) Formation, NingLang, NingLang County, Yunnan),<ref>{{cite book|author=Stratigraphic Group of Yunnan, China|year=1978|title= Regional stratigraphic data of Southwest China, Yunnan Province|publisher= Geological Publishing House|location= Beijing|url=http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=displayCollResults&taxon_no=19186&max_interval=Ordovician&country=China&is_real_user=1&basic=yes&type=view&match_subgenera=1)}}</ref> of Poland (Hirnantian, Holycross Mountains, 51.0° N, 21.0° E),<ref>{{cite journal|last= Temple|first= J.T.|year=1965|title= Upper Ordovician Brachiopods from Poland and Britain|journal= [[Acta Palaeontologica Polonica]]|volume=10|pages=379–450|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=displayCollResults&taxon_no=19186&max_interval=Ordovician&country=Poland&is_real_user=1&basic=yes&type=view&match_subgenera=1}}</ref> of Wales (North Wales Rawtheyan Assemblage 4C, Crugan Mudstone and Duyfor Mudstone fauna, 53.0° N, 4.0° W;<ref>{{cite journal|last= Price|first=D.|year=1981|title= Ashgill trilobite faunas from the Llyn Peninsula, North Wales, U.K|journal= [[Geological Magazine]]|volume=16|issue=3|pages=201–216|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=3666|doi=10.1002/gj.3350160305}}</ref> Rhwlas Limestone Formation<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Bassett|first1= D.A.|last2= Whittington|first2= H.B.|last3= Williams|first3= A.|year= 1966|title= The Stratigraphy of the Bala District, Merionethshire|journal= Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London|volume=122|issue=3|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=3675|doi=10.1144/gsjgs.122.1.0219|pages=219–269}}</ref> and ''Opsimasaphus''-''Nankinolithus'' trilobite association,<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Price|first1=D. |last2= Magor|first2=P.M.|year=1984|title= The ecological significance of variation in the genesis composition of Rawtheyan (Late Ordovician) trilobite faunas from North Wales, U.K|journal= U.K. Geological Journal|volume= 19|pages=187–200|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=3676|doi=10.1002/gj.3350190207}}</ref> 53.0° N, 3.0° W; Pontyfeni Formation, ''B. rushtoni'' and ''Stapeleyella abyfrons'' biozone, [[Whitland]], 52.0° N, 5.0° W)<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Fortey|first1=R. A.|authorlink = Richard Fortey|last2= Owens|first2= R.M.|year=1978|title= Early Ordovician (Arenig) stratigraphy and faunas of the Carmarthen District, South-West Wales|journal= Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology)|volume= 30|issue= 3|pages= 225–294|url= http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=3704}}</ref> and Scotland (Costonian, Superstes Mudstone, Stinchar River tributary, [[Colmonell]], Gircan District, Strathclyde, 57.0° N, 4.0° W).<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Tripp|first1= R.P.|last2= Williams|first2= A.|last3= Paul|first3=C.R.C.|year= 1981|title= On an exposure of the Ordovician superstes Mudstones at Colmonell, Gircan District, Strathclyde|journal= Scottish Journal of Geology|volume=17|pages=21–25|url=http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=76076|doi=10.1144/sjg17010021}}</ref>

== Development ==
''Trinodus elspethi'', which - as an agnostoid - only has two thorax segments, has at least nine
larval stages (or instars), three meraspid and six holaspid, in its life. So it molted at least eight times.<ref name='Treatise'>[[Harry B. Whittington|Whittington]], H. B. et al. Part O, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Revised, Volume 1 – Trilobita – Introduction, Order Agnostida, Order Redlichiida. 1997</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|32em}}

[[Category:Agnostida]]
[[Category:Ordovician trilobites]]
[[Category:Fossils of Canada]]
[[Category:Fossils of the United States]]
[[Category:Fossils of Italy]]
[[Category:Fossils of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Fossils of Poland]]
[[Category:Fossils of Denmark]]
[[Category:Fossils of Sweden]]
[[Category:Fossils of Svalbard]]
[[Category:Fossils of Ireland]]
[[Category:Fossils of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Fossils of Iran]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Fossils of China]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Yukon]]
[[Category:Fossils of California]]

Arcanoceras

2017-04-12T15:50:45Z

Abyssal: added Category:Fossils of Arkansas using HotCat

{{italic title}}{{Taxobox
| fossil_range =
| image =
| image_width =
| image_caption =
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Mollusc]]a
| classis = [[Cephalopod]]a
| subclassis = [[Ammonoidea]]
| ordo = [[Goniatitida]]
| subordo = [[Goniatitina]]
| superfamilia = [[Pericyclaceae]]
| familia = [[Eogonioloboceratidae]]
| genus = '''''Arcanoceras'''''
| genus_authority =
| subdivision_ranks =
| subdivision =
}}
'''''Arcanoceras''''' is a genus belonging to the [[Eogonioloboceratidae]] [[Family (biology)|family]]. They are an [[extinction|extinct]] group of [[ammonite|ammonoid]], which are shelled [[cephalopods]] related to [[squid]]s, [[belemnite]]s, [[octopus]]es, and [[cuttlefish]], and more distantly to the [[nautiloid]]s.

==References==
{{reflist}}
* [http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl The Paleobiology Database] accessed on 10/01/07

[[Category:Goniatitida genera]]
[[Category:Carboniferous ammonites]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Fossils of Arkansas]]
{{Ammonite-stub}}

Embasaurus

2017-03-08T19:24:14Z

Abyssal: added Category:Paleontology in Kazakhstan using HotCat

{{italictitle}}
{{Taxobox
|name = ''Embasaurus''
|fossil_range = [[Early Cretaceous]]
|image = Embasaurus minax.jpg
|image_caption = Vertebra
|regnum = [[Animal]]ia
|phylum = [[Chordata]]
|classis = [[Sauropsida]]
|superordo = [[Dinosauria]]
|ordo = [[Saurischia]]
|subordo = [[Theropoda]]
|superfamilia = [[Incertae sedis]]
|genus = '''''Embasaurus'''''
|genus_authority = Riabinin, 1931
|species = '''''E. minax'''''
|binomial = ''Embasaurus minax''
|binomial_authority = Riabinin, 1931
| synonyms_ref =<ref name="Olshevsky1991">{{cite journal|author=Olshevsky, G.|year=1991|title=A revision of the parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, excluding the advanced Crocodylia|journal=Mesozoic Meanderings 2|location=San Diego|page=196|url=http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/tmp/Olshevsky_1991_A_revision_of_the_parainfraclass_Archosauria_Cope_1869_excluding_the_advanced_Crocodylia.pdf}}</ref>
| synonyms =
''Embasasaurus'' Carroll, 1987 (''[[lapsus calami]]'')
}}

'''''Embasaurus''''' (''Emba lizard'') is a [[genus]] of [[theropoda|theropod]] [[dinosaur]] from the Early [[Cretaceous]] period. Fossils have been found in [[Kazakhstan]] in central Asia. As it is known only from two fragmentary [[vertebrae]], ''Embasaurus'' is considered by some to be a possible ''[[nomen dubium]]''. It was named after the [[Emba River]], and it is believed to have lived during the [[Berriasian]] [[faunal stage|stage]], around 140 million years ago. According to the ''Theropod Database'', a personal website designed by Mickey Mortimer, further research may suggest that ''Embasaurus'' may be a basal [[tyrannosauroid]].<ref name=TDB>[http://archosaur.us/theropoddatabase/Tyrannosauroidea.html#Embasaurusminax ''Embasaurus minax''] at the Theropod Database</ref> George Olshevsky, however, considered ''Embasaurus'' to be a [[Megalosauridae|megalosaurid]], closely related to ''[[Magnosaurus]]'', ''[[Megalosaurus]]'', and ''[[Torvosaurus]]''.<ref name="Olshevsky1991"/>

The [[type species]], ''Embasaurus minax'', was described by the Soviet paleontologist [[Anatoly Riabinin]] in 1931.<ref>Riabinin, A.N. (1931). "Two dinosaurian vertebrae from the Lower Cretaceous of Transcaspian Steppes". ''Zapiski Russkogo Min. Obshchestva'' (ser. 2) 60: 110-113.</ref><ref name=TDB/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.thescelosaurus.com/theropoda.htm Theropoda]

{{Portal|Dinosaurs}}

[[Category:Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia]]
[[Category:Theropods]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1931]]
[[Category:Nomina dubia]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Kazakhstan]]

{{theropod-stub}}

Acmarhachis

2017-02-28T05:18:30Z

Abyssal: added Category:Paleontology in the Northwest Territories using HotCat

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Upper Cambrian}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Trilobite|Trilobita]]
| ordo = [[Agnostida]]
| subordo = [[Agnostoidea]]
| familia = [[Agnostidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Incertae sedis|incertae subfamiliae]]
| genus='''''Acmarhachis'''''
| genus_authority = Resser, 1938
| synonyms = ''Cyclagnostus'', ''Wanagnostus''
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision =
* ''A. typicalis'' Resser, 1938 ([[Type (biology)|type]])
* ''A. acuta'' (Kobayashi, 1938)
* ''A. anhuiensis'' (Qiu, 1983) [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] ''Wanagnostus anhuiensis''
* ''A. apicula'' [[Armin Öpik|Öpik]], 1967 synonym ''Oxyagnostus apicula''
* ''A. elegans'' ([[Ekaterina Lermontova|Lermontova]], 1940)<ref>Arthropoda - Klass trilobity (Class Trilobita). EV Lermontova, Atlas of the Leading Forms of the Fossil Faunas of the USSR, 1940</ref> synonym ''Cyclagnostus elegans'' Lerm., 1940
* ''A. karatauensis'' Ergaliev, 1980
* ''A. longispinus'' Ergaliev, 1980
* ''A. punctatus'' Ergaliev, 1980
* ''A. whittingtoni'' Westrop & Eoff, 2012<ref name='Treatise'>Whittington, H. B. et al. Part O, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Revised, Volume 1 – Trilobita – Introduction, Order Agnostida, Order Redlichiida. 1997</ref>
}}
'''''Acmarhachis''''' is a genus of [[trilobite]] in the order [[Agnostida]], which lived in what are now Australia (Queensland, Tasmania), Canada (British Columbia, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories), China (Anhui), Kazakhstan, Russia (Kharaulakh), and the US (Alaska, Alabama, Nevada, Maryland, Vermont). It was described by Resser in 1938, and the type species is ''Acmarhachis typicalis''.<ref>[http://www.trilobites.info/generic_names_Jell%26Adrain2003.pdf Available Generic Names for Trilobites] P.A. Jell and J.M. Adrain.</ref>

== Distribution ==
* ''A. typicalis'' occurs in the Cambrian of Kazakhstan (Kyrshabakty River, ''Lejopyge laevigata''-trilobite zone, Zhumabai Formation, Paibian and Cambrian Stage 9, 43.5° N, 70.0° E).<ref>{{cite book|last1= Ergaliev|first1= G.K.|last2= Ergaliev|first2= F.G.|year= 2008|title= Agnostidy srednego i verkhnego Kembriya Aksayskogo Gosudarstvennogo Geologicheskogo Zakaznika v yushnom Kazakhstane (Kyrshabakty, Malyy Karatau) [Middle and Upper Cambrian Agnostida from the Aksai National Geological Reserve in southern Kazakhstan (Kyrshabakty River, Malyy Karatau Range)]|pages= 1–359}} ''cited in'' {{cite web|author= Paleobiological Database|title= Acmarhachis whittingtoni|accessdate= 25 October 2013|url= http://fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=203567}}</ref>
* ''A. whittingtoni'' is known from the Upper Cambrian of Canada (Hickey Cove, ''Dunderbergia''-trilobite zone, Downes Point Member, Shallow Bay Formation, Paibian, Newfoundland, 49.8° N, 57.9° W).<ref>{{cite journal|last1= Westrop|first1= S.R.|last2= Eoff|first2= .J.D.|year= 2012|title= Late Cambrian (Furongian; Paibian, Steptoean) agnostoid arthropods from the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland|journal= Journal of Paleontology|volume= 86|issue= 2|pages= 201–237|doi=10.1666/11-034.1}} ''cited in'' {{cite web|author= Paleobiological Database|title= Acmarhachis whittingtoni|accessdate= 25 October 2013|url= http://fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?taxon_no=234822&action=basicTaxonInfo}}</ref>

== Description ==
Like all Agnostida, ''Acmarhachis'' is diminutive and the headshield (or [[Cephalon (arthropod head)#Trilobites|cephalon]]) and tailshield (or [[pygidium]]) are of approximately the same size (or [[Pygidium#Trilobites|isopygous]]) and outline. As in all Agnostina, ''Acmarhachis'' has two [[thorax]] segments. When Agnostina are enroled, a tiny opening between the cephalon and the thorax becomes visible (the cephalothoracic aperture) that uniquely distinguishes this group from the [[Eodiscina]]. A feature shared with all Agnostoidea is that the frontal lobe of the central raised area of the cephalon (or glabella) is not laterally expanded compared to the backward lobe, like in the [[Condylopygoidea]]. In ''Acmarhachis'' the furrow at midline between the front of the glabella and the border is weak or absent. The glabella has a long [[Ogive|ogival]] to [[Rectangle|subquadrate]] front lobe, and the furrow defining it at its back is straight. The back lobe of the glabella is accompanied by two triangular basal lobes of moderate to large size. On the pygidium the axis or rhachis reaches the border. It is divided along its length in three lobes. It is shaped a bit like an [[amphora]], the back pointed and strongly constricted across the middle lobe. The middle lobe also carries a node where it contacts the posterior lobe.<ref name='Treatise'/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Agnostida]]
[[Category:Cambrian trilobites of Australia]]
[[Category:Fossils of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Cambrian trilobites of North America]]
[[Category:Cambrian trilobites of Asia]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Newfoundland and Labrador]]
[[Category:Paleontology in the Northwest Territories]]

Sphaeragnostus

2017-02-28T04:49:34Z

Abyssal: added Category:Paleontology in Quebec using HotCat

{{Taxobox
| fossil_range = {{Geological range|Ordovician}}
| image = Sphaeragnostus cingulatus linedrawing.jpg
| image_upright = 0.5
| image_caption = ''Sphaeragnostus cingulatus'', linedrawing
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Trilobita]]
| ordo = [[Agnostida]]
| familia = '''Sphaeragnostidae'''
| familia_authority = Kobayashi, 1939
| genus = '''''Sphaeragnostus'''''
| genus_authority = Howell & Resser in Cooper & Kindle, 1936
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision =
* ''S. similaris'' (Barrande, 1872) ([[Type (biology)|Type]]) synonym ''Agnostus similaris''
* ''S. cingulatus'' (Olin, 1906) synonym ''Agnostus cingulatus'', ''S. cerus'', ''S. gaspensis europeensis'', ''S. subcircularis''<ref name='Ahlberg'>{{cite journal|last=Ahlberg|first=P.|year=1989|title=Agnostid trilobites from the Upper Ordovician of Sweden and Bornholm, Denmark|journal= Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark|volume= 37|pages= 213–226|url= http://2dgf.dk/xpdf/bull37_03-04-213-226.pdf}}</ref>
* ''S. gaspensis gaspensis'' Howell & Resser in Cooper & Kindle, 1936
* ''S. gaspensis quxianensis'' Ju in Qiu et al, 1983
* ''S. nudatus'' Koroleva, 1982
* ''S. orientalis'' Petrunina
}}

'''''Sphaeragnostus''''' is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] from a well-known class of [[fossil]] marine [[arthropod]]s, the [[trilobite]]s. It can be recognized by having two thorax segments, a totally effaced headshield (or cephalon), while the tailshield (or pygidium) although effaced, has a clear furrow parallel to its border, and a short, convex, subcircular axis. It lived during the Ordovician (upper [[Tremadocian|Tremadoc]] to [[Ashgill]]).<ref name="Treatise">Whittington, H. B. et al. Part O, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Revised, Volume 1 – Trilobita – Introduction, Order Agnostida, Order Redlichiida. 1997</ref>

== Taxonomy ==
It is difficult to relate ''Sphaeragnostus'' to other agnostids, and it is undecided whether this genus should be assigned to the Agnostoidea, the Condylopygoidea, or a new monotypic superfamily.<ref name='Ahlberg'/>

== Distribution ==
* ''S. similaris'' has been found in the Middle Ordovian of the Czech Republic (Llandeilo of Bohemia, Dobrotivå Formation).
* ''S. cingulatus'' is known from the Upper Ordovician of Sweden (Koången, Lindegård near Lund, and Scania, Jerrestad Mudstone Formation), Denmark (Vasegård, Læså, Bornholm, Jerrestad Mudstone), Poland (Brzezinki) and China (Katian of Jiangxi, western Zhejiang and Subei, Gansu).
* ''S. gaspensis'' was collected from the Upper Ordovician of Canada (Grande Coupe beds, Percé, Quebec)
* ''S. nudatus'' has been excavated from the Upper Ordovician of Kazakhstan (lower Majlisor horizon, Caradoc).<ref name='Ahlberg'/>

== Description ==
Like all Agnostida, ''Sphaeragnostus'' is diminutive and the [[Cephalon (arthropod head)#Trilobites|cephalon]] and [[pygidium]] are of approximately the same size and outline (or isopygious). Like all Agnostina, Sphaeragnostus has only two [[Trilobite#Thorax|thorax]] segments. The cephalon is externally totally effaced and lacks border furrows, axial furrows, and the glabellar node. The pleural regions of thorax segments are very small, while the axis is very wide (perpendicular to the midline) and remarkably short (along the axis). The pygidium has well-defined border furrows and narrow borders. Axial furrows define a short, broad, convex, subcircular, and unfurrowed axis, that bears both axial and terminal nodes. It lacks a median postaxial furrow. If there are spines on the ”rear corners” of the pygidium, these are minute.<ref name="Treatise"/>

=== Differences with Leiagnostus ===
Cephalons of ''Sphaeragnostus'' are extremely effaced and look much like ''[[Leiagnostus]]'' species. Pygidia of ''Sphaeragnostus'' however, differ from other highly effaced genera in a smooth but easily recognizable subcircular axis.

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Agnostida]]
[[Category:Ordovician trilobites]]
[[Category:Fossils of Canada]]
[[Category:Fossils of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Fossils of Poland]]
[[Category:Fossils of Denmark]]
[[Category:Fossils of Sweden]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Fossils of China]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Quebec]]

Symphysops

2017-02-28T04:48:32Z

Abyssal: added Category:Paleontology in Newfoundland and Labrador using HotCat

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| image = Cyclopigid cephalon lateral CRF.jpg
| image_caption = probably ''Symphysops stevaninae'', cephalon 24mm long, lateral view, found near Alnif, Morocco, from the Ordovician
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|463|444|Middle to Upper [[Ordovician]]}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[trilobite|Trilobita]]
| ordo = [[Asaphida]]
| subordo =
| superfamilia = [[Cyclopygoidea]]
| familia = [[Cyclopygidae]]
| subfamilia = Pricyclopyginae
| genus = '''''Symphysops'''''
| genus_authority = Raymond, 1925
| subdivision_ranks = [[species]]
| subdivision =
* ''S. armatus'' ([[Joachim Barrande|Barrande]], 1872)'' ([[Type (biology)|type]]) [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] ''Aeglina armata''
* ''S. dejhaglensis'' Kolova, 1936
* ''S. mitrata'' (Novak, 1883)'' synonym ''Aeglina mitrata''<ref>{{cite journal|last= Novak|first= O. |year= 1883|title= Zur Kenntnis der böhmischen Trilobiten|journal= Beiträge zur Paläontology von Österreich- Ungarns und des Orients|volume= 3|issue= 1-2|pages= 23–83|url= http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/BPalOeU_003_0023-0063.pdf|accessdate= 14 June 2013}}</ref>
* ''S. sinensis'' Han, 1983
* ''S. spinifera'' Cooper & Kindle, 1936
* ''S. stevaninae'' López-Soriano & Corbacho, 2012
* ''S. subarmatus '' (Reed, 1914)''
** ''S. subarmatus subarmatus''
** ''S. subarmatus elongatus'' [[Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska|Kielan]], 1959
* ''S. sulcatus'' (Barrande, 1872)'' synonym ''Aeglina sulcata''
}}
'''''Symphysops''''' is a genus of [[trilobite]]s of average size, belonging to the [[Cyclopygidae]] family. It had a cosmopolitan distribution and lived from the Middle to the Upper Ordovician ([[Llanvirn]] to [[Ashgill]]). It has been found in Canada (Quebec and Newfoundland), China, the Czech Republic (Bohemia), Iran, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Poland, Morocco, Spain, Scotland and Wales.<ref name='Treatise'>Whittington, H. B. et al. Part O, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Revised, Volume 1 – Trilobita – Introduction, Order Agnostida, Order Redlichiida. 1997</ref> The name ''Symphysops'' refers to the fused eyes, common to the species of this genus. Some (sub)species of the cyclopygid genera [[Cyclopyge (trilobite)|''Cyclopyge'']] and ''[[Pricyclopyge]]'' share this character, but ''Symphysops'' uniquely combines the merged eye with a frontal thorn on the head and the "lower eyelid".

== Etymology ==
''Symphysops'' is the combination of the Ancient Greek σύν (syn) "together", φύσις (physis) "growth" and ὄψις (opsis) "sight", referring to the fused eyes.

== Description ==
''Symphysops'' is characterized by large [[Arthropod eye#Trilobite eyes|eyes]] that merge at the front of the headshield (or [[Cephalon (arthropod head)#Trilobite cephalon|cephalon]]) to form what looks like a [[Geordi La Forge#VISOR|visor]] with at the back a wide free cheek. The remainder of the cephalon is filled by the [[Cephalon (arthropod head)#Trilobite cephalon|glabella]], which in most species extends into a forward pointing thorn at its frontal tip. The occipital ring cannot be distinguish from the rest of the glabella, which has two pair of transverse furrows, the rear pair distinct, and the frontal pair very shallow. The thorax consists of six segments, the frontal segment carrying backward directed pleural spines.<ref>{{cite journal|last1= López-Soriano|first1= F.J.|last2= Corbacho|first2= J.|year= 2012|title= A new species of Symphysops from the Upper Ordovician of Morocco [Una nueva especie de Symphysops del Ordovícico Superior de Marruecos]|journal= Battaleria|volume= 17|pages= 1–8|url= http://www.elfosil.com/symphysops.htm.pdf|accessdate= 14 June 2013}}</ref>

== Ecology ==
[[File:Symphysopsis eyes frontal.jpg|thumb|left|The fused eyes of a cyclopygid, probably ''Symphysops stevaninae'' 30mm wide, frontal view, collected near Zagora, Morocco]]
''Symphysops'' has features typically associated with a pelagic lifestyle, among which very large eyes, compact thorax and indications of strong musculature. In some later cyclopygids, progressive enlargement resulted in the anterior fusion of their eyes. Given the weight of the [[Dorsal (anatomy)|dorsal]] [[exoskeleton]], it is likely cyclopygids swam upside down, not unlike some [[Extant taxon|extant]] [[crustacean]]s with pelagic lifestyles.

''Symphysops'' is often found in the company of other pelagic trilobites such as ''Cyclopyge'', ''Degamella'', ''Opipeuterella'' and ''Carolinites''.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Portal|Paleontology}}

[[Category:Cyclopygidae]]
[[Category:Asaphida genera]]
[[Category:Ordovician trilobites]]
[[Category:Fossils of Canada]]
[[Category:Fossils of China]]
[[Category:Fossils of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Fossils of Iran]]
[[Category:Fossils of Ireland]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Fossils of Poland]]
[[Category:Fossils of Morocco]]
[[Category:Fossils of Spain]]
[[Category:Fossils of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Prehistoric animals of China]]
[[Category:Middle Ordovician first appearances]]
[[Category:Late Ordovician extinctions]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Quebec]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Newfoundland and Labrador]]

{{trilobite-stub}}

Kazaklambia

2017-02-27T23:58:45Z

Abyssal: added Category:Paleontology in Kazakhstan using HotCat

{{Automatic taxobox
| image =
| fossil_range = [[Late Cretaceous]], {{fossilrange|86.3|83.6}}
| authority = Phil R. Bell & Kirstin S. Brink, [[2013 in paleontology|2013]]
| type_species = {{extinct}}'''''Procheneosaurus convincens'''''
| type_species_authority = [[Anatoly Konstantinovich Rozhdestvensky|A. K. Rozhdestvensky]], [[1968 in paleontology|1968]]
| synonyms =
'''''[[Corythosaurus]] convincens''''' (Rozhdestvensky, 1968)
}}

'''''Kazaklambia''''' is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of herbivorous [[lambeosaurine]] [[dinosaur]] known from the [[Late Cretaceous]] [[Dabrazinskaya Svita]] ([[Santonian]] stage) of southern [[Kazakhstan]]. It contains a single species, '''''Kazaklambia convincens'''''.<ref name=Kazaklambia>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bell | first1 = P. R. | last2 = Brink | first2 = K. S. | title = ''Kazaklambia convincens'' comb. nov., a primitive juvenile lambeosaurine from the Santonian of Kazakhstan | doi = 10.1016/j.cretres.2013.05.003 | journal = Cretaceous Research | year = 2013 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref>

''Kazaklambia'' was first described in [[1968 in paleontology|1968]] as a species of ''[[Procheneosaurus]]'' by [[Anatoly Konstantinovich Rozhdestvensky]]: ''Procheneosaurus convincens''. The [[specific name (zoology)|specific name]] refers to the fact that the specimen, the most complete dinosaur fossil ever discovered on Soviet territory, convincingly proved that dinosaurs could be found above the so-called "dinosaur horizon".<ref name=AKR68>{{cite book |last=Rozhdestvensky |first=A.K. |authorlink=Anatoly Konstantinovich Rozhdestvensky |editor=Tatarinov L.P. et al. (eds.) |title=Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic Amphibians and Reptiles |year=1968 |publisher=Akademia Nauk SSSR |location=Moscow |language=Russian |pages=97–141 |chapter=Hadrosaurs of Kazakhstan }}</ref> After having for a time been referred to as ''[[Corythosaurus]] convincens'', it was given its own genus in [[2013 in paleontology|2013]] by [[Phil R. Bell]] and [[Kirstin S. Brink]].<ref name=Kazaklambia/>

''Kazaklambia'' is known from a nearly complete [[skeleton]] of a [[juvenile (organism)|juvenile]] missing only the snout, the front of the lower jaws, some dorsal vertebrae and end of the tail, [[holotype]] '''PIN 2230''', found by G.A. Belenkiy in 1961.<ref>G.A. Belen’kiy, “Geological structure of the Tashkent area Chule,” Tashkent Gos. Univ., New Series, No. 181, pp. 1-181, 1961</ref> Although some studies considered it to be possibly synonymous with ''[[Jaxartosaurus aralensis]]'',<ref name=HWF04>{{cite book |last=Horner |first=John R. |authorlink=Jack Horner (paleontologist) |author2=Weishampel, David B. |author3= Forster, Catherine A |editor=Weishampel, David B. |editor2=Dodson, Peter |editor3=Osmólska Halszka (eds.)|title=The Dinosauria |edition=2nd |year= 2004|publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=0-520-24209-2 |pages=438–463 |chapter=Hadrosauridae }}</ref> others found the species to be valid.<ref name=NS00>{{cite book |last=Norman |first=David B. |authorlink=David B. Norman |author2=Sues, Hans-Dieter |editor=Benton, Michael J. |editor2=Shishkin, Mikhail A. |editor3=Unwin, David M. |editor4=Kurochkin, Evgenii N. |title=The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia |year=2000 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=0-521-55476-4 |pages=462–479 |chapter=Ornithopods from Kazakhstan, Mongolia and Siberia }}</ref>

Bell & Brink suggested that ''Kazaklambia'' is morphologically distinct from other [[Eurasian]] taxa and known juvenile lambeosaurines at a similar [[Ontogeny|ontogenetic stage]] in having a prefrontal process of the postorbital with a thickened dome lateral to the frontal dome, doming of the [[nasal bone|nasal]] above and in front of the [[Orbit (anatomy)|orbit]], and a frontal length/width ratio of less than one.

Bell and Brink (2013) assigned ''Kazaklambia'' to the [[Lambeosaurinae]], in a basal position. [[Morphometrics]] and [[Morphology (biology)|morphological]] information suggest that ''Kazaklambia'' might be closely related to the basal lambeosaurines from Asia ''[[Amurosaurus]]'' and ''[[Tsintaosaurus]]'', which was seen as proving an Asian origin of the Lambeosaurinae.<ref name=Kazaklambia/>

==See also==
* [[Timeline of hadrosaur research]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{portal|Dinosaurs}}

[[Category:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2013]]
[[Category:Lambeosaurines]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Kazakhstan]]

Samrukia

2016-11-30T07:40:46Z

Abyssal: removed Category:Pterosaurs; added Category:Pterodactyloids using HotCat

{{italictitle}}{{speciesbox
| name = ''Samrukia''
| fossil_range = [[Late Cretaceous]], {{fossil range|84}}
| image =
| image_caption =
| genus = Samrukia
| species = nessovi
| parent_authority = [[Darren Naish|Naish]] ''et al.'', 2012
| authority = Naish ''et al.'', 2012
}}
'''''Samrukia''''' is a genus of large [[Cretaceous]] [[pterosaur]]s known only from a single [[ramus of the mandible|lower jaw]] discovered in [[Kazakhstan]]. The [[holotype]] and only known specimen was collected from the [[Santonian]]-[[Campanian]] age [[Bostobynskaya Formation]] in [[Kyzylorda District]]. It was described by [[Darren Naish]], [[Gareth Dyke]], Andrea Cau, François Escuillié, and [[Pascal Godefroit]] in 2012, and the [[type species]] is named '''''Samrukia nessovi'''''. The species is named after [[Lev Nessov]], a paleontologist, and the genus is named after [[Samruk]], a magical bird of [[Kazakh folklore]].

==Classification==
The type specimen of ''Samrukia'' was at first believed to belong to an [[oviraptorosauria]]n [[theropod]] dinosaur. An initial [[cladistic]] analysis by Naish ''et al.'' found ''Samrukia nessovi'' instead to be a basal member of the bird lineage [[Ornithuromorpha]]. They interpreted ''Samrukia'' as a very large bird (the jawbone is twice as long as that of an [[ostrich]]), but noted that it is not known whether ''Samrukia'' would have been able to fly (in which case they would have had wingspans of roughly {{convert|4|m|ft|abbr=on}}) or not (in which case they would have been around {{convert|2|–|3|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall).<ref name=Samrukia></ref><ref name="tetzoo"/>

A subsequent analysis published by [[Eric Buffetaut]] in 2011 challenged the interpretation of ''Samrukia nessovi'' as a bird. Buffetaut challenged the identification of certain "avian" characteristics identified by Naish ''et al.'', claiming that none were definitely avian and that many were in fact well-known among [[pterosaur]]s. He noted that all purported [[autapomorphies]] of ''Samrukia'', the unique traits used to set it apart from other birds, are shared with pterosaurs. He also criticized the earlier cladistic analysis for not including pterosaurs, but only birds and other theropod dinosaurs. Buffetaut stated that the species is "clearly a large pterosaur, not a giant bird."<ref name=buffetaut2011>Buffetaut, E. (2011). "''Samrukia nessovi'', from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan: A large pterosaur, not a giant bird." ''Annales de Paléontologie'', '''97'''(3–4): 133–138. {{doi|10.1016/j.annpal.2011.10.001}}</ref>

One of the original researchers who described ''Samrukia'', Darren Naish, agreed with Buffetaut's re-assessment. Naish wrote on his ''[[Scientific American]]'' Web log ''Tetrapod Zoology'': "Working on fragmentary material is dangerous since you can often get things very, very wrong, and I realised within a few days of the paper appearing that ''Samrukia'' was no bird. It seemed, in fact, to be a pterosaur."<ref name=tetzoo2>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/tetrapod-zoology/2012/01/25/happy-6th-birthday-tetrapod-zoology-part-ii/|title=Happy 6th Birthday, Tetrapod Zoology (part II)|last1 = Naish|first1 = Darren|work=Tetrapod Zoology|date=January 5, 2012|accessdate=May 31, 2012}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="tetzoo">{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/tetrapod-zoology/2011/08/09/say-hello-to-samrukia/|title=Big birds in the Cretaceous of Central Asia: say hello to ''Samrukia''|last1 = Naish|first1 = Darren|work=Tetrapod Zoology|date=August 9, 2011|accessdate=August 9, 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="Samrukia">{{cite journal |authors=Naish, D., Dyke, G., Cau, A., Escuillié, F., and Godefroit, P. |year=2012 |title=A gigantic bird from the Upper Cretaceous of Central Asia |journal=Biology Letters |volume=8|number=1|pages= 97–100|doi=10.1098/rsbl.2011.0683 |pmid=21835881 |pmc=3259976}}</ref>
}}
{{portal|Paleontology}}
[[Category:Late Cretaceous pterosaurs of Asia]]
[[Category:Pterodactyloids]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2012]]
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Darren Naish]]

Neocomian Sands

2016-11-02T15:37:09Z

Abyssal: removed Category:Hauterivian; added Category:Hauterivian Stage using HotCat

{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Neocomian Sands
| image =
| caption =
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| age = [[Berriasian]]-[[Hauterivian]]
| prilithology =
| otherlithology =
| namedfor =
| namedby =
| region =
| country = [[Kazakhstan]]
| coordinates =
| unitof =
| subunits =
| underlies =
| overlies =
| thickness =
| extent =
| area =
| map =
| map_caption =
}}

The '''Neocomian Sands''' is an [[Early Cretaceous]] geologic [[Formation (geology)|formation]]. [[Dinosaur]] remains have been recovered from it.<ref name="dinosaurdistribution">Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.</ref>

==Paleofauna==
* [[Embasaurus]] minax - "Vertebrae."<ref name="table-4-1-78">"Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.</ref> - (theropod indet)

==See also==
{{Portal|Earth sciences|Paleontology|Dinosaurs||}}
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]
** [[List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera]]

==Footnotes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

[[Category:Lower Cretaceous Series of Asia]]
[[Category:Berriasian Stage]]
[[Category:Valanginian Stage]]
[[Category:Hauterivian Stage]]

{{Kazakhstan-stub}}
{{geologic-formation-stub}}

Zhirkindek Formation

2016-11-01T21:40:41Z

Abyssal: removed Category:Mesozoic geologic formations; added Category:Mesozoic Erathem using HotCat

{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Zhirkindek Formation
| image =
| caption =
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| age = [[Cretaceous]]
| prilithology =
| otherlithology =
| namedfor =
| namedby =
| region = [[Asia]]
| country = [[Kazakhstan]]
| coordinates =
| unitof =
| subunits =
| underlies =
| overlies =
| thickness =
| extent =
| area =
| map =
| map_caption =
}}

The '''Zhirkindek Formation''' is a [[Mesozoic]] geologic [[Formation (geology)|formation]] in [[Kazakhstan]]. [[Pterosaur]] fossils have been recovered from the formation.<ref>{{cite web|title= Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database|author= Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database|url= http://www.fossilworks.org/|accessdate= 11 August 2014}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Paleontology}}
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]
* [[List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kazakhstan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord missing|Kazakhstan}}

[[Category:Mesozoic Erathem]]
[[Category:Geology of Kazakhstan]]

{{geologic-formation-stub}}
{{Kazakhstan-geo-stub}}
{{paleo-site-stub}}

Indricotherium Formation

2016-03-08T23:42:11Z

Abyssal: removed Category:Cenozoic paleontological sites of Asia; added Category:Cenozoic Erathem of Asia using HotCat

The '''Indricotherium Formation''' is a [[paleontology|palaeontological]] formation located in [[Kazakhstan]]. It dates to the [[Oligocene]] period.

It is named after ''[[Paraceratherium]]'', also commonly known as ''Indricotherium'', an [[extinction|extinct]] [[genus]] of gigantic hornless [[rhinoceros]]-like mammals of the family [[Hyracodontidae]].

== See also ==
* [[List of fossil sites]]

==References==
* {{aut|Vickers-Rich, Patricia & Rich, Thomas Hewett}} (1993); ''Wildlife of Gondwana''. Reed. ISBN 0-7301-0315-3

[[Category:Paleogene Asia]]
[[Category:Oligocene geology]]
[[Category:Geography of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Cenozoic Erathem of Asia]]
[[Category:Paleontology in Kazakhstan]]

{{Kazakhstan-stub}}
{{geologic-formation-stub}}

Balabansai Formation

2016-03-08T23:37:39Z

Abyssal: removed Category:Jurassic paleontological sites of Asia; added Category:Jurassic System of Asia using HotCat

{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Balabansai Formation
| image =
| caption =
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| age = [[Late Jurassic]]
| prilithology =
| otherlithology =
| namedfor =
| namedby =
| region = [[Asia]]
| country = {{flag|Kazakhstan}}
| coordinates =
| unitof =
| subunits =
| underlies =
| overlies =
| thickness =
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}}

The '''Balabansai Formation''' (or '''Balabansai Svita''') is a geological [[Formation (geology)|formation]] in Asia whose strata date back to the [[Late Jurassic]]. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.<ref name="latejurassicdistribution">Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Jurassic, Asia)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 550–552. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.</ref>

==Vertebrate paleofauna==
Indeterminate Avialae remains located in [[Ongtustik Qazaqstan oblysy|Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy]], Kazakhstan.<ref name="latejurassicdistribution" />

{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |'''[[Dinosaur]]s of the Balabansai Formation'''
|-
! Genus
! Species
! Presence
! Notes
|-
|
''[[Praeornis]]''<ref name="latejurassicdistribution" />
|
''P. sharovi''<ref name="latejurassicdistribution" />
|
# Geographically located in [[Ongtustik Qazaqstan oblysy|Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy]], Kazakhstan.<ref name="latejurassicdistribution" />
|
|-
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Earth sciences|Paleontology|Dinosaurs||}}
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord missing|Kazakhstan}}

[[Category:Jurassic System of Asia]]

{{paleo-site-stub}}
{{Kazakhstan-geo-stub}}

Eginsai Svita

2016-03-08T23:23:30Z

Abyssal: removed Category:Cretaceous paleontological sites of Asia; added Category:Upper Cretaceous Series of Asia using HotCat

{{Orphan|date=February 2009}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Eginsai Svita
| image =
| caption =
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| age = [[Late Cretaceous]]
| prilithology =
| otherlithology =
| namedfor =
| namedby =
| region = [[Asia]]
| country =
| coordinates =
| unitof =
| subunits =
| underlies =
| overlies =
| thickness =
| extent =
| area =
| map =
| map_caption =
}}
The '''Eginsai Svita''' is a geological [[Formation (geology)|formation]] in Kazakhstan whose strata date back to the [[Late Cretaceous]]. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.<ref name="cretaceousdistribution">Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Cretaceous, Asia)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 593-600. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.</ref>

==Vertebrate paleofauna==
* Asiahesperonis bazhanovi - "Vertebrae, tarsometatarsus, and tibiotarsus."<ref name="table-11-1-215">"Table 11.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 215.</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Paleontology}}
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord missing|Kazakhstan}}

[[Category:Upper Cretaceous Series of Asia]]

{{Kazakhstan-geo-stub}}
{{paleo-site-stub}}

Dombarigloria

2015-12-10T16:14:42Z

Abyssal: removed Category:Carboniferous ammonites; added Category:Mississippian ammonites using HotCat

{{Taxobox
| fossil_range =
| image =
| image_width =
| image_caption =
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Mollusca]]
| classis = [[Cephalopod]]a
| subclassis = †[[Ammonoidea]]
| ordo = [[Goniatitida]]
| subordo = [[Goniatitina]]
| superfamilia = [[Neoglyphiocerataceae]]
| familia = [[Cravenoceratidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Cravenoceratinae]]
|genus = '''''Dombarigloria'''''
| genus_authority =
|subdivision_ranks =
|subdivision =
}}

'''''Dombarigloria''''' is a genus belonging to the [[goniatitida|goniatitid]] family [[Cravenoceratidae]]; extinct [[ammonoidea|ammonoids]] which are shelled cephalopods more closely related to squid, octopus and other coleoids than to the superficially similar ''[[Nautilus]]''

''Dombarigloria'' (Saunders et al. 1999) one of the three earliest genera in the Cravenoceratidae, appearing in the middle Lower [[Carboniferous]] (Mississippian). ''Dombarigloria'' is derived from the cravenoceratid ''[[Pachylyroceras]]''.

==''References''==
* Saunders et al. 1999; Evolution of Complexity in Paleozoic Ammonoid Sutures, Supplementary Material; Science Mag. [http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/1043099.dtl]

* [http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl The Paleobiology Database] accessed on 10/01/07

[[Category:Mississippian ammonites]]
[[Category:Goniatitida]]
{{Ammonite-stub}}
[[Category:Fossils of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Ammonites of Asia]]