Almaty Metro

2017-04-15T05:48:31Z

5.251.153.12: /* External links */

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Refimprove|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox public transit
|image = AlmatyMetroLogo.png
|imagesize = 95px
|image2 = Поезд Алматинского метро.jpg
|imagesize2 = 350px
|caption2 =
|native_name = Алматы метрополитені
|locale = [[Almaty]], [[Kazakhstan]]
|transit_type = [[Rapid transit]]
|lines = 1<ref name="asmetro" />
|stations = 9
|ridership = 17,970 (average, 2013)
|annual_ridership = 6.56 million (2013)<ref name="asmetro" />
|website = {{url|www.metroalmaty.kz|KGP Metro Almaty}}
|began_operation = 1 December 2011
|operator = {{lang|ru-Latn|Almatymetrokurylys}}
|vehicles = 7
|system_length = {{convert|11.3|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="IRJ" />
|track_gauge = {{Track gauge|1520mm|allk=on}}
|average_speed = {{convert|40.0|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}<ref name="zakon1" />
|top_speed =
|map = {{First Line (Almaty)}}
|map_state =
}}

'''Almaty Metro''' ({{lang-kk| Алматы метрополитені}}; {{lang-ru|Алматинский метрополитен}}) is a [[rapid transit|rapid transit/metro]] system in [[Almaty]], [[Kazakhstan]]. The first line of the system was opened on 1 December 2011, after more than 23 years of construction.<ref name="zakon1" /><ref name="RGI1" /> A {{convert|2.9|km|mi|adj=on}}, two-station extension of the Metro to Moskva station opened on 18 April 2015.<ref name="IRJ">{{cite journal |first=Alexander|last=Kava |url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/metros/presidential-opening-for-almaty-metro-extension.html |title=Presidential opening for Almaty metro extension |journal=[[International Railway Journal]] |date=20 April 2015 |accessdate=2015-04-20}}</ref>

The metro system became the second metro in [[Central Asia]], after the [[Tashkent Metro]] in [[Uzbekistan]], the first one [[Tashkent Metro#Rules and restrictions|not considered a military installation]], and the sixteenth metro in the former Soviet Union region.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}

==History==
[[Image:E8584-Almaty-Metro-construction-of-Abay-station.jpg|thumb|Construction of [[Abay Station]], September 2007]]
Construction of the Almaty Metro began on 7 September 1988<ref name="zakon1" /> when Kazakhstan was still part of the [[Soviet Union]]. However, following the [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|collapse]] of the Soviet Union, funds from [[Moscow]] dried up and the new Kazakhstani government was unable to continue construction. Efforts to preserve the already-completed work were made, but the high cost led to the accumulation of large debts to construction workers.{{citation needed|date=January 2014}}

In 2003, the government of Kazakhstan laid out a new development initiative which included government funds for continued construction on the metro.

===Construction===

By 2005, the construction programme, now under the control of President [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]], received commitments for 72 million [[Kazakhstani tenge|tenge]] for 2006–2008.{{citation needed|date=January 2014}}

In May 2007, the tunnel between the Almaly and Abai stations was completed on the night of 24/25 May. The tunnel is {{convert|1.271|km|mi}} in length. At the connection point, it is situated at a depth of {{convert|73|m|ft}}. The tunnel from Abai towards Baikonur ({{convert|1.526|km|mi}} in length) was finished at the end of 2007. Another tunnel on this span was finished in the middle of 2008.

The construction cost on the first line is estimated at 101 billion tenge ($1 billion USD).{{citation needed|date=May 2014}}

The first section of the Metro opened 1 December 2011,<ref name="zakon1">{{cite news |url=http://www.zakon.kz/site_main_news/4460872-v-almaty-otkrylsja-metropoliten.html |script-title=ru:В Алматы открылся Метрополитен |website=zakon.kz |language=Russian |trans_title=Opening of the Almaty Metro |date=1 December 2011 |accessdate=2013-11-01}}</ref><ref name="RGI1">{{cite journal |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/urban/single-view/view/phase-2-funded-as-almaty-metro-opens.html |title=Almaty metro opens and Phase 2 funded |journal=[[Railway Gazette International]] |date=2 December 2011 |accessdate=2015-04-20}}</ref> operating on {{convert|8.54|km|mi|1}} of route and serving seven stations<ref name="asmetro">{{cite web |url=http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2013.pdf |script-title=ru:ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕХНИКО-ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ МЕТРОПОЛИТЕНОВ ЗА 2013 ГОД. |publisher=Международная Ассоциация "Метро" [International Association of Metros] |website=asmetro.ru |language=Russian |trans_title=Main technical and operational specifications for Subways for Year 2013. |format=pdf |pages=1,3 |year=2013 |accessdate=2014-05-13}}</ref> (four deep-level stations and three sub-surface stations).

Construction on the expansion to Sairan and Moskva stations started in 2011,{{citation needed|date=May 2014}} and opened for service on 18 April 2015, adding another {{convert|2.9|km|mi}} of route and two stations to the Metro.

==Operations==

{{As of|2015|04}}, the Almaty Metro has a [[network length (transport)|route length]] of {{convert|11.3|km|mi|1}}<ref name="IRJ" /> and serves nine stations.

The Almaty Metro owns 28 [[train car]]s<ref name="asmetro" /> which generally operate as seven four-car trainsets on the line.{{citation needed|date=May 2014}}

==Passenger numbers==
12.4 million passengers used the metro in 2016, an increase on the 10.6 million who used it in 2015.<ref name="asttime">{{cite news |author=Zhazira Dyussembekova |url=http://astanatimes.com/2017/01/almaty-metro-prepares-for-universiade/ |title=Almaty Metro Prepares for Universiade |website=The Astana Times|date=18 January 2017 |accessdate=2017-01-22}}</ref> Daily passenger numbers varied from 17,000 per day on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays to up to 45,000 people who used it on working days.<ref name="asttime"/>

==Future plans==

The Metro will expand in the future. Upon completion, the metro system is planned to total {{convert|45|km|mi}} in length.<ref name="bnews1">{{cite news |author= |url=http://www.bnews.kz/kk/videonews/post/63902/ |title=Қазақстан Президенті Алматыдағы метрополитеннің бірінші кезегінің ашылу салтанатына қатысты – Бейнежаңалықтар – Бүгінгі Қазақстан жаңалықтары. |website=Bnews.kz |date= |accessdate=2014-02-25}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of metro systems]]
* [[Trams in Almaty]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Almaty Metro}}
* [http://www.metroalmaty.kz KGP Metro Almaty – official site]
* [http://trackmap.ru/img/tm_almaty.png Almaty Metro Track Map]
* [http://urbanrail.net/as/kz/almaty/almaty.htm Almaty Metro at ''UrbanRail.net'']
* [http://www.subways.net/kazakstan/almaty.htm Almaty Metro at ''Subways.net'']
* [http://www.almaty-kazakhstan.net/travel/almaty-metro/ English Guide to the Almaty Metro]
* [http://www.theatlanticcities.com/commute/2012/01/after-23-years-kazakhstans-subway-system-opens-its-doors/1061/# The Atlantic Cities - In Kazakhstan, A Beautiful, Futuristic New Subway System]

[[Category:Almaty Metro| ]]
[[Category:Transport in Almaty| ]]

Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Almaty Metro