Republic Square, Almaty

2017-02-04T20:32:21Z

2601:CA:C203:F900:1882:974:968B:EF5F:

{{Infobox Historic Site
| name = Republic Square
| native_name = Республика алаңы
| native_language = Kazakh
| native_name2 =
| native_language2 =
| other_name = Independence Square
| image = Republic Square, Almaty.jpg
| image_size = 340px
| caption =
| locmapin = Kazakhstan
| coordinates = {{coord|43|14|18|N|76|56|43|E|region:KZ|display=inline,title}}
| location = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Almaty]], [[Kazakhstan]]
| area =
| built = 1980
| architecture = | governing_body =
}}

'''Republic Square''' is the main square in [[Almaty]], [[Kazakhstan]]. It is used for public events. The former presidential palace, now used as municipal offices, is on its south side.<ref>{{cite book |title=Kazakhstan |last=Brummell |first=Paul |year=2012 |publisher=[[Bradt Travel Guides]] |page=139 |isbn=9781841623696}}</ref>

==History==
The area was created by the decision of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakhstan [[Dinmukhamed Kunayev]], since an increase in population of the city, the old square during festival events could not accommodate all the residents of the city. The area opened in 1980 as a main new square of the capital of Kazakhstan, which for rest of the period until the collapse of the Soviet Union, served as a place for mass demonstrations, celebrations, festivals, military parades, rallies, festivals. The area was planted with deciduous and coniferous trees. In 1981, Kunayev and party workers planted along the walkway area of 70 Tien Shan firs.

In 1986, an infamous uprising known as [[Jeltoqsan]] occurred in the square. Where a group of crowd gathered to protest over Kunayev's dismissal. The events lasted from 16 December until 19 December 1986. The protests began in the morning of 17 December, as a [[student demonstration]] attracted thousands of participants as they marched through Brezhnev Square across to the CPK Central Committee building. As the result, internal troops and [[OMON]] forces entered the city, violence erupted throughout the city which around 200 people were killed.

In 1992, the basic, most important and favorite holiday was celebrated in the square. For the first time began to celebrate [[Nauryz]]. Unlike before, during [[Perestroika]] where the holiday was only allowed to celebrate at the old square. Every year on 22 March, from morning to midnight thousands of Almaty residents came to the square to celebrate the national holiday of the vernal equinox - Nauryz. In the square, every year on March 22, tents were put out, which sold baursaks, leather, rice and soft drinks. Festive concerts were also held by famous Kazakh stars.

In 2007, the square began construction of underground shopping and entertainment center, which demolished granite platform. Because of the construction zone, 60% of the area was closed by a fence, a large part of the Tien Shan fir trees were cut down, the movement of vehicles became limited. Before 2012, a symbol of independence for all Kazakhs - the Republic Square was disfigured by pits and wells. Residents negatively reacted to the construction, as the celebration of Nauryz was impossible for it to be held.

In 2012, the construction of the underground shopping center was finally over, however the celebration of Nauryz was still restricted until 2014 which the celebration was finally allowed.

==Architectural monuments==
The area previously had a status of state monuments of architecture and urban planning. In 2015, it was ruled into the State list of historical and cultural monuments of local importance in Almaty.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/V15R0001165 |title = List of sites deprived of the status of the monument of history and culture |archiveurl = https://archive.is/BBL5p |archivedate = 2015-11-19}}</ref>

==List of architectural monuments==
* Akimat of Almaty Residence (the former Communist Party of Kazakhstan)
* Residence of the First President of Kazakhstan (former Presidential Palace of Kazakhstan from 1991-1997)
* Republican Schoolchildren's Palace (the former Republican Palace of Pioneers)
* Independence Monument

==Name==
From 1980, the area was named as New Square, in 1982 the area was renamed to Brezhnev Square as a tribute to the death of [[Leonid Brezhnev]]. On April 1, 1988 a published decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet and the USSR Council of Ministers changed the name from Leonid Brezhnev back to New Square again.<ref>{{cite web |publisher = "space" magazine |url = http://lyakhov.kz/chronicle/years/chron88.shtml |title = KAZAKHSTAN Chronicle "P" Year 1988 |accessdate = 10 February 2015 |archiveurl = http://archive.is/1vbk0 |archivedate = 2015-02-10}}</ref> On May 23, 1990, the Supreme Council of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic adopted a resolution to rename New Square to Republic Square.<ref>{{cite web | publisher = Adilet.zan.kz | url = http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/B900007000_| title = to change the name of the New Square in the city of Alma-Ata | accessdate = January 2, 2016 | archiveurl = https://archive.is/6dEV9 | archivedate = 2016-01-02}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode=packed heights=200px>
File:Площадь Республики в Алматы. Июль, 2015 года.JPG|Statue of the Golden Warrior.
File:Акимат Алматы на Площади Республики. Июль, 2015 года.JPG|Akimat (Mayor) Residence.
File:Republic Square at night.jpg|Republic Square at night.
File:Fountains in Republic Square Almaty -2.jpg|Fountains in Republic Square.
File:Independence Monument Zheltoksan.jpg|Jeltoqsan monument.
</gallery>

== Notes ==
{{Notes}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://caravan.kz/webcam-2 Webcam on the Republic Square]

[[Category:Almaty]]
[[Category:National squares]]
[[Category:Squares in Almaty]]
[[Category:Tourism in Almaty]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Almaty]]

Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Republic Square, Almaty