Biy

2017-01-31T00:44:02Z

哲里:

{{Other uses|BIY (disambiguation)}}
[[Image:Kazybek bi.jpg|thumb|Giant likeness of Kazybek Biy in [[Karaganda]], [[Kazakhstan]]]]
'''Biy''' ({{lang-kk|Би}}) were elected [[judge]]s and administrators in [[Kazakhstan]].<ref name=PHILOSOPHY>[http://www.crvp.org/book/Series03/IIIC-2/chap-2.htm Chapter II Common Law Philosophy of the Kazakhs: Potential for Democracy] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061102123051/http://www.crvp.org/book/Series03/IIIC-2/chap-2.htm |date=November 2, 2006 }} Council for Research in Values and Philosophy</ref> Biys are below [[Sultan]]s in rank.<ref name=RANK>[http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=60 Kazakhstan] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311093456/http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=60 |date=March 11, 2007 }} Global Ministries, The United Methodist Church</ref>

According to the website of the [http://www.kazakhembus.com/index.php?mact=Calendar,m0676e,default,1&m0676ereturn_id=180&m0676edetailpage=&m0676eyear=2010&m0676emonth=6&m0676eday=30&m0676edisplay=list&m0676ereturn_link=1&m0676edetail=1&m0676elang=en_GB&m0676ereturnid=180&page=180 Embassy of The Republic of Kazakhstan]:
In the 17th and 18th Centuries the [[nomad]]ic [[Dzungar people|Jungar]] tribes directed by the Chinese Bogdykhans started a large scale war against the [[Kazakh khanate]]. However, thanks to the courage of the “[[Baghatur|batyrs]]” (knights), the decisiveness of the Kazakh leader [[Ablai Khan]], the diplomatic skills of the Kazakh ‘biys’ (sages) [[Tole Bi]], Kazdausty Kazybek Bi, Aiteke Bi, and self-sacrifice of the people, the Kazakhs escaped total capture and physical annihilation.<ref>[http://search.globescope.com/kazakhstan/index.php?page=history Embassy of Kazakhstan - History]</ref><ref>[http://www.kazakhembus.com/index.php?mact=Calendar,m0676e,default,1&m0676ereturn_id=180&m0676edetailpage=&m0676eyear=2010&m0676emonth=6&m0676eday=30&m0676edisplay=list&m0676ereturn_link=1&m0676edetail=1&m0676elang=en_GB&m0676ereturnid=180&page=180 Embassy of Kazakhstan - History]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:History of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Government of Kazakhstan]]

{{Kazakhstan-gov-stub}}
{{CAsia-hist-stub}}

Kazakhstan Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Biy