Section 123 Agreement
From Kazakhstan Encyclopedia
Section 123 of the United States Atomic Energy Act of 1954, titled "Cooperation With Other Nations", establishes an agreement for cooperation as a prerequisite for nuclear deals between the US and any other nation.[1] Such an agreement is called a 123 Agreement.[2] To date, the U.S. has entered into roughly twenty-six 123 Agreements with various countries.[3] Countries with which the U.S. has or had or is working towards having a 123 Agreement include:
- Japan (with automatic re-processing rights)[7]
- Euratom (with automatic re-processing rights)[7]
- China (with re-processing rights, requiring approval per each request)[7]
- Switzerland
- India (With advance consent to reprocessing)[8]
- Russia (On September 8, 2008 Pres. George W. Bush notified the United States Congress that there was no basis for further consideration of a 123 agreement with Russia.)[9]
- United Arab Emirates[10]
- Egypt[11]
- Thailand[6]
- Argentina[6]
- Australia[6]
- Bangladesh[6]
- Brazil[6]
- Canada[6]
- Colombia[6]
- Indonesia[6]
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)[6]
- Turkey[6]
- Kazakhstan[6]
- Republic of[6]
- South Africa[6]
- Taiwan[6]
Proposed
- Romania[12]
References
External links
123 Agreement With India
123 Agreement With UAE
- U.S. to Sign Nuclear Pact With U.A.E. Wall Street Journal, January 14, 2009
- U.S.-United Arab Emirates Memorandum of Understanding on Nuclear Energy Cooperation, State Department
- Resources on the United Arab Emirates Nuclear Energy Program
- Voice of America News, December 12, 2008ta:123 உடன்படிக்கை
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