North Aral Sea

From Kazakhstan Encyclopedia

Template:Further Template:Infobox lake The North Aral Sea (Template:Lang-kk, Template:Lang-ru) is the portion of the former Aral Sea that is fed by the Syr Darya River. It split from the South Aral Sea in 1986 as water levels dropped due to river diversion for agriculture. The poorly built Dike Kokaral intended to contain the North Aral Sea and save its fisheries failed twice, but in 2005 the government of Kazakhstan was able to fund a more robust design. Since then, water levels have risen faster than expected and fish stocks have increased. Plans to build a second dike to increase water levels further were due to begin in 2010.

Background

The Aral Sea began shrinking in the 1960s, when the Soviet Union decided that the two rivers feeding it, the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, would be diverted to irrigate cotton and food crops in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. In 1986, due to an accelerated loss of water, the Aral Sea split into northern and southern parts; the southern part is the current South Aral Sea.

Salinity

There is now an ongoing effort in Kazakhstan to save and replenish the North Aral Sea. As part of this effort, a dam project was completed in 2005; in 2008, the water level in this lake had risen by Template:Convert from its level in 2003.[1] Salinity has dropped, and fish are again found in sufficient numbers for some fishing to be viable, especially mackerel introduced at the Syr Darya river delta, though attempts to introduce tuna in 2009 failed.

Current situation

File:North Aral Sea 2000 and 2011.gif
Comparison of the North Aral Sea in 2000 and 2011. The smaller salt lake on the eastern edge of the map is Lake Kamyslybas.

After the fall of the Soviet Union, the government of independent Kazakhstan decided to restore the northern lake fed by Syr Darya. In 2003, the lake was Template:Convert in depth and Template:Convert in area[1] (JAXA source: Template:Convert);[2] by 2008 it had reached Template:Convert in depth and Template:Convert in area[1][3] (JAXA source: Template:Convert).[2]

References

Template:Reflist Template:Lakes of Kazakhstan
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