View source for Kazakh Braille

{{Infobox writing system
| name = Kazakh Braille
| altname = 
| type = alphabet
| typedesc = 
| time = 
| languages = [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]]
| fam1 = [[Braille]]
| fam2 = [[Russian Braille]]
| print = [[Kazakh alphabet]]
| creator = 
| sample = 
| imagesize = 
| note = none
}}

The [[braille]] alphabet used for the [[Kazakh language]] is based on [[Russian Braille]], with several additional letters found in the print [[Kazakh alphabet]].

== Alphabet ==
Kazakh uses all of the letters of the Russian alphabet, though some just in loans, and has the additional letters ''ә, ғ, қ, ң, һ, ө, ұ, ү, і''.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! '''Print''' || [[а (Cyrillic)|а]] ''a || [[ә]] ''ä|| [[б]] ''b || [[в]] ''v|| [[г]] ''g|| [[ғ]] ''ğ|| [[д]] ''d|| [[е (Cyrillic)|е]] ''e|| [[ё]] ''yo|| [[ж]] ''j|| [[з]] ''z|| [[и]] ''ï|| [[й]] ''y|| [[к]] ''k''
|-
| '''Braille''' || {{Braille cell|type=image|a}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|345}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|b}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|w}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|g}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|12456}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|d}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|e}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|16}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|j}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|z}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|i}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|14236}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|k}} 
|-
! '''Print''' || [[қ]] ''q|| [[л]] ''l|| [[м]] ''m|| [[н]] ''n|| [[ң]] ''ñ|| [[о (Cyrillic)|о]] ''o|| [[ө]] ''ö|| [[п]] ''p|| [[р]] ''r|| [[с]] ''s|| [[т]] ''t|| [[у]] ''w|| [[ұ]] ''u|| [[ү]] ''ü''
|-
| '''Braille''' || {{Braille cell|type=image|1456}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|l}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|m}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|n}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|146}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|o}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|126}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|p}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|r}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|s}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|t}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|u}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|346}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|34}} 
|-
! '''Print''' || [[ф]] ''f|| [[х]] ''x|| [[һ]] ''h|| [[ц]] ''c|| [[ч]] ''ç|| [[ш]] ''ş|| [[щ]] ''şş|| [[ъ]] ''”|| [[ы]] ''ı|| [[i (Cyrillic)|і]] ''i|| [[ь]] ''’|| [[э]] ''é|| [[ю]] ''yu|| [[я]] ''ya''
|-
| '''Braille''' || {{Braille cell|type=image|f}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|h}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|1236}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|c}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|q}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|156}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|x}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|12536}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|4236}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|13456}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|42536}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|246}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|1256}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|1426}}
|}

Apart from {{bc|y}} ''і'', which [[Russian Braille#Obsolete letters|once existed in Russian Braille]], and {{bc|346}} ''ұ'', which is the same as the ''ў'' of [[Belarusian Braille]] (a letter which was used in earlier [[Kazakh alphabet]]s with the same value), the braille values assigned to the extra Kazakh letters do not follow the assignments of other languages that use the Cyrillic script in print.  They also do not follow [[international braille|international norms]], apart from {{bc|345}} ''ә'' (Latin ''ä'').

==Punctuation==

Single punctuation:

{| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2"
|- align=center
!Print
!, || .|| ?|| !|| ;|| :
|- align=center
!Braille
|{{Braille cell|type=image|2}} 
|{{Braille cell|type=image|256}} 
|{{Braille cell|type=image|26}} 
|{{Braille cell|type=image|235}} 
|{{Braille cell|type=image|23}} 
|{{Braille cell|type=image|25}} 
|}

Paired punctuation:

Kazakh Braille is reported to use the Russian arithmetical parentheses {{bc|126||345}}.

{| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2"
|- align=center
!Print
| « ...... »
| ( ...... )
|- align=center
!Braille
|{{Braille cell|type=image|236|0|356}} 
|{{Braille cell|type=image|126|0|345}}
|}

==Formatting==

{| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2"
|- align=center
!  [[italics]] || capital || number 
|- align=center
| {{Braille cell|type=image|456}} ||{{Braille cell|type=image|46}} || {{Braille cell|type=image|3456}} 
|}

== See also ==
* [[Languages of Kazakhstan]]
* [[Kazakh alphabets#Correspondence chart]], for the braille alphabet aligned with the Cyrillic

== References==
{{reflist}}
* UNESCO (2013) [http://www.pharmabraille.com/LiteratureRetrieve.aspx?ID=122064 World Braille Usage], 3rd edition.

{{Braille}}

[[Category:French-ordered braille alphabets]]
[[Category:Kazakh language]]