Dutar
From Kazakhstan Encyclopedia
Template:Sources Template:Infobox Instrument
The dutar (Template:Lang-fa, Template:Lang-tg, Template:Lang-ug, Template:Lang-uz, Chinese: 都塔尔) (also dotar or doutar) is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia. Its name comes from the Persian word for "two strings", دو تار dotār (< دو do "two", تار tār "string"), although the Herati dutar of Afghanistan has fourteen strings. When played, the strings are usually plucked by the Uyghurs of Western China and strummed and plucked by the Tajiks, Turkmen, Uzbeks. Related instruments include the Kazakh dombra. The Dutar is also an important instrument among the Kurds of Khorasan amongst whom Haj Ghorban Soleimani of Quchan was a noted virtuoso. In Kormanji one who plays the dutar is known as a bakci (bakhshi), while in Azeri the term is ashiq. Khorasan bakhshi music is recognized on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
At the time of the Dutar's humble origins in the 15th century as a shepherd's instrument its strings were made from gut. However, with the opening up of the Silk Road, catgut gave way to strings made from twisted silk imported from China. To this day some instruments still feature silk strings, although nylon strings are also commonly used.
The dutar has a warm, dulcet tone. Typical sizes for the pear-shaped instrument range from one to two meters.
Notable players
- Turgun Alimatov (1922–2008)
- Abdurahim Hamidov (1952–2013)
- Haj Ghorban Soleimani
- Sultan Reza Bakci (Geliani) (KhorasaniTemplate:Dn)
- Haj Mohammad Hossein Yeganeh (KhorasaniTemplate:Dn)
- Saied Tehranizadeh Template:Dn)
- Abd Allah Amini (KhorasaniTemplate:Dn)
- Zolfaghar Askarian (KhorasaniTemplate:Dn)
- Gholam Ali Poor Ataa (KhorasaniTemplate:Dn)
- Aliia Gholi Yeganeh (Turkmen)
- Abdurehim Heyit (Uyghur)
See also
- Shashmaqam
- Turgun Alimatov
- Music of Iran
- Music of Afghanistan
- Music of Tajikistan
- Music of Turkmenistan
- Music of Central Asia
- Dotara
- Bağlama
- Çiftelia
