View source for Abai (opera)

'''''Abai''''' (<span class="lang-kk" lang="kk">Абай</span>) is an [[opera]] in two acts, created by Latif Khamidi and Akhmet Zhubanov, on a libretto of [[Mukhtar Auezov]], inspired by a slice of the life of the poet [[Abai Qunanbaiuli]] (1845-1904).

Created on December 24, 1944 at the Kazakh Academic Theater of Opera and Ballets during the year preceding the centenary of Qunanbaiuli's birth, it is considered as one of "the most beautiful operas written in [[kazakh language]]".<ref>« ''[http://www.newjerseystage.com/articles/getarticle.php?ID=4054 The Astana Opera Company Makes NYC Debut]'' », ''The New Jersey Stage'', 18 octobre 2014.</ref>

== History ==
For the premiere, the distribution, upon direction of Jandarbekov, included Rishat Abdulin (as Abai), Kulyash Baisseitova (as Ajar) and Anuarbek Umbetbayev (as Aidar).<ref name="Astana Times">« [http://astanatimes.com/2014/10/abai-opera-gets-warm-reception-paris/ Abai ''Opera Gets Warm Reception in Paris''][http://astanatimes.com/2014/10/abai-opera-gets-warm-reception-paris/] », ''The Astana Times'', 28 octobre 2014.</ref>

The opera has been shown in [[Moscow]] in 1958, in [[Berlin]] and [[Dresden]] in 1986 and in Paris at the [[théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] on October 26 of 2014.<ref name="Astana Times"/>

The opera is part of the repertoire of the [[Astana opera]].

== Scenario ==
Abai helps Aidar, one of his disciples, and his fiance, Ajar, to overcome the obstacles to their wedding, but a rival poisons the young man.<ref>« [http://en.tengrinews.kz/opinion/548/ ''Astana Opera Conductor Alan Buribayev’s bond with Kazakhstan’s signature opera'', Abai] », ''tengrinews.kz'', 29 août 2015.</ref>

=== First Act ===
* First scene
While nightly fleeing, Aidar and Ajar are caught by the members of the clan of Narymbet, spouse of Ajar by arranged marriage. Aidar invokes the name of Abai as his protector, but it only increases the anger of their chasers, who decide to tie him to a horse and to drag him. Abai comes and intervene in favor of the young couple, swearing to protect them. The question should be brought before the [[Aqsaqal]].
Jirenshe, an infleunt man, partisan of the clan of Narymbeta, asks Azim, another disciple of Abai, to convince Ajar of returning in her village, and to deliver up Aidar. Azim declines. Nevertheless, Azim is jealous of the poetic talent of Aidar and of the preference Abai shows towards him.
The aqsaqal visits Abai, and asks to hear Ajar. The latter explains that only love drove her to abandon her spouse, infringe the tradition and join Aidar.

* Second scene
Judgement scene upon presidency of Syrttan. Jirenshe requires the death of Aidar and the return of Ajar in her village. Azim defends Aidar, but his argumentation turns contradicted; then, Abai pleads the cause of the young couple, and wins the case. Jirenshe and the members of the clan of Narymbet swear to make Aidar perish.

=== Second Act ===
* Third scene
Celebration of Ajar and Aidar's wedding. Azim pours poison in Aidar's cup. Aidar begins a song in honour of his beloved spouse, and collapses before the end of his song.

*Fourth scene
Aidar dies. Jirenshe is first suspected of the poisoning, then Azim is declared guilty of the murder. Azim is punished, but the people is in mourning.
The opera ends with Abai leading his people and encouraging him to move forward.<ref>[http://afishaday.kz/cat/theatre/989-abay-opera-v-2-h-deystviyah.html Description of the opera], ''afishaday.kz'', 25 april 2013.</ref>

== Music ==
The music is inspired of traditional folkloric Kazakh songs and melodies, which granted to the opera a wide success, above all due to the arias of Abai « <span class="lang-kk" lang="kk">Айттым сәлем Қаламқас</span> »  (« I come to greet you, Kalamkas… ») and « <span class="lang-kk" lang="kk">Ұзын қайың</span> » (« Birch »). The aria « <span class="lang-kk" lang="kk">Қай талқы</span> », in which Abai hopefully sings the future of the people, has become an emblematic musical theme.

== Literature ==
* ''[http://www.madenimura.kz/ru/culture-legacy/books/book/kazahstan-nacionalnaa-enciklopedia-1-tom?category=all&page=70 Abai]'' on the national encyclopedy Almaty, 2004 <small>([[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">9965-9389-9-7</span>)</small> (Russian).

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Portal|Kazakhstan|Opera}}

[[Category:Kazakhstani music]]
[[Category:20th-century operas]]
[[Category:Kazakh-language operas]]